메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 12, 2012, Pages

Individual Variability in Reproductive Success Determines Winners and Losers under Ocean Acidification: A Case Study with Sea Urchins

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON DIOXIDE;

EID: 84871666164     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053118     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (83)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0029668745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of gamete traits on fertilization in the sea and the evolution of sexual dimorphism
    • Levitan DR, (1996) Effects of gamete traits on fertilization in the sea and the evolution of sexual dimorphism. Nature 382: 153-155.
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 153-155
    • Levitan, D.R.1
  • 2
    • 44449093640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gamete traits influence the variance in reproductive success, the intensity of sexual selection, and the outcome of sexual conflict among congeneric sea urchins
    • Levitan DR, (2008) Gamete traits influence the variance in reproductive success, the intensity of sexual selection, and the outcome of sexual conflict among congeneric sea urchins. Evolution 62: 1305-1316.
    • (2008) Evolution , vol.62 , pp. 1305-1316
    • Levitan, D.R.1
  • 5
    • 78650407188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis reveals negative yet variable effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms
    • Kroeker KJ, Kordas RL, Crim RN, Singh GG, (2010) Meta-analysis reveals negative yet variable effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms. Ecol Lett 13: 1419-1434.
    • (2010) Ecol Lett , vol.13 , pp. 1419-1434
    • Kroeker, K.J.1    Kordas, R.L.2    Crim, R.N.3    Singh, G.G.4
  • 7
    • 84859816394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of ocean acidification on development of the meroplanktonic larval stage of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii
    • Doo SS, Dworjanyn SA, Foo SA, Soars NA, Byrne M (2011) Impacts of ocean acidification on development of the meroplanktonic larval stage of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii. ICES J Mar Sci.
    • (2011) ICES J Mar Sci
    • Doo, S.S.1    Dworjanyn, S.A.2    Foo, S.A.3    Soars, N.A.4    Byrne, M.5
  • 8
    • 58849084541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Near-future level of CO2-driven ocean acidification radically affects larval survival and development in the brittlestar Ophiothrix fragilis
    • Dupont S, Havenhand J, Thorndyke W, Peck L, Thorndyke M, (2008) Near-future level of CO2-driven ocean acidification radically affects larval survival and development in the brittlestar Ophiothrix fragilis. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 373: 285-294.
    • (2008) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.373 , pp. 285-294
    • Dupont, S.1    Havenhand, J.2    Thorndyke, W.3    Peck, L.4    Thorndyke, M.5
  • 9
    • 79955048483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early development and molecular plasticity in the Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus exposed to CO2-driven acidification
    • Martin S, Richier S, Pedrotti M-L, Dupont S, Castejon C, et al. (2011) Early development and molecular plasticity in the Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus exposed to CO2-driven acidification. J Exp Biol 214: 1357-1368.
    • (2011) J Exp Biol , vol.214 , pp. 1357-1368
    • Martin, S.1    Richier, S.2    Pedrotti, M.-L.3    Dupont, S.4    Castejon, C.5
  • 11
    • 48049083102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Near-future levels of ocean acidification reduce fertilization success in a sea urchin
    • Havenhand JN, Buttler FR, Thorndyke MC, Williamson JE, (2008) Near-future levels of ocean acidification reduce fertilization success in a sea urchin. Curr Biol 18: R651-R652.
    • (2008) Curr Biol , vol.18
    • Havenhand, J.N.1    Buttler, F.R.2    Thorndyke, M.C.3    Williamson, J.E.4
  • 12
    • 79961224952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying Rates of Evolutionary Adaptation in Response to Ocean Acidification
    • Sunday JM, Crim RN, Harley CDG, Hart MW, (2011) Quantifying Rates of Evolutionary Adaptation in Response to Ocean Acidification. PLoS ONE 6: e22881.
