Neuromodulation for treatment-resistant depression

F1000 Medicine Reports

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2012, Pages

  Holtzheimer, Paul E ^a   Mayberg, Helen S ^b  

^a DARTMOUTH HITCHCOCK MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRAIN DEPTH STIMULATION; CORPUS STRIATUM; DIRECT CORTICAL STIMULATION; ELECTRIC CURRENT; ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MAGNETIC SEIZURE THERAPY; NERVE STIMULATION; NEUROMODULATION; NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; REMISSION; REVIEW; THERAPY EFFECT; TRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION; TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; TREATMENT RESISTANT DEPRESSION; TREATMENT RESPONSE; VAGUS NERVE STIMULATION;

EID: 84870449048     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17575931     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3410/M4-22     Document Type: Review

References (127)

1. WHO: The global burden of disease: 2004 update. In. Geneva; 2008.
2. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Merikangas KR, Walters EE: Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005, 62:617-27. (Pubitemid 40973437)
3. Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR, Nierenberg AA, Stewart JW, Warden D, Niederehe G, Thase ME, Lavori PW, Lebowitz BD, McGrath PJ, Rosenbaum JF, Sackeim HA, Kupfer DJ, Luther J, Fava M: Acute and longer-term outcomes in depressed outpatients requiring one or several treatment steps: a STAR*D report. Am J Psychiatry 2006, 163:1905-17. (Pubitemid 44807782)
4. Holtzheimer PE, Mayberg HS: Stuck in a rut: rethinking depression and its treatment. Trends Neurosci 2011, 34:1-9.
5. Jasper HH: A historical perspective. The rise and fall of prefrontal lobotomy. Adv Neurol 1995, 66:97-114.
6. Hariz MI, Blomstedt P, Zrinzo L: Deep brain stimulation between 1947 and 1987: the untold story. Neurosurg Focus 2010, 29:E1.
7. Sachdev P, Sachdev J: Sixty years of psychosurgery: its present status and its future. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 1997, 31:457-64. (Pubitemid 27379708)
8. Marino Júnior R, Cosgrove GR: Neurosurgical treatment of neuropsychiatric illness. Psychiatr Clin North Am 1997, 20:933-43.
9. Bini L: Experimental researches on epileptic attacks induced by the electric current. Am J Psychiatry 1938, 94:172-4.
10. Sackeim HA, Haskett RF, Mulsant BH, Thase ME, Mann JJ, Pettinati HM, Greenberg RM, Crowe RR, Cooper TB, Prudic J: Continuation pharmacotherapy in the prevention of relapse following electroconvulsive therapy: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2001, 285:1299-307. (Pubitemid 32216144)
11. Kellner CH, Knapp RG, Petrides G, Rummans TA, Husain MM, Rasmussen K, Mueller M, Bernstein HJ, O'Connor K, Smith G, Biggs M, Bailine SH, Malur C, Yim E, McClintock S, Sampson S, Fink M: Continuation electroconvulsive therapy vs pharmacotherapy for relapse prevention in major depression: a multisite study from the Consortium for Research in Electroconvulsive Therapy (CORE). Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006, 63:1337-44. (Pubitemid 44878518)
12. Spellman T, Peterchev AV, Lisanby SH: Focal electrically administered seizure therapy: a novel form of ECT illustrates the roles of current directionality, polarity, and electrode configuration in seizure induction. Neuropsychopharmacology 2009, 34:2002-10.
13. Mayberg HS: Modulating dysfunctional limbic-cortical circuits in depression: towards development of brain-based algorithms for diagnosis and optimised treatment. Br Med Bull 2003, 65:193-207.
14. Drevets WC, Raichle ME: Neuroanatomical circuits in depression: implications for treatment mechanisms. Psychopharmacol Bull 1992, 28:261-74.
