Crustal structure of the East African Plateau from receiver functions and Rayleigh wave phase velocities

Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

Volumn 102, Issue 11, 1997, Pages 24469-24483

  Last, Robert J ^a   Nyblade, Andrew A ^a   Langston, Charles A ^a   Owens, Thomas J ^b  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0001482503     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/97jb02156     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Ammon, C. J., G. E. Randall, and G. Zandt, On the non-uniqueness of receiver functions, J. Geophys. Rex., 95, 15,303-15,318, 1990.
2. Birt, C. S., P. K. H. Maguire, M. A. Khan, H. Thybo, G. R. Keller and J. Patel, The influence of pre-existing structures on the evolution of the southern Kenya rift valley-evidence from seismic and gravity studies, Tectonophysics, in press, 1997.
3. Bonjer, K. P., K. Fuchs, and J. Wohlenburg, Crustal structure of the East African rift system from spectral response ratios of long period body waves, Z. Geophys., 36, 287-297, 1970.
4. Bram, K., and B. D. Schmeling, Structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the western rift of East Africa, derived from investigations of near earthquakes, in Afar Between Continental and Oceanic Rifting, edited by A. Pilger and A. Rosler, pp. 138-142, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart, Germany, 1975.
5. Bungum, H. and A. A. Nnko, Seismicity and tectonics of the Stieglers Gorge area, Tanzania, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 1874-1888, 1984.
6. Cahen, L., N. J. Snelling, J. Delhal, and J. R. Vail, The Geochronology and Evolution of Africa, 512 pp., Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1984.
7. Camelbeeck, T., and M. D. Iranga, Deep crustal earthquakes and active faults along the Rukwa trough, eastern Africa, Geophys. J. Int., 124, 612-630, 1996.
8. Christensen, N. I., and W. D. Mooney, Seismic velocity structure and composition of the continental crust: A global view, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 9761-9788, 1995.
9. Cohen, R. S., R. K. O'Nions, and J. B. Dawson, Isotope geochemistry of xenoliths from East Africa. Implications for development of mantle reservoirs and their interaction, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 68, 209-220, 1984.
10. Dawson, J. B., Neogene tectonics and volcanicity in the north Tanzania sector of the Gregory rift valley: Contrasts with the Kenya sector, Tectonophysics, 204, 81-92, 1992.
11. Doser, D., and D. Yarwood, Deep crustal earthquakes associated with continental rifts, Tectonophysics, 229, 121-131, 1994.
12. Durrheim, R. J., and W. D. Mooney, Archean and Proterozoic crustal evolution: Evidence from crustal seismology, Geology, 19, 606-609, 1991.
13. Durrheim, R. J., and W. D. Mooney, The evolution of the Precambrian lithosphere: Seismological and geochemical constraints, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 15,359-15,374, 1994.
14. Dziewonski, A.M., A. Block, and M. Landisman, A technique for the analysis of transient seismic signals, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 59, 427-444, 1969.
15. Ebinger, C. J., Tectonic development of the western branch of the East African rift system, Geol. Soc. Am Bull., 101, 885-903, 1989.
16. Ebinger, C. J., Y. Poudjom Djomani, E. Mbede, and A. Foster, Rifting Archean lithosphere: The Eyasi-Natron-Manyara rifts, East Africa, J. Geol. Soc., in press, 1997.
17. Foster, A., C. Ebinger, E. Mbede, and D. Rex, Tectonic development of the northern Tanzanian sector of the East African rift system, J. Geol. Soc., in press, 1997.
18. Griffiths, D., R. King, M. Khan, and D. Blundell, Seismic refraction line in the Gregory Rift, Nature, 229, 69-71, 1971.
19. Gurrola, H., J. B. Minster, and T. J. Owens, The use of velocity spectrum for stacking receiver functions and imaging mantle discontinuities, Geophys. J. Int., 117, 427-440, 1994.
20. Harkrider , D. G., A. L. Hales, and F. Press, On detecting soft layers in the mantle with Rayleigh waves, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 53, 539-548, 1963.
21. Hay, D. E., R. F. Wendlandt, and G. R. Keller, The origin of Kenya rift plateau - type flood phonolites: Integrated petrologic and geophysical constraints on the evolution of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Kenya rift, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 10,549-10,557, 1995.
22. Hebert, L., and C. A. Langsten, Crustal thickness estimates at AAE (Addia Ababa, Ethiopia), and NAI (Nairobi, Kenya) using P-wave conversions, Tectonophysics. 111, 299-327, 1985.
23. Jones, A. P., J. V. Smith, E. C. Hansen, and J. B. Dawson, Metamorphism, partial melting and K-metasomatism of garnet-scapolite-kyanite granulite xenoliths from Lashaine, Tanzania, J. Geol., 91, 143-165, 1983.
24. Key, R. M., T. J. Charsley, B. Hackman, A. F. Wilkinson, and C. C. Rundle, Superimposed upper Proterozoic collision controlled orogenesis in the Mozambique orogenic belt of Kenya, Precambrian Res., 44, 197-225, 1989.
