메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 362, Issue , 2002, Pages 15-26

Crust and upper mantle structure in East Africa: Implications for the origin of Cenozoic rifting and volcanism and the formation of magmatic rifted margins

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GEODYNAMICS; NAVAL ARCHITECTURE; TECTONICS; TOPOGRAPHY;

EID: 84870924199     PISSN: 00721077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1130/0-8137-2362-0.15     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 0028574403 scopus 로고
    • New ideas of the Kenya rift based on the inversion of the combined dataset of the 1985 and 1989/90 seismic tomography experiments
    • Achauer, U., and the KRISP Teleseismic Working Group, 1994, New ideas of the Kenya rift based on the inversion of the combined dataset of the 1985 and 1989/90 seismic tomography experiments: Tectonophysics, v. 236, p. 305-330.
    • (1994) Tectonophysics , vol.236 , pp. 305-330
    • Achauer, U.1
  • 2
    • 0028197768 scopus 로고
    • The sublithospheric mantle as the source of continental flood basalts; the case against the continental lithosphere and plume head reservoirs
    • Anderson, D.L., 1994, The sublithospheric mantle as the source of continental flood basalts: The case against the continental lithosphere and plume head reservoirs: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 123, p. 269-280. (Pubitemid 24428554)
    • (1994) Earth & Planetary Science Letters , vol.123 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 269-280
    • Anderson, D.L.1
  • 3
    • 0034352646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pn wave velocities beneath the Tanzania Craton and adjacent rifted mobile belts, East Africa
    • DOI 10.1029/2000GL011586
    • Brazier, R.A., Nyblade, A.A., Langston, C.A., and Owens, T.J., 2000, Pn wave velocities beneath the Tanzania craton and adjacent rifted mobile belts, East Africa: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 27, p. 2365-2368. (Pubitemid 32040276)
    • (2000) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.27 , Issue.16 , pp. 2365-2368
    • Brazier, R.A.1    Nyblade, A.A.2    Langston, C.A.3    Owens, T.J.4
  • 4
    • 0028594484 scopus 로고
    • Phase transition Clapeyron slopes and transition zone seismic discontinuity topography
    • Bina, C., and Helffrich, G., 1994, Phase transition Clapeyron slopes and transition zone seismic discontinuity topography: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 99, p. 15853-15860.
    • (1994) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.99 , pp. 15853-15860
    • Bina, C.1    Helffrich, G.2
  • 5
    • 0000547049 scopus 로고
    • Crustal structure of the East African rift system from spectral response ratios of long period body waves
    • Bonjer, K.P., Fuchs, K., and Wohlenburg, J., 1970, Crustal structure of the East African rift system from spectral response ratios of long period body waves: Zeitschrift für Geophysik, v. 36, p. 287-297.
    • (1970) Zeitschrift für Geophysik , vol.36 , pp. 287-297
    • Bonjer, K.P.1    Fuchs, K.2    Wohlenburg, J.3
  • 6
    • 0028601711 scopus 로고
    • Structure and stratigraphic evolution of the Anza rift, Kenya
    • Bosworth, W., and Morley, C.K., 1994, Structure and stratigraphic evolution of the Anza rift, Kenya: Tectonophysics, v. 236, p. 93-115.
    • (1994) Tectonophysics , vol.236 , pp. 93-115
    • Bosworth, W.1    Morley, C.K.2
  • 7
    • 0042852706 scopus 로고
    • Structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the western rift of East Africa, derived from investigations of near earthquakes
    • Pilger, A., and Rosler, A., eds. Stuttgart, Germany, Schweizerbart
    • Bram, K., and Schmeling, B.D., 1975, Structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the western rift of East Africa, derived from investigations of near earthquakes, in Pilger, A., and Rosler, A., eds., Afar between continental and oceanic rifting: Stuttgart, Germany, Schweizerbart, p. 138-142.