15. George MS, Lisanby SH, Sackeim HA: Transcranial magnetic stimulation: applications in neuropsychiatry. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999, 56:300-11. (Pubitemid 29165173)
16. O'Reardon JP, Solvason HB, Janicak PG, Sampson S, Isenberg KE, Nahas Z, McDonald WM, Avery D, Fitzgerald PB, Loo C, Demitrack MA, George MS, Sackeim HA: Efficacy and safety of transcranial magnetic stimulation in the acute treatment of major depression: a multisite randomized controlled trial. Biol Psychiatry 2007, 62:1208-16. (Pubitemid 350060890)
17. George MS, Lisanby SH, Avery D, McDonald WM, Durkalski V, Pavlicova M, Anderson B, Nahas Z, Bulow P, Zarkowski P, Holtzheimer PE, Schwartz T, Sackeim HA: Daily left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy for major depressive disorder: a sham-controlled randomized trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2010, 67:507-16.
18. Wassermann EM: Risk and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: report and suggested guidelines from the International Workshop on the Safety of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, June 5-7, 1996. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1998, 108:1-16.
19. Burt T, Lisanby SH, Sackeim HA: Neuropsychiatric applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation: a meta analysis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2002, 5:73-103. (Pubitemid 34241070)
20. Holtzheimer PE, Russo J, Avery DH: A meta-analysis of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of depression. Psychopharmacol Bull 2001, 35:149-69.
21. Martin JLR, Barbanoj MJ, Schlaepfer TE, Thompson E, Pérez V, Kulisevsky J: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of depression. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2003, 182:480-91. (Pubitemid 36649193)
22. Kozel FA, George MS: Meta-analysis of left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to treat depression. J Psychiatr Pract 2002, 8:270-5.
23. Schutter DJLG: Antidepressant efficacy of high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in double-blind sham-controlled designs: a meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2009, 39:65-75.
24. Slotema CW, Blom JD, Hoek HW, Sommer IEC: Should we expand the toolbox of psychiatric treatment methods to include Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)? A meta-analysis of the efficacy of rTMS in psychiatric disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 2010, 71:873-84.
25. Schutter DJLG: Quantitative review of the efficacy of slow-frequency magnetic brain stimulation in major depressive disorder. Psychol Med 2010, 40:1789-95.
26. George MS, Wassermann EM, Williams WA, Callahan A, Ketter TA, Basser P, Hallett M, Post RM: Daily repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) improves mood in depression. Neuroreport 1995, 6:1853-6.
27. Klein E, Kreinin I, Chistyakov A, Koren D, Mecz L, Marmur S, Ben-Shachar D, Feinsod M: Therapeutic efficacy of right prefrontal slow repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in major depression: a double-blind controlled study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1999, 56:315-20. (Pubitemid 29165174)
28. Pascual-Leone A, Rubio B, Pallardó F, Catalá MD: Rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in drug-resistant depression. Lancet 1996, 348:233-7. (Pubitemid 26254198)
29. Cho SS, Strafella AP: rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates dopamine release in the ipsilateral anterior cingulate cortex and orbitofrontal cortex. PLoS ONE 2009, 4:e6725.
30. Speer AM, Kimbrell TA, Wassermann EM, D Repella J, Willis MW, Herscovitch P, Post RM: Opposite effects of high and low frequency rTMS on regional brain activity in depressed patients. Biol Psychiatry 2000, 48:1133-41. (Pubitemid 32008437)
31. Grunhaus L, Dannon PN, Schreiber S, Dolberg OH, Amiaz R, Ziv R, Lefkifker E: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is as effective as electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of nondelusional major depressive disorder: an open study. Biol Psychiatry 2000, 47:314-24. (Pubitemid 30109244)
32. Grunhaus L, Schreiber S, Dolberg OT, Polak D, Dannon PN: A randomized controlled comparison of electroconvulsive therapy and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in severe and resistant nonpsychotic major depression. Biol Psychiatry 2003, 53:324-31. (Pubitemid 36175546)
33. Janicak PG, Dowd S, Rado J, Welch MJ, Fogg L, O'Reardon J, Avery D, Coffey CE, Sampson S, Boutros N: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation versus electroconvulsive therapy: efficacy of treatment in nonpsychotic patients with depression. Am J Psychiatry 2007, 164:1118; author reply 1118-9.
