The importance of nanocrystal precursor conversion kinetics: Mechanism of the reaction between cadmium carboxylate and cadmium bis(diphenyldithiophosphinate)

ACS Nano

Volumn 6, Issue 11, 2012, Pages 10054-10062

  Hendricks, Mark P ^a   Cossairt, Brandi M ^a,b   Owen, Jonathan S ^a  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

cadmium bis(diphenyldithiophosphinate); cadmium sulfide; growth kinetics; nanocrystal synthesis; quantum dot synthesis; secondary phosphine chalcogenide; size distribution focusing

Indexed keywords

BALANCED CHEMICAL EQUATIONS; BAND EDGE; CADMIUM SULFIDE NANOCRYSTALS; CDS NANOCRYSTALS; CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS; CO-PRODUCTS; CONVERSION REACTIONS; NANOCRYSTAL SYNTHESIS; NARROW SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; PRECURSOR CONVERSION; QUANTITATIVE YIELDS; QUANTUM DOT SYNTHESIS; REACTION CONDITIONS; SECONDARY PHOSPHINE SULFIDES; SECONDARY PHOSPHINES; SURFACE TERMINATION; UV-VISIBLE;

CADMIUM COMPOUNDS; CADMIUM SULFIDE; CARBOXYLATION; GROWTH KINETICS; KINETICS; LIGHT ABSORPTION; NANOCRYSTALS; PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; REACTION KINETICS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; SULFUR; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

CADMIUM;

CADMIUM DERIVATIVE; CADMIUM SULFIDE; NANOMATERIAL; PHOSPHINE DERIVATIVE; SULFIDE;

ARTICLE; CHEMISTRY; CONFORMATION; CRYSTALLIZATION; MACROMOLECULE; MATERIALS TESTING; METHODOLOGY; PARTICLE SIZE; SURFACE PROPERTY; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

CADMIUM COMPOUNDS; CRYSTALLIZATION; MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES; MATERIALS TESTING; MOLECULAR CONFORMATION; NANOSTRUCTURES; PARTICLE SIZE; PHOSPHINES; SULFIDES; SURFACE PROPERTIES;