    • (1975) Afar between Continental and Oceanic Rifting , pp. 138-142
    • Bram, K.1    Schmeling, B.D.2
  • 10
    • 0025660782 scopus 로고
    • Implications of mantle plume structure for the evolution of flood basalts
    • Campbell, I.H., and Griffiths, R.W., 1990, Implications of mantle plume structure for the evolution of flood basalts: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 99, p. 79-93.
    • (1990) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.99 , pp. 79-93
    • Campbell, I.H.1    Griffiths, R.W.2
  • 12
    • 53249144078 scopus 로고
    • Volcanism and continental break-up: A global compilation of large igneous provinces
    • Coffin, M.F., and Eldholm, O., 1992, Volcanism and continental break-up: A global compilation of large igneous provinces, in Storey, B.C., Alabaster, T., and Pankhurst, R.J., eds., Magmatism and the causes of continental break-up: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 68, p. 17-30. (Pubitemid 23387241)
    • (1992) Magmatism and the causes of continental break-up , pp. 17-30
    • Coffin, M.F.1    Eldholm, O.2
  • 13
    • 0026465314 scopus 로고
    • Neogene tectonics and volcanicity in the north Tanzania sector of the Gregory rift valley: Contrasts with the Kenya sector
    • Dawson, J.B., 1992, Neogene tectonics and volcanicity in the north Tanzania sector of the Gregory rift valley: Contrasts with the Kenya sector: Tectonophysics, v. 204, p. 81-92.
    • (1992) Tectonophysics , vol.204 , pp. 81-92
    • Dawson, J.B.1
  • 14
    • 84879884793 scopus 로고
    • Tectonic development of the western branch of the East African rift system
    • Ebinger, C.J., 1989, Tectonic development of the western branch of the East African rift system: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 101, p. 885-903.
    • (1989) Geological Society of America Bulletin , vol.101 , pp. 885-903
    • Ebinger, C.J.1
  • 15
    • 0032558727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cenozoic magmatism throughout east Africa resulting from impact of a single plume
    • DOI 10.1038/27417
    • Ebinger, C.J., and Sleep, N.H., 1998, Cenozoic magmatism throughout east Africa resulting from impact of a single plume: Nature, v. 395, p. 788-791. (Pubitemid 28485443)
    • (1998) Nature , vol.395 , Issue.6704 , pp. 788-791
    • Ebinger, C.J.1    Sleep, N.H.2
  • 16
    • 0026304708 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical strength of the extended continental lithosphere: Constraints from the Western rift system, East Africa
    • Ebinger, C.J., Karner, G.D., and Weissel, J.K., 1991, Mechanical strength of the extended continental lithosphere: Constraints from the Western rift system, East Africa: Tectonics, v. 10, p. 1239-1256.
    • (1991) Tectonics , vol.10 , pp. 1239-1256
    • Ebinger, C.J.1    Karner, G.D.2    Weissel, J.K.3
  • 17
    • 0024483254 scopus 로고
    • Effective elastic plate thickness beneath the East African and Afar plateaus and dynamic compensation of the uplifts
    • Ebinger, C.J., Bechtel, T.D., Forsyth, D.W., and Bowin, C.O., 1989, Effective elastic plate thickness beneath the East African and Afar plateaus and dynamic compensation of the uplifts: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 94, p. 2883-2901.
    • (1989) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.94 , pp. 2883-2901
    • Ebinger, C.J.1    Bechtel, T.D.2    Forsyth, D.W.3    Bowin, C.O.4
  • 18
    • 3743125534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rifting Archaean lithosphere: The Eyasi-Manyara-Natron rifts, East Africa
    • Ebinger, C.J., Poudjom, Y., Mbede, E., Foster, F., and Dawson, J.B., 1997, Rifting Archean lithosphere: The Eyasi-Manyara-Natron rifts, east Africa: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 154, p. 947-960. (Pubitemid 127576175)
    • (1997) Journal of the Geological Society , vol.154 , Issue.6 , pp. 947-960
    • Ebinger, C.1    Djomani, Y.P.2    Mbede, E.3    Foster, A.4    Dawson, J.B.5
  • 19
    • 0028562242 scopus 로고
    • Numerical investigations of the mantle plume initiation model for flood basalt events
    • Farnetani, C.G., and Richards, M.A., 1994, Numerical investigations of the mantle plume initiation model for flood basalt events: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 99, p. 13813-13833.