34. Pridmore S, Bruno R, Turnier-Shea Y, Reid P, Rybak M: Comparison of unlimited numbers of rapid transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and ECT treatment sessions in major depressive episode. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2000, 3:129-34. (Pubitemid 30429356)
35. Eranti S, Mogg A, Pluck G, Landau S, Purvis R, Brown RG, Howard R, Knapp M, Philpot M, Rabe-Hesketh S, Romeo R, Rothwell J, Edwards D, McLoughlin DM: A randomized, controlled trial with 6-month follow-up of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroconvulsive therapy for severe depression. Am J Psychiatry 2007, 164:73-81. (Pubitemid 46154785)
36. Knapp M, Romeo R, Mogg A, Eranti S, Pluck G, Purvis R, Brown RG, Howard R, Philpot M, Rothwell J, Edwards D, McLoughlin DM: Cost-effectiveness of transcranial magnetic stimulation vs. electroconvulsive therapy for severe depression: a multi-centre randomised controlled trial. J Affect Disord 2008, 109:273-85.
37. Rosa MA, Gattaz WF, Pascual-Leone A, Fregni F, Rosa MO, Rumi DO, Myczkowski M, Silva MF, Mansur C, Rigonatti SP, Jacobsen Teixeira M, Marcolin MA: Comparison of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroconvulsive therapy in unipolar nonpsychotic refractory depression: a randomized, single-blind study. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2006, 9:667-76. (Pubitemid 46127398)
38. Hansen PEB, Ravnkilde B, Videbech P, Clemmensen K, Sturlason R, Reiner M, Parner E, Rosenberg R, Vestergaard P: Low-frequency repetitive transcranialmagnetic stimulation inferior to electroconvulsive therapy in treating depression. J ECT 2011, 27:26-32.
39. Fitzgerald PB: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is not as effective as electroconvulsive therapy for major depression. Evid Based Ment Health 2007, 10:78.
40. Keshtkar M, Ghanizadeh A, Firoozabadi A: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation versus electroconvulsive therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder, a randomized controlled clinical trial. J ECT 2011, 27:310-4.
41. Kim DR, Epperson N, Paré E, Gonzalez JM, Parry S, Thase ME, Cristancho P, Sammel MD, O'Reardon JP: An open label pilot study of transcranial magnetic stimulation for pregnant women with major depressive disorder. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2011, 20:255-61.
42. Garcia KS, Flynn P, Pierce KJ, Caudle M: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treats postpartum depression. Brain Stimul 2010, 3:36-41.
43. Nahas Z, Molloy MA, Hughes PL, Oliver NC, Arana GW, Risch SC, George MS: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: perspectives for application in the treatment of bipolar and unipolar disorders. Bipolar Disord 1999, 1:73-80.
44. Zhang X, Liu K, Sun J, Zheng Z: Safety and feasibility of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a treatment for major depression during pregnancy. Arch Womens Ment Health 2010, 13:369-70.
45. Klirova M, Novak T, Kopecek M, Mohr P, Strunzova V: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in major depressive episode during pregnancy. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2008, 29:69-70.
46. Croarkin PE, Wall CA, McClintock SM, Kozel FA, Husain MM, Sampson SM: The emerging role for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in optimizing the treatment of adolescent depression. J ECT 2010, 26:323-9.
47. D'Agati D, Bloch Y, Levkovitz Y, Reti I: rTMS for adolescents: Safety and efficacy considerations. Psychiatry Res 2010, 177:280-5.
48. Bloch Y, Grisaru N, Harel EV, Beitler G, Faivel N, Ratzoni G, Stein D, Levkovitz Y: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of depression in adolescents: an open-label study. J ECT 2008, 24:156-9.
49. Quintana H: Transcranial magnetic stimulation in persons younger than the age of 18. J ECT 2005, 21:88-95.
50. Loo C, McFarquhar T, Walter G: Transcranial magnetic stimulation in adolescent depression. Australas Psychiatry 2006, 14:81-5.
51. Walter G, Tormos JM, Israel JA, Pascual-Leone A: Transcranial magnetic stimulation in young persons: a review of known cases. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2001, 11:69-75. (Pubitemid 32295185)
52. Figiel GS, Epstein C, McDonald WM, Amazon-Leece J, Figiel L, Saldivia A, Glover S: The use of rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in refractory depressed patients. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1998, 10:20-5. (Pubitemid 28135119)
53. Milev R, Abraham G, Hasey G, Cabaj JL: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of medication-resistant depression in older adults: a case series. J ECT 2009, 25:44-9.