    • (2011) PLoS ONE , vol.6
    • Sunday, J.M.1    Crim, R.N.2    Harley, C.D.G.3    Hart, M.W.4
  • 13
    • 80054991144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ocean-acidification-induced morphological changes on larval swimming and feeding
    • Chan KYK, Grünbaum D, O'Donnell MJ, (2011) Effects of ocean-acidification-induced morphological changes on larval swimming and feeding. J Exp Biol 214: 3857-3867.
    • (2011) J Exp Biol , vol.214 , pp. 3857-3867
    • Chan, K.Y.K.1    Grünbaum, D.2    O'Donnell, M.J.3
  • 14
    • 0026443628 scopus 로고
    • How distribution and abundance influence fertilization success in the sea-urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus
    • Levitan DR, Sewell MA, Chia FS, (1992) How distribution and abundance influence fertilization success in the sea-urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus. Ecology 73: 248-254.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 248-254
    • Levitan, D.R.1    Sewell, M.A.2    Chia, F.S.3
  • 15
    • 79957802828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated pCO2 increases sperm limitation and risk of polyspermy in the red sea urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus
    • Reuter KE, Lotterhos KE, Crim RN, Thompson CA, Harley CDG, (2011) Elevated pCO2 increases sperm limitation and risk of polyspermy in the red sea urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus. Glob Change Biol 17: 163-171.
    • (2011) Glob Change Biol , vol.17 , pp. 163-171
    • Reuter, K.E.1    Lotterhos, K.E.2    Crim, R.N.3    Thompson, C.A.4    Harley, C.D.G.5
  • 16
    • 0027388064 scopus 로고
    • Spatial heterogeneity, sea-urching grazing, and habitat structure on reefs in temperate Australia
    • Andrew NL, (1993) Spatial heterogeneity, sea-urching grazing, and habitat structure on reefs in temperate Australia. Ecology 74: 292-302.
    • (1993) Ecology , vol.74 , pp. 292-302
    • Andrew, N.L.1
  • 17
    • 0022166836 scopus 로고
    • Food availability, sea urchin grazing, and kelp forest community structure
    • Harrold C, Reed DC, (1985) Food availability, sea urchin grazing, and kelp forest community structure. Ecology 66: 1160-1169.
    • (1985) Ecology , vol.66 , pp. 1160-1169
    • Harrold, C.1    Reed, D.C.2
  • 18
    • 13244267258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Male-by-female interactions influence fertilization success and mediate the benefits of polyandry in the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma
    • Evans JP, Marshall DJ, (2005) Male-by-female interactions influence fertilization success and mediate the benefits of polyandry in the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Evolution 59: 106-112.
    • (2005) Evolution , vol.59 , pp. 106-112
    • Evans, J.P.1    Marshall, D.J.2
  • 19
    • 0000494436 scopus 로고
    • Fertilization kinetics of sea urchin eggs
    • Vogel H, Czihak G, Chang P, Wolf W, (1982) Fertilization kinetics of sea urchin eggs. Math Biosci 58: 189-216.
    • (1982) Math Biosci , vol.58 , pp. 189-216
    • Vogel, H.1    Czihak, G.2    Chang, P.3    Wolf, W.4
  • 20
    • 57249086460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barriers to cross-fertilization between populations of a widely dispersed polychaete species are unlikely to have arisen through gametic compatibility arms-races
    • Styan CA, Kupriyanova E, Havenhand JN, (2008) Barriers to cross-fertilization between populations of a widely dispersed polychaete species are unlikely to have arisen through gametic compatibility arms-races. Evolution 62: 3041-3055.
    • (2008) Evolution , vol.62 , pp. 3041-3055
    • Styan, C.A.1    Kupriyanova, E.2    Havenhand, J.N.3
  • 21
    • 77949396483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The carbon dioxide system in seawater: equilibrium chemistry and measurements
    • Riebesell U, Fabry VJ, Hansson L, Gattuso J-P, editors, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union
    • Dickson AG (2010) The carbon dioxide system in seawater: equilibrium chemistry and measurements. In: Riebesell U, Fabry VJ, Hansson L, Gattuso J-P, editors. Guide to best practices for ocean acidification research and data reporting. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. 17-40.