    • (1994) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.99 , pp. 13813-13833
    • Farnetani, C.G.1    Richards, M.A.2
  • 20
    • 0031824159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global mapping of tomography on transition zone velocity discontinuities
    • Flanagan, M.P., and Shearer, P.M., 1998, Global mapping of tomography on transition zone velocity discontinuities: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 103, p. 2673-2901.
    • (1998) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.103 , pp. 2673-2901
    • Flanagan, M.P.1    Shearer, P.M.2
  • 21
    • 0031449957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tectonic development of the northern Tanzanian sector of the East African rift system
    • Foster, A., Ebinger, C., Mbede, E., and Rex, D., 1997, Tectonic development of the northern Tanzanian sector of the East African rift system: Journal of the Geological Society, London, v. 154, p. 689-700.
    • (1997) Journal of the Geological Society, London , vol.154 , pp. 689-700
    • Foster, A.1    Ebinger, C.2    Mbede, E.3    Rex, D.4
  • 22
    • 0000032195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and dynamic processes in the lithosphere of the Afro-Arabian rift system
    • Fuchs, K., Altherr, B., Muller, B., and Prodehl, C., 1997, Structure and dynamic processes in the lithosphere of the Afro-Arabian rift system: Tectonophysics, v. 278, p. 1-352.
    • (1997) Tectonophysics , vol.278 , pp. 1-352
    • Fuchs, K.1    Altherr, B.2    Muller, B.3    Prodehl, C.4
  • 23
    • 84879879128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Earliest magmatism in Ethiopia: Evidence for two mantle plumes in one flood basalt province
    • George, R., Rogers, N., and Kelley, S., 1998, Earliest magmatism in Ethiopia: Evidence for two mantle plumes in one flood basalt province: Geology, v. 26, p. 923-926. (Pubitemid 29139666)
    • (1998) Geology , vol.26 , Issue.10 , pp. 923-926
    • George, R.1
  • 24
    • 0026287283 scopus 로고
    • A three-dimensional seismic image of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Kenya rift
    • Green, W.V., Achauer, U., and Meyer, R.P., 1991, A three-dimensional seismic image of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Kenya rift: Nature, v. 354, p. 199-203. (Pubitemid 21896811)
    • (1991) Nature , vol.354 , Issue.6350 , pp. 199-203
    • Green, W.V.1    Achauer, U.2    Meyer, R.P.3
  • 25
    • 0026282049 scopus 로고
    • Interaction of mantle plume heads with the earth's surface and onset of small-scale convection
    • Griffiths, R.W., and Campbell, I.H., 1991, Interaction of mantle plume heads with the earth's surface and onset of small-scale convection: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, p. 18295-18310.
    • (1991) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.96 , pp. 18295-18310
    • Griffiths, R.W.1    Campbell, I.H.2
  • 26
    • 0041850570 scopus 로고
    • Seismic refraction line in the Gregory Rift
    • Griffiths, D., King, R., Khan, M., and Blundell, D., 1971, Seismic refraction line in the Gregory Rift: Nature, v. 229, p. 69-71.
    • (1971) Nature , vol.229 , pp. 69-71
    • Griffiths, D.1    King, R.2    Khan, M.3    Blundell, D.4
  • 27
    • 0001388871 scopus 로고
    • Lithostratigraphic subdivisions of the Karoo rocks of the Luwegu basin (Tanzania) and their biostratigraphic classification based on microfloras, marcofloras, fossil woods and vertebrates
    • Hankel, O., 1987, Lithostratigraphic subdivisions of the Karoo rocks of the Luwegu basin (Tanzania) and their biostratigraphic classification based on microfloras, marcofloras, fossil woods and vertebrates: Geologische Rundundschau, v. 76, p. 539-565.