54. Abraham G, Milev R, Lazowski L, Jokic R, Du Toit R, Lowe A: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of elderly patients with depression - an open label trial. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2007, 3:919-24.
55. Jorge RE, Robinson RG, Tateno A, Narushima K, Acion L, Moser D, Arndt S, Chemerinski E: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as treatment of poststroke depression: a preliminary study. Biol Psychiatry 2004, 55:398-405. (Pubitemid 38199990)
56. Jorge RE, Moser DJ, Acion L, Robinson RG: Treatment of vascular depression using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2008, 65:268-76. (Pubitemid 351342443)
57. Fabre I, Galinowski A, Oppenheim C, Gallarda T, Meder JF, Montigny C de, Olié JP, Poirier MF: Antidepressant efficacy and cognitive effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in vascular depression: an open trial. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2004, 19:833-42. (Pubitemid 39242888)
58. Dannon PN, Dolberg OT, Schreiber S, Grunhaus L: Three and six-month outcome following courses of either ECT or rTMS in a population of severely depressed individuals-preliminary report. Biol Psychiatry 2002, 51:687-90. (Pubitemid 34310507)
59. Avery DH, Holtzheimer PE, Fawaz W, Russo J, Neumaier J, Dunner DL, Haynor DR, Claypoole KH, Wajdik C, Roy-Byrne P: A controlled study of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in medication-resistant major depression. Biol Psychiatry 2006, 59:187-94. (Pubitemid 43117509)
60. Mantovani A, Pavlicova M, Avery D, Nahas Z, McDonald WM, Wajdik CD, Holtzheimer PE, George MS, Sackeim HA, Lisanby SH: Long-term efficacy of repeated daily prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in treatment-resistant depression. Depress Anxiety 2012, 29:883-90.
61. Janicak PG, Nahas Z, Lisanby SH, Solvason HB, Sampson SM, McDonald WM, Marangell LB, Rosenquist P, McCall WV, Kimball J, O'Reardon JP, Loo C, Husain MH, Krystal A, Gilmer W, Dowd SM, Demitrack MA, Schatzberg AF: Durability of clinical benefit with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the treatment of pharmacoresistant major depression: assessment of relapse during a 6-month, multisite, open-label study. Brain Stimul 2010, 3:187-99.
62. Demirtas-Tatlidede A, Mechanic-Hamilton D, Press DZ, Pearlman C, Stern WM, Thall M, Pascual-Leone A: An open-label, prospective study of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the long-term treatment of refractory depression: reproducibility and duration of the antidepressant effect in medication-free patients. J Clin Psychiatry 2008, 69:930-4. (Pubitemid 351944945)
63. Dragasevic N, Potrebić A, Damjanović A, Stefanova E, Kostić VS: Therapeutic efficacy of bilateral prefrontal slow repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in depressed patients with Parkinson's disease: an open study. Mov Disord 2002, 17:528-32.
64. Loo CK, Mitchell PB, Croker VM, Malhi GS, Wen W, Gandevia SC, Sachdev PS: Double-blind controlled investigation of bilateral prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of resistant major depression. Psychol Med 2003, 33:33-40. (Pubitemid 36113398)
65. Conca A, Di Pauli J, Beraus W, Hausmann A, Peschina W, Schneider H, König P, Hinterhuber H: Combining high and low frequencies in rTMS antidepressive treatment: preliminary results. Hum Psychopharmacol 2002, 17:353-6. (Pubitemid 35189819)
66. Fitzgerald PB, Benitez J, Castella A de, Daskalakis ZJ, Brown TL, Kulkarni J: A randomized, controlled trial of sequential bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Am J Psychiatry 2006, 163:88-94. (Pubitemid 43050108)
67. Hausmann A, Kemmler G, Walpoth M, Mechtcheriakov S, Kramer-Reinstadler K, Lechner T, Walch T, Deisenhammer EA, Kofler M, Rupp CI, Hinterhuber H, Conca A: No benefit derived from repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in depression: a prospective, single centre, randomised, double blind, sham controlled "add on" trial. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 2004, 75:320-2. (Pubitemid 38183551)
68. McDonald WM, Easley K, Byrd EH, Holtzheimer P, Tuohy S, Woodard JL, Beyer K, Epstein CM: Combination rapid transcranial magnetic stimulation in treatment refractory depression. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2006, 2:85-94.