    • (2010) Guide to best practices for ocean acidification research and data reporting , pp. 17-40
    • Dickson, A.G.1
  • 23
    • 45949128761 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the equilibrium constants for the dissociation of carbonic acid in seawater media
    • Dickson AG, Millero FJ, (1987) A comparison of the equilibrium constants for the dissociation of carbonic acid in seawater media. Deep Sea Res Pt A 34: 1733-1743.
    • (1987) Deep Sea Res Pt A , vol.34 , pp. 1733-1743
    • Dickson, A.G.1    Millero, F.J.2
  • 24
    • 73449123706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Near-future levels of ocean acidification do not affect sperm motility and fertilization kinetics in the oyster Crassostrea gigas
    • Havenhand JN, Schlegel P, (2009) Near-future levels of ocean acidification do not affect sperm motility and fertilization kinetics in the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Biogeosciences 6: 3009-3015.
    • (2009) Biogeosciences , vol.6 , pp. 3009-3015
    • Havenhand, J.N.1    Schlegel, P.2
  • 25
    • 0031856209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyspermy, egg size, and the fertilization kinetics of free-spawning marine invertebrates
    • Styan CA, (1998) Polyspermy, egg size, and the fertilization kinetics of free-spawning marine invertebrates. Am Nat 152: 290-297.
    • (1998) Am Nat , vol.152 , pp. 290-297
    • Styan, C.A.1
  • 26
    • 18844412101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of egg size and fertilisation efficiency in sea stars: large eggs are not fertilised more readily than small eggs in the genus Patiriella (Echinodermata: Asteroidea)
    • Styan CA, Byrne M, Franke E, (2005) Evolution of egg size and fertilisation efficiency in sea stars: large eggs are not fertilised more readily than small eggs in the genus Patiriella (Echinodermata: Asteroidea). Mar Biol 147: 235-242.
    • (2005) Mar Biol , vol.147 , pp. 235-242
    • Styan, C.A.1    Byrne, M.2    Franke, E.3
  • 27
    • 0034510584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fitting fertilisation kinetics models for free-spawning marine invertebrates
    • Styan CA, Butler AJ, (2000) Fitting fertilisation kinetics models for free-spawning marine invertebrates. Mar Biol 137: 943-951.
    • (2000) Mar Biol , vol.137 , pp. 943-951
    • Styan, C.A.1    Butler, A.J.2
  • 28
    • 0036695154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Relationship between Conspecific Fertilization Success and Reproductive Isolation among Three Congeneric Sea Urchins
    • Levitan DR, (2002) The Relationship between Conspecific Fertilization Success and Reproductive Isolation among Three Congeneric Sea Urchins. Evolution 56: 1599-1609.
    • (2002) Evolution , vol.56 , pp. 1599-1609
    • Levitan, D.R.1
  • 30
    • 34547900079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect size, confidence interval and statistical significance: a practical guide for biologists
    • Nakagawa S, Cuthill IC, (2007) Effect size, confidence interval and statistical significance: a practical guide for biologists. Biol Rev 82: 591-605.
    • (2007) Biol Rev , vol.82 , pp. 591-605
    • Nakagawa, S.1    Cuthill, I.C.2
  • 31
    • 84863304598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R-Development-Core-Team, Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing
    • R-Development-Core-Team (2012) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
    • (2012) R: A language and environment for statistical computing
  • 32
    • 33746323956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliably estimating the effect of toxicants on fertilization success in marine broadcast spawners
    • Marshall DJ, (2006) Reliably estimating the effect of toxicants on fertilization success in marine broadcast spawners. Mar Pollut Bull 52: 734-738.