    • (1987) Geologische Rundundschau , vol.76 , pp. 539-565
    • Hankel, O.1
  • 28
    • 0011211237 scopus 로고
    • Crustal thickness estimates at AAE (Addia Ababa, Ethiopia) and NAI (Nairobi, Kenya) using P-wave conversions
    • Hebert, L., and Langston, C.A., 1985, Crustal thickness estimates at AAE (Addia Ababa, Ethiopia) and NAI (Nairobi, Kenya) using P-wave conversions: Tectonophysics, v. 111, p. 299-327.
    • (1985) Tectonophysics , vol.111 , pp. 299-327
    • Hebert, L.1    Langston, C.A.2
  • 30
    • 0026481357 scopus 로고
    • High-temperature elasticity of iron-bearing olivines
    • Isaak, D., 1992, High-temperature elasticity of iron-bearing olivines: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, p. 1871-1885.
    • (1992) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.96 , pp. 1871-1885
    • Isaak, D.1
  • 31
    • 0032051494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochronology of volcanic rocks and evolution of the Cenozoic western branch of the East African Rift system
    • DOI 10.1016/S0899-5362(98)00025-6, PII S0899536298000256
    • Kampunzu, A.B., Bonhomme, M.G., and Kanika, M., 1998, Geochronology of volcanic rocks and evolution of the Cenozoic Western Branch of the East African Rift System: Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 26, p. 441-461. (Pubitemid 28415796)
    • (1998) Journal of African Earth Sciences , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 441-461
    • Kampunzu, A.B.1    Bonhomme, M.G.2    Kanika, M.3
  • 32
    • 0024879707 scopus 로고
    • Superimposed upper Proterozoic collision controlled orogenesis in the Mozambique orogenic belt of Kenya
    • Key, R.M., Charsley, T.J., Hackman, B., Wilkinson, A.F., and Rundle, C.C., 1989, Superimposed upper Proterozoic collision controlled orogenesis in the Mozambique orogenic belt of Kenya: Precambrian Research, v. 44, p. 197-225.
    • (1989) Precambrian Research , vol.44 , pp. 197-225
    • Key, R.M.1    Charsley, T.J.2    Hackman, B.3    Wilkinson, A.F.4    Rundle, C.C.5
  • 33
    • 0029478104 scopus 로고
    • An alternative mechanism of flood basalt formation
    • King, S.D., and Anderson, D.L., 1995, An alternative mechanism of flood basalt formation: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 136, p. 269-279. (Pubitemid 26460966)
    • (1995) Earth & Planetary Science Letters , vol.136 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 269-279
    • King, S.D.1    Anderson, D.L.2
  • 34
    • 0032448465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Edge-driven convection
    • DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00089-2, PII S0012821X98000892
    • King, S.D., and Anderson, D.L., 1998, Edge-driven convection: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 160, p. 289-296. (Pubitemid 29105700)
    • (1998) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.160 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 289-296
    • King, S.D.1    Anderson, D.L.2
  • 35
    • 0034634404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African hot-spot volcanism: Small-scale convection in the upper mantle beneath cratons
    • King, S.D., and Ritsema, J., 2000, African hot-spot volcanism: Small-scale convection in the upper mantle beneath cratons: Science, v. 290, p. 1137-1140.
    • (2000) Science , vol.290 , pp. 1137-1140
    • King, S.D.1    Ritsema, J.2
  • 36
    • 80052593233 scopus 로고
    • Rift to drift evolution in Permian-Jurassic basins of East Africa
    • Lambiase, J.J., ed., Hydorcarbon habitat in rift basins
    • Kreuser, T., 1995, Rift to drift evolution in Permian-Jurassic basins of East Africa, in Lambiase, J.J., ed., Hydorcarbon habitat in rift basins: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 80, p. 297-315.
    • (1995) Geological Society [London] Special Publication 80 , pp. 297-315
    • Kreuser, T.1
  • 37
    • 0001482503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal structure of the East African plateau from receiver functions and Rayleigh wave phase velocities
    • Last, R.J., Nyblade, A.A., Langston, C.A., Owens, T.J., 1997, Crustal structure of the East African plateau from receiver functions and Rayleigh wave phase velocities: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 102, p. 24469-24483.