69. Fadini T, Matthäus L, Rothkegel H, Sommer M, Tergau F, Schweikard A, Paulus W, Nitsche MA: H-coil: Induced electric field properties and input/output curves on healthy volunteers, comparison with a standard figure-of-eight coil. Clin Neurophysiol 2009, 120:1174-82.
70. Harel EV, Zangen A, Roth Y, Reti I, Braw Y, Levkovitz Y: H-coil repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of bipolar depression: an add-on, safety and feasibility study. World J Biol Psychiatry 2011, 12:119-26.
71. Levkovitz Y, Roth Y, Harel EV, Braw Y, Sheer A, Zangen A: A randomized controlled feasibility and safety study of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2007, 118:2730-44. (Pubitemid 350180620)
72. Zangen A, Roth Y, Voller B, Hallett M: Transcranial magnetic stimulation of deep brain regions: evidence for efficacy of the H-coil. Clin Neurophysiol 2005, 116:775-9. (Pubitemid 40431994)
73. Levkovitz Y, Harel EV, Roth Y, Braw Y, Most D, Katz LN, Sheer A, Gersner R, Zangen A: Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation over the prefrontal cortex: evaluation of antidepressant and cognitive effects in depressive patients. Brain Stimul 2009, 2:188-200.
74. Holzer M, Padberg F: Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) ameliorates therapy-resistant depression: a case series. Brain Stimul 2010, 3:181-3.
75. Wu C, Tsai C, Lu M, Chen C, Shen W, Su K: Theta-burst repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder with concomitant depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2010, 71:504-6.
76. Chistyakov AV, Rubicsek O, Kaplan B, Zaaroor M, Klein E: Safety, tolerability and preliminary evidence for antidepressant efficacy of theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with major depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2010, 13:387-93.
77. Hadley D, Anderson BS, Borckardt JJ, Arana A, Li X, Nahas Z, George MS: Safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of high doses of adjunctive daily left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression in a clinical setting. J ECT 2011, 27:18-25.
78. Holtzheimer PE, McDonald WM, Mufti M, Kelley ME, Quinn S, Corso G, Epstein CM: Accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Depress Anxiety 2010, 27:960-3.
79. Nitsche MA, Boggio PS, Fregni F, Pascual-Leone A: Treatment of depression with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): a review. Exp Neurol 2009, 219:14-9.
80. Poreisz C, Boros K, Antal A, Paulus W: Safety aspects of transcranial direct current stimulation concerning healthy subjects and patients. Brain Res Bull 2007, 72:208-14. (Pubitemid 46602748)
81. Arul-Anandam AP, Loo C, Mitchell P: Induction of hypomanic episode with transcranial direct current stimulation. J ECT 2010, 26:68-9.
82. Fregni F, Boggio PS, Nitsche MA, Marcolin MA, Rigonatti SP, Pascual-Leone A: Treatment of major depression with transcranial direct current stimulation. Bipolar Disord 2006, 8:203-4. (Pubitemid 44026775)
83. Loo CK, Sachdev P, Martin D, Pigot M, Alonzo A, Malhi GS, Lagopoulos J, Mitchell P: A double-blind, sham-controlled trial of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2010, 13:61-9.
84. Requena Caballero L, Vázquez López F, Requena Caballero C, Urrutia Hernando S, Sánchez López M, Sánchez Yus E, Hernández Moro B: Metastatic umbilical cancer-Sister Mary Joseph's nodule: report of two cases. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1988, 14:664-7.
85. Loo CK, Alonzo A, Martin D, Mitchell PB, Galvez V, Sachdev P: Transcranial direct current stimulation for depression: 3-week, randomised, sham-controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2012, 200:52-9.
86. Dell'Osso B, Priori A, Altamura AC: Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation in major depression. Biol Psychiatry 2011, 69:e23-4.