    • (2006) Mar Pollut Bull , vol.52 , pp. 734-738
    • Marshall, D.J.1
  • 33
    • 66149161908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature, but not pH, compromises sea urchin fertilization and early development under near-future climate change scenarios
    • Byrne M, Ho M, Selvakumaraswamy P, Nguyen HD, Dworjanyn SA, et al. (2009) Temperature, but not pH, compromises sea urchin fertilization and early development under near-future climate change scenarios. Proc R Soc B-Biol Sci 276: 1883-1888.
    • (2009) Proc R Soc B-Biol Sci , vol.276 , pp. 1883-1888
    • Byrne, M.1    Ho, M.2    Selvakumaraswamy, P.3    Nguyen, H.D.4    Dworjanyn, S.A.5
  • 34
    • 76049093566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sea urchin fertilization in a warm, acidified and high pCO2 ocean across a range of sperm densities
    • Byrne M, Soars N, Selvakumaraswamy P, Dworjanyn SA, Davis AR, (2010) Sea urchin fertilization in a warm, acidified and high pCO2 ocean across a range of sperm densities. Mar Environ Res 69: 234-239.
    • (2010) Mar Environ Res , vol.69 , pp. 234-239
    • Byrne, M.1    Soars, N.2    Selvakumaraswamy, P.3    Dworjanyn, S.A.4    Davis, A.R.5
  • 35
    • 0021099494 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of Sea Urchin Sperm: Interrelationships between intracellular pH, ATPase activity, and mitochondrial respiration
    • Christen R, Schackmann RW, Shapiro BM, (1983) Metabolism of Sea Urchin Sperm: Interrelationships between intracellular pH, ATPase activity, and mitochondrial respiration. J Biol Chem 258: 5392-5399.
    • (1983) J Biol Chem , vol.258 , pp. 5392-5399
    • Christen, R.1    Schackmann, R.W.2    Shapiro, B.M.3
  • 36
    • 0020491431 scopus 로고
    • Elevation of the intracellular pH activates respiration and motility of sperm of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
    • Christen R, Schackmann RW, Shapiro BM, (1982) Elevation of the intracellular pH activates respiration and motility of sperm of the sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. J Biol Chem 257: 14881-14890.
    • (1982) J Biol Chem , vol.257 , pp. 14881-14890
    • Christen, R.1    Schackmann, R.W.2    Shapiro, B.M.3
  • 37
    • 0020973350 scopus 로고
    • 31P-NMR analysis of sea urchin sperm activation: Reversible formation of high energy phosphate compounds by changes in intracellular pH
    • Christen R, Schackmann RW, Dahlquist FW, Shapiro BM, (1983) 31P-NMR analysis of sea urchin sperm activation: Reversible formation of high energy phosphate compounds by changes in intracellular pH. Exp Cell Res 149: 289-294.
    • (1983) Exp Cell Res , vol.149 , pp. 289-294
    • Christen, R.1    Schackmann, R.W.2    Dahlquist, F.W.3    Shapiro, B.M.4
  • 38
    • 0032450688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of the ionic environment and internal pH on sperm activity
    • Hamamah S, Gatti J-L, (1998) Role of the ionic environment and internal pH on sperm activity. Hum Reprod 13: 20-30.
    • (1998) Hum Reprod , vol.13 , pp. 20-30
    • Hamamah, S.1    Gatti, J.-L.2
  • 39
    • 0020671590 scopus 로고
    • Changes in internal pH associated with initiation of motility and acrosome reaction of sea urchin sperm
    • Lee HC, Johnson CR, Epel D, (1983) Changes in internal pH associated with initiation of motility and acrosome reaction of sea urchin sperm. Dev Biol 95: 31-45.
    • (1983) Dev Biol , vol.95 , pp. 31-45
    • Lee, H.C.1    Johnson, C.R.2    Epel, D.3
  • 40
    • 70350023619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The maternal-to-zygotic transition: a play in two acts
    • Tadros W, Lipshitz HD, (2009) The maternal-to-zygotic transition: a play in two acts. Development 136: 3033-3042.