25. Langston, C. A., Structure under Mount Rainier, Washington, inferred from teleseismic body waves, J. Geophys. Res., 84, 4749-4762, 1979.
26. Langston, C.A., An integrated study of crustal structure and regional wave propagation for southeastern Missouri, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., 84, 105-118, 1994.
27. Langston, C. A., A. A. Nyblade, and T. J. Owens, Regional earthquakes recorded by the Tanzania broadband PASSCAL experiment, Eos Trans. AGU, 76(46), Fall Meet. Suppl., F607, 1995.
28. Last, R.J., Crustal structure of the East African Plateau from receiver functions and Rayleigh wave phase velocity dispersion, M.S. thesis, Dep. of Geosci., Pa . State Univ., University Park, 1996.
29. Lenoir, J. L., J. P. Liegeois., K. Theunissen, and J. Klerkx, The Paleoproterozoic Ubendian shear belt in Tanzania: Geochronology and structure, J. Afr. Earth Sci., 19 (3), 160-184, 1994.
30. Long, R. E., R. W. Backhouse, P. K. H. Maguire, and K. Sundarlingham, The structure of East Africa using the surface wave dispersion and Durham seismic array data, Tectonophysics, 15, 165-178, 1972.
31. Maasha, N., The seismicity of the Ruwenzori region in Uganda, J. Geophys. Res., 80, 1485-1496, 1975.
32. Mueller, S., and K. P. Bonjer, Average structure of the crust and upper mantle in East Africa, Tectonophysics, 20, 238-253, 1973.
33. Nolet, C., and S. Mueller, A model for the deep structure of the East African rift system from the simultaneous inversion of teleseismic data, Tectonophysics, 84, 151-178, 1982.
34. Nyblade, A. A., Heat flow across the East African Plateau, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 2083-2086, 1997.
35. Nyblade, A. A., and C. A. Langston, East African earthquakes below 20 km depth and their implications for crustal structure, Geophys. J. Int., 121, 49-62, 1995.
36. Nyblade, A. A., and H. N. Pollack, A gravity model for the lithosphere in western Kenya and northeastern Tanzania, Tectonophysics, 212, 257-267, 1992.
37. Nyblade. A. A., S. W. Robinson, The African Superswell, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 765-768, 1994.
38. Nyblade, A. A., H. N. Pollack, D. L. Jones, F. Podmore, and M. Mushayandebvu, Terrestrial heat flow in east and southern Africa, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 17,371-17,384, 1990.
39. Nyblade, A. A., C. Birt, C. A. Langston, T. J. Owens, and R. Last, Seismic experiment reveals rifting of craton in Tanzania, Eos Trans. AGU, 77, 517-521, 1996.
40. Owens, T.J., Crustal structure of the Adirondacks determined from teleseismic waveform modeling, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 6391-6401, 1987.
41. Owens, T. J., R. S. Crosson, and M. A. Hendrickson, Constraints on the subduction geometry beneath western Washington from broadband teleseismic waveform modeling, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 78, 1319-1334, 1988.
42. Press, F., D. G. Harkrider, and C. A. Seafeldt, A fast convenient program for computation of surface wave dispersion curves in multilayered media, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 51, 495-502, 1961.
43. Prodehl, C., G. R. Keller, and M. A. Khan (Ed.), Crustal and upper mantle structure of the Kenya rift, Tectonophysics, 236, 483 pp., 1994.
44. Rudnick, R. L., and D. M. Fountain, Nature and composition of the continental crust: A lower crustal perspective, Rev. Geophys., 33, 267-309, 1995.
45. Rykounov, L. N., V. V. Sedov, L. A. Savrina, and V. J. Bourmin, Study of microearthquakes in the rift zones of East Africa, Tectonophysics, 15, 123-130, 1972.
46. Shackleton, R. M., Precambrian collision tectonics in Africa, in Collision Tectonics, edited by M. P. Coward and A. C. Ries, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 19, 329-349, 1986.
47. Shudofsky, G. N., Source mechanisms and focal depths of East African earthquakes using Rayleigh wave inversion and body wave modeling, Geophys. J. R. Astrom. Soc., 83, 563-614, 1986.
48. Shudofsky, G. N., S. Cloetingh, S. Stein, and R. Wortel, Unusually deep earthquakes in East Africa: Constraints on the thermo-mechanical structure of a continental rift system, Geophys. Res. Lett., 14, 41-744, 1987.
49. Tesha, A. L., A. A. Nyblade, G. R. Keller, and D. I. Doser, Rift localization in suture-thickened crust: Evidence from Bouguer gravity anomalies in northeastern Tanzania, East Africa, Tectonophysics, in press, 1997.
50. Theunissen, K., J. Klerkx, A. Melnikov, and A. Mruma, Mechanisms of inheritance of rift faulting in the western branch of the East African Rift, Tanzania, Tectonics, 15, 776-790, 1996.
51. Zandt, G., and C. J. Ammon, Poisson's ratio of Earth's crust, Nature, 374, 152-155, 1995.
52. Zandt, G., S. C. Myers, and T. C. Wallace, Crust and mantle structure across the Basin and Range-Colorado plateau boundary at 37°N latitude and implications for Cenozoic extensional mechanism, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 10,529-10,548, 1995.