87. Palm U, Schiller C, Fintescu Z, Obermeier M, Keeser D, Reisinger E, Pogarell O, Nitsche MA, Möller H, Padberg F: Transcranial direct current stimulation in treatment resistant depression: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Brain Stimul 2012, 5:242-51.
88. Brunoni AR, Valiengo L, Baccaro A, Zanao TA, Oliveira JF de, Vieira GP, Bueno VF, Goulart AC, Boggio PS, Lotufo PA, Bensenor IM, Fregni F: Sertraline vs. ELectrical Current Therapy for Treating Depression Clinical Trial-SELECT TDCS: design, rationale and objectives. Contemp Clin Trials 2011, 32:90-8.
89. Martiny K, Lunde M, Bech P: Transcranial low voltage pulsed electromagnetic fields in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry 2010, 68:163-9.
90. Lisanby SH, Luber B, Schlaepfer TE, Sackeim HA: Safety and feasibility of magnetic seizure therapy (MST) in major depression: randomized within-subject comparison with electroconvulsive therapy. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003, 28:1852-65. (Pubitemid 41070851)
91. Kosel M, Frick C, Lisanby SH, Fisch H, Schlaepfer TE: Magnetic seizure therapy improves mood in refractory major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2003, 28:2045-8. (Pubitemid 37412114)
92. Baines CJ, Christen A, Simard A, Wall C, Dean D, Duncan L, Edward P, Fryer ML, Grégoire LB, May C: The National Breast Screening Study: pre-recruitment sources of awareness in participants. Can J Public Health 1989, 80:221-5. (Pubitemid 19178136)
93. White PF, Amos Q, Zhang Y, Stool L, Husain MM, Thornton L, Downing M, McClintock S, Lisanby SH: Anesthetic considerations for magnetic seizure therapy: a novel therapy for severe depression. Anesth Analg 2006, 103:76-80, table of contents. (Pubitemid 44036035)
94. Kayser S, Bewernick BH, Grubert C, Hadrysiewicz BL, Axmacher N, Schlaepfer TE: Antidepressant effects, of magnetic seizure therapy and electroconvulsive therapy, in treatment-resistant depression. J Psychiatr Res 2011, 45:569-76.
95. Elger G, Hoppe C, Falkai P, Rush AJ, Elger CE: Vagus nerve stimulation is associated with mood improvements in epilepsy patients. Epilepsy Res 2000, 42:203-10.
96. Harden CL, Pulver MC, Ravdin LD, Nikolov B, Halper JP, Labar DR: A Pilot Study of Mood in Epilepsy Patients Treated with Vagus Nerve Stimulation. Epilepsy Behav 2000, 1:93-9.
97. Nemeroff CB, Mayberg HS, Krahl SE, McNamara J, Frazer A, Henry TR, George MS, Charney DS, Brannan SK: VNS therapy in treatment-resistant depression: clinical evidence and putative neurobiological mechanisms. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006, 31:1345-55.
98. Sackeim HA, Rush AJ, George MS, Marangell LB, Husain MM, Nahas Z, Johnson CR, Seidman S, Giller C, Haines S, Simpson RK, Goodman RR: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for treatment-resistant depression: efficacy, side effects, and predictors of outcome. Neuropsychopharmacology 2001, 25:713-28. (Pubitemid 32995954)
99. Schlaepfer TE, Frick C, Zobel A, Maier W, Heuser I, Bajbouj M, O'Keane V, Corcoran C, Adolfsson R, Trimble M, Rau H, Hoff H, Padberg F, Müller-Siecheneder F, Audenaert K, van den Abbeele D, Matthews K, Christmas D, Stanga Z, Hasdemir M: Vagus nerve stimulation for depression: efficacy and safety in a European study. Psychol Med 2008, 38:651-61. (Pubitemid 351483238)
100. Rush AJ, Sackeim HA, Marangell LB, George MS, Brannan SK, Davis SM, Lavori P, Howland R, Kling MA, Rittberg B, Carpenter L, Ninan P, Moreno F, Schwartz T, Conway C, Burke M, Barry JJ: Effects of 12 months of vagus nerve stimulation in treatment-resistant depression: a naturalistic study. Biol Psychiatry 2005, 58:355-63. (Pubitemid 41219703)
101. Marangell LB, Rush AJ, George MS, Sackeim HA, Johnson CR, Husain MM, Nahas Z, Lisanby SH: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for major depressive episodes: one year outcomes. Biol Psychiatry 2002, 51:280-7. (Pubitemid 34214993)
102. Nahas Z, Marangell LB, Husain MM, Rush AJ, Sackeim HA, Lisanby SH, Martinez JM, George MS: Two-year outcome of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for treatment of major depressive episodes. J Clin Psychiatry 2005, 66:1097-104. (Pubitemid 41442274)
103. Cristancho P, Cristancho MA, Baltuch GH, Thase ME, O'Reardon JP: Effectiveness and safety of vagus nerve stimulation for severe treatment-resistant major depression in clinical practice after FDA approval: outcomes at 1 year. J Clin Psychiatry 2011, 72:1376-82.