    • (1997) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.102 , pp. 24469-24483
    • Last, R.J.1    Nyblade, A.A.2    Langston, C.A.3    Owens, T.J.4
  • 38
    • 0028553041 scopus 로고
    • The Paleoproterozoic Ubendian shear belt in Tanzania: Geochronology and structure
    • Lenoir, J.L., Liegeois, J.P., Theunissen, K., and Klerkx, J., 1994, The Paleoproterozoic Ubendian shear belt in Tanzania: Geochronology and structure, Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 19, no. 3, p. 160-184.
    • (1994) Journal of African Earth Sciences , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 160-184
    • Lenoir, J.L.1    Liegeois, J.P.2    Theunissen, K.3    Klerkx, J.4
  • 39
    • 0032541564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic topography, plate driving forces and the African superswell
    • DOI 10.1038/26212
    • Lithgow-Bertelloni, C., and Silver, P.G., 1998, Dynamic topography, plate driving forces and the African superswell: Nature, v. 395, p. 269-272. (Pubitemid 28447549)
    • (1998) Nature , vol.395 , Issue.6699 , pp. 269-272
    • Lithgow-Bertelloni, C.1    Silver, P.G.2
  • 40
    • 0001375708 scopus 로고
    • The structure of East Africa using the surface wave dispersion and Durham seismic array data
    • Long, R.E., Backhouse, R.W., Maguire, P.K.H., and Sundarlingham, K., 1972, The structure of East Africa using the surface wave dispersion and Durham seismic array data: Tectonophysics, v. 15, p. 165-178.
    • (1972) Tectonophysics , vol.15 , pp. 165-178
    • Long, R.E.1    Backhouse, R.W.2    Maguire, P.K.H.3    Sundarlingham, K.4
  • 41
    • 44349094590 scopus 로고
    • The volume and composition of melt generated by extension of the lithosphere
    • McKenzie, D., and Bickle, M.J., 1988, The volume and composition of melt generated by extension of the lithosphere: Journal of Petrology, v. 29, p. 625-679.
    • (1988) Journal of Petrology , vol.29 , pp. 625-679
    • McKenzie, D.1    Bickle, M.J.2
  • 42
    • 0031826676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal age domains and the evolution of the continental crust in the Mozambique Belt of Tanzania: Combined Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, and Pb-Pb isotopic evidence
    • Moller, A., Mezger, K., and Schenk, V., 1998, Crustal age domains and the evolution of the continental crust in the Mozambique Belt of Tanzania: Combined Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, and Pb-Pb isotopic evidence: Journal of Petrology, v. 39, p. 749-783.
    • (1998) Journal of Petrology , vol.39 , pp. 749-783
    • Moller, A.1    Mezger, K.2    Schenk, V.3
  • 43
    • 0024221294 scopus 로고
    • Variable extension in Lake Tanganyika
    • Morley, C.K., 1988, Variable extension in Lake Tanganyika: Tectonics, v. 7, p. 785-801.
    • (1988) Tectonics , vol.7 , pp. 785-801
    • Morley, C.K.1
  • 44
    • 0010238008 scopus 로고
    • Average structure of the crust and upper mantle in East Africa
    • Mueller, S., and Bonjer, K.P., 1973, Average structure of the crust and upper mantle in East Africa: Tectonophysics, v. 20, p. 238-253.
    • (1973) Tectonophysics , vol.20 , pp. 238-253
    • Mueller, S.1    Bonjer, K.P.2
  • 45
    • 0019910197 scopus 로고
    • A model for the deep structure of the East African rift system from the simultaneous inversion of teleseismic data
    • Nolet, G., and Mueller, S., 1982, A model for the deep structure of the East African rift system from the simultaneous inversion of teleseismic data: Tectonophysics, v. 84, p. 151-178.
    • (1982) Tectonophysics , vol.84 , pp. 151-178
    • Nolet, G.1    Mueller, S.2
  • 46
    • 0031200924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat flow across the east African plateau
    • Nyblade, A.A., 1997, Heat flow across the east African plateau: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 24, p. 2083-2086.