    • (2009) Development , vol.136 , pp. 3033-3042
    • Tadros, W.1    Lipshitz, H.D.2
  • 41
    • 0033607142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All males are not created equal: Fertility differences depend on gamete recognition polymorphisms in sea urchins
    • Palumbi SR, (1999) All males are not created equal: Fertility differences depend on gamete recognition polymorphisms in sea urchins. Proc Nat Acad Sci 96: 12632-12637.
    • (1999) Proc Nat Acad Sci , vol.96 , pp. 12632-12637
    • Palumbi, S.R.1
  • 42
    • 33645826715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection on gamete recognition proteins depends on sex, density, and genotype frequency
    • Levitan DR, Ferrell DL, (2006) Selection on gamete recognition proteins depends on sex, density, and genotype frequency. Science 312: 267-269.
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 267-269
    • Levitan, D.R.1    Ferrell, D.L.2
  • 43
    • 0036162604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density-dependent selection on gamete traits in three congeneric sea urchins
    • Levitan DR, (2002) Density-dependent selection on gamete traits in three congeneric sea urchins. Ecology 83: 464-479.
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 464-479
    • Levitan, D.R.1
  • 44
    • 0034891447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of variable recruitment and post-recruitment herbivory on local abundance of a marine alga
    • Wright JT, Steinberg PD, (2001) Effect of variable recruitment and post-recruitment herbivory on local abundance of a marine alga. Ecology 82: 2200-2215.
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 2200-2215
    • Wright, J.T.1    Steinberg, P.D.2
  • 45
    • 24944573846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density-dependent sea urchin grazing: differential removal of species, changes in community composition and alternative community states
    • Wright JT, Dworjanyn SA, Rogers CN, Steinberg PD, Williamson JE, et al. (2005) Density-dependent sea urchin grazing: differential removal of species, changes in community composition and alternative community states. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 298: 143-156.
    • (2005) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.298 , pp. 143-156
    • Wright, J.T.1    Dworjanyn, S.A.2    Rogers, C.N.3    Steinberg, P.D.4    Williamson, J.E.5
  • 46
    • 0022168360 scopus 로고
    • The ecology of fertilization of echinoid eggs: the consequences of sperm dilution, adult aggregation, and synchronous spawning
    • Pennington JT, (1985) The ecology of fertilization of echinoid eggs: the consequences of sperm dilution, adult aggregation, and synchronous spawning. Biol Bull 169: 417-430.
    • (1985) Biol Bull , vol.169 , pp. 417-430
    • Pennington, J.T.1
  • 47
    • 0034701286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sperm velocity and longevity trade off each other and influence fertilization in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus
    • Levitan DR, (2000) Sperm velocity and longevity trade off each other and influence fertilization in the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus. Proc R Soc Lond Ser B-Biol Sci 267: 531-534.
    • (2000) Proc R Soc Lond Ser B-Biol Sci , vol.267 , pp. 531-534
    • Levitan, D.R.1
  • 49
    • 0028119291 scopus 로고
    • Sperm Diffusion Models and In Situ Confirmation of Long-Distance Fertilization in the Free-Spawning Asteroid Acanthaster planci
    • Babcock RC, Mundy CN, Whitehead D, (1994) Sperm Diffusion Models and In Situ Confirmation of Long-Distance Fertilization in the Free-Spawning Asteroid Acanthaster planci. Biol Bull 186: 17-28.
    • (1994) Biol Bull , vol.186 , pp. 17-28
    • Babcock, R.C.1    Mundy, C.N.2    Whitehead, D.3
  • 50
    • 4544344862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density-dependent sexual selection in external fertilizers: Variances in male and female fertilization success along the continuum from sperm limitation to sexual conflict in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus
    • Levitan DR, (2004) Density-dependent sexual selection in external fertilizers: Variances in male and female fertilization success along the continuum from sperm limitation to sexual conflict in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus franciscanus. Am Nat 164: 298-309.