104. Rush AJ, Marangell LB, Sackeim HA, George MS, Brannan SK, Davis SM, Howland R, Kling MA, Rittberg BR, Burke WJ, Rapaport MH, Zajecka J, Nierenberg AA, Husain MM, Ginsberg D, Cooke RG: Vagus nerve stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a randomized, controlled acute phase trial. Biol Psychiatry 2005, 58:347-54. (Pubitemid 41219702)
105. George MS, Rush AJ, Marangell LB, Sackeim HA, Brannan SK, Davis SM, Howland R, Kling MA, Moreno F, Rittberg B, Dunner D, Schwartz T, Carpenter L, Burke M, Ninan P, Goodnick P: A one-year comparison of vagus nerve stimulation with treatment as usual for treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry 2005, 58:364-73. (Pubitemid 41219704)
106. Sackeim HA, Brannan SK, Rush AJ, George MS, Marangell LB, Allen J: Durability of antidepressant response to vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2007, 10:817-26. (Pubitemid 350035822)
107. Bajbouj M, Merkl A, Schlaepfer TE, Frick C, Zobel A, Maier W, O'Keane V, Corcoran C, Adolfsson R, Trimble M, Rau H, Hoff H, Padberg F, Müller-Siecheneder F, Audenaert K, van den Abbeele D, Matthews K, Christmas D, Eljamel S, Heuser I: Two-year outcome of vagus nerve stimulation in treatment-resistant depression. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2010, 30:273-81.
108. Moreines JL, McClintock SM, Holtzheimer PE: Neuropsychologic effects of neuromodulation techniques for treatment-resistant depression: a review. Brain Stimul 2011, 4:17-27.
109. Helmstaedter C, Hoppe C, Elger CE: Memory alterations during acute high-intensity vagus nerve stimulation. Epilepsy Res 2001, 47:37-42. (Pubitemid 32973646)
110. Nahas Z, Anderson BS, Borckardt J, Arana AB, George MS, Reeves ST, Takacs I: Bilateral epidural prefrontal cortical stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry 2010, 67:101-9.
111. Kopell BH, Halverson J, Butson CR, Dickinson M, Bobholz J, Harsch H, Rainey C, Kondziolka D, Howland R, Eskandar E, Evans KC, Dougherty DD: Epidural cortical stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for refractory major depressive disorder. Neurosurgery 2011, 69:1015-29; discussion 1029.
112. Greenberg BD, Gabriels LA, Malone DA, Rezai AR, Friehs GM, Okun MS, Shapira NA, Foote KD, Cosyns PR, Kubu CS, Malloy PF, Salloway SP, Giftakis JE, Rise MT, Machado AG, Baker KB, Stypulkowski PH, Goodman WK, Rasmussen SA, Nuttin BJ: Deep brain stimulation of the ventral internal capsule/ventral striatum for obsessive-compulsive disorder: worldwide experience. Mol Psychiatry 2010, 15:64-79.
113. Mayberg HS: Targeted electrode-based modulation of neural circuits for depression. J Clin Invest 2009, 119:717-25.
114. Mayberg HS, Lozano AM, Voon V, McNeely HE, Seminowicz D, Hamani C, Schwalb JM, Kennedy SH: Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Neuron 2005, 45:651-60. (Pubitemid 40320700)
115. Lozano AM, Mayberg HS, Giacobbe P, Hamani C, Craddock RC, Kennedy SH: Subcallosal cingulate gyrus deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry 2008, 64:461-7.