    • (1997) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.24 , pp. 2083-2086
    • Nyblade, A.A.1
  • 49
    • 84879886816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seismic evidence for a deep upper mantle thermal anomaly beneath East Africa
    • Nyblade, A.A., Owens, T.J., Gurrola, H., Ritsema, J., and Langston, C., 2000, Seismic evidence for a deep upper mantle thermal anomaly beneath East Africa: Geology, v. 28, p. 599-602. (Pubitemid 32836010)
    • (2000) Geology , vol.28 , Issue.7 , pp. 599-602
    • Nyblade, A.A.1    Owens, T.J.2    Gurrola, H.3    Ritsema, J.4    Langston, C.A.5
  • 51
    • 0024903173 scopus 로고
    • Timing of the volcanism of the southern Kivu province: Implications for the evolution of the western branch of the East African rift system
    • Pasteels, P., Villeneuve, M., De Paepe, P., and Klerkx, J., 1989, Timing of the volcanism of the southern Kivu province: Implications for the evolution of the western branch of the East African rift system: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 94, p. 353-363.
    • (1989) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.94 , pp. 353-363
    • Pasteels, P.1    Villeneuve, M.2    De Paepe, P.3    Klerkx, J.4
  • 52
    • 0034632588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flexure and mechanical behavior of cratonic lithosphere: Gravity models of the East African and Baikal rifts
    • Petit, C., and Ebinger, C., 2000, Flexure and mechanical behavior of cratonic lithosphere: Gravity models of the East African and Baikal rifts: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 105, p. 19151-19162.
    • (2000) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.105 , pp. 19151-19162
    • Petit, C.1    Ebinger, C.2
  • 53
    • 0001911952 scopus 로고
    • Crustal and upper mantle structure of the Kenya Rift
    • Prodehl, C., Keller, G.R., and Khan, M.A., 1994, Crustal and upper mantle structure of the Kenya Rift: Tectonophysics, v. 236, p. 1-483.
    • (1994) Tectonophysics , vol.236 , pp. 1-483
    • Prodehl, C.1    Keller, G.R.2    Khan, M.A.3
  • 54
    • 0024903908 scopus 로고
    • Flood basalts and hotspot tracks: Plume heads and tails
    • Richards, M., Duncan, R., and Courtillot, V., 1989, Flood basalts and hotspot tracks: Plume heads and tails: Science, v. 246, p. 103-108.
    • (1989) Science , vol.246 , pp. 103-108
    • Richards, M.1    Duncan, R.2    Courtillot, V.3
  • 55
    • 0345072527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complex shear wave velocity structure imaged beneath Africa and Iceland
    • Ritsema, J., van Heijst, H., and Woodhouse, J.H., 1999, Complex shear wave velocity structure imaged beneath Africa and Iceland: Science, v. 286, p. 1925-1928. (Pubitemid 129515894)
    • (1999) Science , vol.286 , Issue.5446 , pp. 1925-1928
    • Ritsema, J.1    Van Heijst, H.J.2    Woodhouse, J.H.3
  • 56
    • 0032505275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper mantle seismic velocity structure beneath Tanzania, East Africa: Implications for the stability of cratonic lithosphere
    • Ritsema, J., Nyblade, A.A., Owens, T.J., and Langston, C.A., 1998, Upper mantle seismic velocity structure beneath Tanzania, East Africa: Implications for the stability of cratonic lithosphere: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 103, p. 21201-21213.
    • (1998) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.103 , pp. 21201-21213
    • Ritsema, J.1    Nyblade, A.A.2    Owens, T.J.3    Langston, C.A.4
  • 57
    • 0002463970 scopus 로고
    • Precambrian collision tectonics in Africa
    • Coward, M.P., and Ries, A.C., eds., Collision tectonics
    • Shackleton, R.M., 1986, Precambrian collision tectonics in Africa, in Coward, M.P., and Ries, A.C., eds., Collision tectonics: Geological Society [London] Special Publication 19, p. 329-349.