    • (2004) Am Nat , vol.164 , pp. 298-309
    • Levitan, D.R.1
  • 51
    • 0028981962 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive success in large populations: empirical measures and theoretical predictions of fertilization in the sea biscuit Clypeaster rosaceus
    • Levitan DR, Young CM, (1995) Reproductive success in large populations: empirical measures and theoretical predictions of fertilization in the sea biscuit Clypeaster rosaceus. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 190: 221-241.
    • (1995) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol , vol.190 , pp. 221-241
    • Levitan, D.R.1    Young, C.M.2
  • 52
    • 0033753275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double exposure: assessing the impacts of climate change within the context of economic globalization
    • O'Brien KL, Leichenko RM, (2000) Double exposure: assessing the impacts of climate change within the context of economic globalization. Glob Environ Change 10: 221-232.
    • (2000) Glob Environ Change , vol.10 , pp. 221-232
    • O'Brien, K.L.1    Leichenko, R.M.2
  • 54
    • 77649199218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers
    • Somero GN, (2010) The physiology of climate change: how potentials for acclimatization and genetic adaptation will determine 'winners' and 'losers'. J Exp Biol 213: 912-920.
    • (2010) J Exp Biol , vol.213 , pp. 912-920
    • Somero, G.N.1
  • 55
    • 77957059952 scopus 로고
    • Assessing the impacts of climate: The issue of winners and losers in a global climate change context
    • Glantz MH, (1995) Assessing the impacts of climate: The issue of winners and losers in a global climate change context. Stud Environ Sci 65: 41-54.
    • (1995) Stud Environ Sci , vol.65 , pp. 41-54
    • Glantz, M.H.1
  • 56
    • 52049112331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal provisioning for larvae and larval provisioning for juveniles in the toxopneustid sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla
    • Byrne M, Prowse TAA, Sewell MA, Dworjanyn S, Williamson JE, et al. (2008) Maternal provisioning for larvae and larval provisioning for juveniles in the toxopneustid sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla. Mar Biol 155: 473-482.
    • (2008) Mar Biol , vol.155 , pp. 473-482
    • Byrne, M.1    Prowse, T.A.A.2    Sewell, M.A.3    Dworjanyn, S.4    Williamson, J.E.5
  • 57
    • 0037329527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between Fitness and Genetic Diversity
    • Reed DH, Frankham R, (2003) Correlation between Fitness and Genetic Diversity. Conserv Biol 17: 230-237.
    • (2003) Conserv Biol , vol.17 , pp. 230-237
    • Reed, D.H.1    Frankham, R.2
  • 58
    • 30744461845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation Biology: Ecosystem recovery enhanced by genotypic diversity
    • Frankham R, (2005) Conservation Biology: Ecosystem recovery enhanced by genotypic diversity. Heredity 95: 183-183.
    • (2005) Heredity , vol.95 , pp. 183
    • Frankham, R.1
  • 59
    • 58849127760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of CO2-driven ocean acidification on the early developmental stages of invertebrates
    • Kurihara H, (2008) Effects of CO2-driven ocean acidification on the early developmental stages of invertebrates. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 373: 275-284.
    • (2008) Mar Ecol Prog Ser , vol.373 , pp. 275-284
    • Kurihara, H.1
  • 60
    • 85039617596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of ocean warming and ocean acidification on marine invertebrate life history stages: Vulnerabilities and potential for persistence in a changing ocean
    • Byrne M, (2011) Impact of ocean warming and ocean acidification on marine invertebrate life history stages: Vulnerabilities and potential for persistence in a changing ocean. Oceanogr Mar Biol 49: 1-42.
    • (2011) Oceanogr Mar Biol , vol.49 , pp. 1-42
    • Byrne, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.