116. Lozano AM, Giacobbe P, Hamani C, Rizvi SJ, Kennedy SH, Kolivakis TT, Debonnel G, Sadikot AF, Lam RW, Howard AK, Ilcewicz-Klimek M, Honey CR, Mayberg HS: A multicenter pilot study of subcallosal cingulate area deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. J Neurosurg 2012, 116:315-22.
117. Kennedy SH, Giacobbe P, Rizvi SJ, Placenza FM, Nishikawa Y, Mayberg HS, Lozano AM: Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: follow-up after 3 to 6 years. Am J Psychiatry 2011, 168:502-10.
118. Holtzheimer PE, Kelley ME, Gross RE, Filkowski MM, Garlow SJ, Barrocas A, Wint D, Craighead MC, Kozarsky J, Chismar R, Moreines JL, Mewes K, Posse PR, Gutman DA, Mayberg HS: Subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant unipolar and bipolar depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2012, 69:150-8.
119. Puigdemont D, Pérez-Egea R, Portella MJ, Molet J, Diego-Adeliño J de, Gironell A, Radua J, Gómez-Anson B, Rodríguez R, Serra M, Quintana C de, Artigas F, Alvarez E, Pérez V: Deep brain stimulation of the subcallosal cingulate gyrus: further evidence in treatment-resistant major depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2011:1-13.
120. Guinjoan SM, Mayberg HS, Costanzo EY, Fahrer RD, Tenca E, Antico J, Cerquetti D, Smyth E, Leiguarda RC, Nemeroff CB: Asymmetrical contribution of brain structures to treatment-resistant depression as illustrated by effects of right subgenual cingulum stimulation. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2010, 22:265-77.
121. McNeely HE, Mayberg HS, Lozano AM, Kennedy SH: Neuropsychological impact of Cg25 deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: preliminary results over 12 months. J Nerv Ment Dis 2008, 196:405-10. (Pubitemid 351684751)
122. Malone DA, Dougherty DD, Rezai AR, Carpenter LL, Friehs GM, Eskandar EN, Rauch SL, Rasmussen SA, Machado AG, Kubu CS, Tyrka AR, Price LH, Stypulkowski PH, Giftakis JE, Rise MT, Malloy PF, Salloway SP, Greenberg BD: Deep brain stimulation of the ventral capsule/ventral striatum for treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry 2009, 65:267-75.
123. Bewernick BH, Hurlemann R, Matusch A, Kayser S, Grubert C, Hadrysiewicz B, Axmacher N, Lemke M, Cooper-Mahkorn D, Cohen MX, Brockmann H, Lenartz D, Sturm V, Schlaepfer TE: Nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation decreases ratings of depression and anxiety in treatment-resistant depression. Biol Psychiatry 2010, 67:110-6.
124. Bewernick BH, Kayser S, Sturm V, Schlaepfer TE: Long-term effects of nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation in treatmentresistant depression: evidence for sustained efficacy. Neuropsychopharmacology 2012, 37:1975-85.
125. Schlaepfer TE, Cohen MX, Frick C, Kosel M, Brodesser D, Axmacher N, Joe AY, Kreft M, Lenartz D, Sturm V: Deep brain stimulation to reward circuitry alleviates anhedonia in refractory major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2008, 33:368-77. (Pubitemid 350243349)
126. Jiménez F, Velasco F, Salin-Pascual R, Hernández JA, Velasco M, Criales JL, Nicolini H: A patient with a resistant major depression disorder treated with deep brain stimulation in the inferior thalamic peduncle. Neurosurgery 2005, 57:585-93; discussion 585-93.
127. Sartorius A, Kiening KL, Kirsch P, Gall CC von, Haberkorn U, Unterberg AW, Henn FA, Meyer-Lindenberg A: Remission of major depression under deep brain stimulation of the lateral habenula in a therapy-refractory patient. Biol Psychiatry 2010, 67:e9-e11.