    • (1986) Geological Society [London] Special Publication 19 , pp. 329-349
    • Shackleton, R.M.1
  • 58
    • 0032480341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seismic evidence for a lower-mantle origin of the Iceland plume
    • DOI 10.1038/25714
    • Shen, Y., Solomon, S.C., Bjarnason, I.T., and Wolfe, C.J., 1998, Seismic evidence for a lower-mantle origin of the Iceland plume: Nature, v. 395, p. 62-65. (Pubitemid 28420228)
    • (1998) Nature , vol.395 , Issue.6697 , pp. 62-65
    • Shen, Y.1    Solomon, S.C.2    Bjarnason, I.Th.3    Wolfe, C.J.4
  • 59
    • 0031404588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An integrated analysis of lithospheric structure across the east African plateau based on gravity anomalies and recent seismic studies
    • Simiyu, S.M, and Keller, G.R., 1997, An integrated analysis of lithospheric structure across the east African plateau based on gravity anomalies and recent seismic studies: Tectonophysics, v. 278, p. 291-313.
    • (1997) Tectonophysics , vol.278 , pp. 291-313
    • Simiyu, S.M.1    Keller, G.R.2
  • 60
    • 0028604835 scopus 로고
    • Attenuation and velocity of P-waves in the mantle beneath the east African rift, Kenya
    • Slack, P.D., Davis, P.M. and the KRISP Teleseismic Working Group, 1994, Attenuation and velocity of P-waves in the mantle beneath the east African rift, Kenya: Tectonophysics, v. 236, p. 331-358.
    • (1994) Tectonophysics , vol.236 , pp. 331-358
    • Slack, P.D.1    Davis, P.M.2
  • 61
    • 2642691745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lateral flow of hot plume material ponded at sublithospheric depths
    • Sleep, N., 1996, Lateral flow of hot plume material ponded at sublithospheric depths: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 101, p. 28065-28083.
    • (1996) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.101 , pp. 28065-28083
    • Sleep, N.1
  • 62
    • 0030775297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lateral flow and ponding of starting plume material
    • Sleep, N., 1997, Lateral flow and ponding of starting plume material: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 102, p. 10001-10012.
    • (1997) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.102 , pp. 10001-10012
    • Sleep, N.1
  • 63
    • 0028555445 scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphic and structural constraints on mechanisms of active rifting in the Gregory Rift, Kenya
    • Smith, M., 1994, Stratigraphic and structural constraints on mechanisms of active rifting in the Gregory Rift, Kenya: Tectonophysics, v. 236, p. 3-22.
    • (1994) Tectonophysics , vol.236 , pp. 3-22
    • Smith, M.1
  • 65
    • 0030506774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of inheritance of rift faulting in the western branch of the East African Rift, Tanzania
    • Theunissen, K., Klerkx, J., Melnikov, A., and Mruma, A., 1996, Mechanisms of inheritance of rift faulting in the western branch of the East African Rift, Tanzania: Tectonics, v. 15, p. 776-790.
    • (1996) Tectonics , vol.15 , pp. 776-790
    • Theunissen, K.1    Klerkx, J.2    Melnikov, A.3    Mruma, A.4
  • 68
    • 0024875682 scopus 로고
    • Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts
    • White, R., and McKenzie, D., 1989, Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 94, p. 7685-7729.
    • (1989) Journal of Geophysical Research , vol.94 , pp. 7685-7729
    • White, R.1    McKenzie, D.2
  • 69
    • 0031413065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Styles of continental rifting: Crust-mantle detachment and mantle plumes
    • Zeyen, H., Volker, F., Wehrle, V., Fuchs, K., Sobolev, S.V., and Altherr, R., 1997, Styles of continental rifting: Crust-mantle detachment and mantle plumes: Tectonophysics, v. 278, p. 329-352.
    • (1997) Tectonophysics , vol.278 , pp. 329-352
    • Zeyen, H.1    Volker, F.2    Wehrle, V.3    Fuchs, K.4    Sobolev, S.V.5    Altherr, R.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.