EID: 84870399677     PISSN: 19360851     EISSN: 1936086X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/nn303769h     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Burda, C.; Chen, X.; Narayanan, R.; El-Sayed, M. A. Chemistry and Properties of Nanocrystals of Different Shapes Chem. Rev. 2005, 105, 1025-1102
2. Schliehe, C.; Juarez, B. H.; Pelletier, M.; Jander, S.; Greshnykh, D.; Nagel, M.; Meyer, A.; Foerster, S.; Kornowski, A.; Klinke, C. et al. Ultrathin PbS Sheets by Two-Dimensional Oriented Attachment Science 2010, 329, 550-553
3. Ithurria, S.; Bousquet, G.; Dubertret, B. Continuous Transition from 3D to 1D Confinement Observed during the Formation of CdSe Nanoplatelets J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 3070-3077
4. Ruberu, T. P. A.; Albright, H. R.; Callis, B.; Ward, B.; Cisneros, J.; Fan, H.-J.; Vela, J. Molecular Control of the Nanoscale: Effect of Phosphine-Chalcogenide Reactivity on CdS-CdSe Nanocrystal Composition and Morphology ACS Nano 2012, 6, 5348-5359
5. Reiss, P.; Protiere, M.; Li, L. Core/Shell Semiconductor Nanocrystals Small 2009, 5, 154-168
6. Carbone, L.; Nobile, C.; De Giorgi, M.; Sala, F. D.; Morello, G.; Pompa, P.; Hytch, M.; Snoeck, E.; Fiore, A.; Franchini, I. R. et al. Synthesis and Micrometer-Scale Assembly of Colloidal CdSe/CdS Nanorods Prepared by a Seeded Growth Approach ACS Nano 2007, 7, 2942-2950
7. Talapin, D. V.; Nelson, J. H.; Shevchenko, E. V.; Aloni, S.; Sadtler, B.; Alivisatos, A. P. Seeded Growth of Highly Luminescent CdSe/CdS Nanoheterostructures with Rod and Tetrapod Morphologies ACS Nano 2007, 7, 2951-2959
8. Norris, D. J.; Efros, A. L.; Erwin, S. C. Doped Nanocrystals Science 2008, 319, 1776-1779
9. Chen, Y.; Vela, J.; Htoon, H.; Casson, J. L.; Werder, D. J.; Bussian, D. A.; Klimov, V. I.; Hollingsworth, J. A. "Giant" Multishell CdSe Nanocrystal Quantum Dots with Suppressed Blinking J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 5026
10. Wang, X.; Ren, X.; Kahen, K.; Hahn, M. A.; Rajeswaran, M.; Maccagnano-Zacher, S.; Silcox, J.; Cragg, G. E.; Efros, A. L.; Krauss, T. D. Non-Blinking Semiconductor Nanocrystals Nat. Mater. 2009, 459, 686-689
11. Yang, J.; Hyun, B.-R.; Basile, A. J.; Wise, F. W. Exciton Relaxation in PbSe Nanorods ACS Nano 2012, 8120-8127
12. Cunningham, P. D.; Boercker, J. E.; Foos, E. E.; Lumb, M. P.; Smith, A. R.; Tischler, J. G.; Melinger, J. S. Enhanced Multiple Exciton Generation in Quasi-One-Dimensional Semiconductors ACS Nano 2011, 11, 3476-3481
13. LaMer, V. K.; Dinegar, R. H. Theory, Production and Mechanism of Formation of Monodispersed Hydrosols J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1950, 72, 4847-4854
14. Sugimoto, T. Preparation of Monodispersed Colloidal Particles Adv. Colloid Interface 1987, 28, 65-108
15. Owen, J. S.; Chan, E. M.; Liu, H.; Alivisatos, A. P. Precursor Conversion Kinetics and the Nucleation of Cadmium Selenide Nanocrystals J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 18206-18213
16. Li, Z.; Ji, Y.; Xie, R.; Grisham, S.; Peng, X. Correlation of CdS Nanocrystal Formation with Elemental Sulfur Activation and Its Implication in Synthetic Development J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 17248-17256
17. Abe, S.; Čapek, R. K.; De Geyter, B.; Hens, Z. Tuning the Postfocused Size of Colloidal Nanocrystals by the Reaction Rate: From Theory to Application ACS Nano 2012, 6, 42-53
18. Wang, F.; Buhro, W. Morphology Control of Cadmium Selenide Nanocrystals: Insights into the Roles of Di- n -octylphosphine Oxide (DOPO) and Di- n -octylphosphinic Acid (DOPA) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 5369-5380
19. Sugimoto, T.; Shiba, F. Spontaneous Nucleation Of Monodisperse Silver Halide Particles from Homogeneous Gelatin Solution II: Silver Bromide Colloid Surf., A 2000, 164, 205-215
20. Sugimoto, T.; Shiba, F.; Sekiguchi, T.; Itoh, H. Spontaneous Nucleation of Monodisperse Silver Halide Particles from Homogeneous Gelatin Solution I: Silver Chloride Colloid Surf., A 2000, 164, 183-203
21. Ghosh, Y.; Mangum, B. D.; Casson, J. L.; Williams, D. J.; Htoon, H.; Hollingsworth, J. A. New Insights into the Complexities of Shell Growth and the Strong Influence of Particle Volume in Nonblinking "Giant" Core/Shell Nanocrystal Quantum Dots J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 9634-9643
22. Steckel, J. S.; Yen, B. K. H.; Oertel, D. C.; Bawendi, M. G. On the Mechanism of Lead Chalcogenide Nanocrystal Formation J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 13032-13033
23. Liu, H.; Owen, J. S.; Alivisatos, A. P. Mechanistic Study of Precursor Evolution in Colloidal Group II-VI Semiconductor Nanocrystal Synthesis J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 305-312
24. Evans, C. M.; Evans, M. E.; Krauss, T. D. Mysteries of TOPSe Revealed: Insights into Quantum Dot Nucleation J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 10973-10975
25. Garcia-Rodriguez, R.; Liu, H. Mechanistic Study of the Synthesis of CdSe Nanocrystals: Release of Selenium J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 1400-1403
26. Yu, K.; Hrdina, A.; Zhang, X.; Ouyang, J.; Leek, D. M.; Wu, X.; Gong, M.; Wilkinson, D.; Li, C. Highly-Photoluminescent ZnSe Nanocrystals via a Non-Injection-Based Approach with Precursor Reactivity Elevated by a Secondary Phosphine Chem. Commun. 2011, 47, 8811-8813
27. Joo, J.; Pietryga, J. M.; McGuire, J. A.; Jeon, S.-H.; Williams, D. J.; Wang, H.-L.; Klimov, V. I. A Reduction Pathway in the Synthesis of PbSe Nanocrystal Quantum Dots J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 10620-10628
28. Yu, K.; Ouyang, J.; Leek, D. M. In-Situ Observation of Nucleation and Growth of PbSe Magic-Sized Nanoclusters and Regular Nanocrystals Small 2011, 7, 2250-2262
29. Cossairt, B. M.; Owen, J. S. CdSe Clusters: At the Interface of Small Molecules and Quantum Dots Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 3114-3119
30. Lawton, S.; Kokotailo, G. Crystal and Molecular Structures of Zinc and Cadmium O,O-Diisopropylphosphorodithioates Inorg. Chem. 1969, 2410-2421
31. Kuchen, W.; Hertel, H. Metal Complexes of Thiophosphinic and Selenophosphinic Acids Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1969, 8, 89-97
32. Cavell, R.; Day, E.; Byers, W.; Watkins, P. Metal Complexes of Substituted Dithiophosphinic Acids. V. Complexes of Manganese, Iron, and Cobalt Inorg. Chem. 1972, 11, 1759-1772
33. Annan, T. A.; Kumar, R.; Tuck, D. G. Direct Electrochemical Synthesis and Crystallographic Characterization of Metal Diphenylphosphido and Diphenylthiophosphinato Compounds, and Some Derivatives J. Chem. Soc. Dalton 1991, 11-18
34. Haiduc, I.; Sowerby, D.; Shao-Fang, L. Stereochemical Aspects of Phosphor-1,1-dithiolato Metal Complexes: Coordination Patterns, Molecular Structures and Supramolecular Associations in Dithiophosphinates and Related Compounds Polyhedron 1996, 15, 2469-2521
35. Byrom, C.; Malik, M. A.; O'Brien, P.; White, A.; Williams, D. Synthesis and X-Ray Single Crystal Structures Of Bis(diisobutyldithiophosphinato) cadmium(II) or Zinc(II): Potential Single-Source Precursors for II/VI Materials Polyhedron 2000, 19, 211-215
36. 2] Chem. Commun. 2006, 2182-2184
37. Nguyen, C.; Afzaal, M.; Malik, M. A.; Helliwell, M.; Raftery, J.; O'Brien, P. Novel Inorganic Rings and Materials Deposition J. Organomet. Chem. 2007, 692, 2669-2677
38. Malik, M. A.; Afzaal, M.; O'Brien, P. Precursor Chemistry for Main Group Elements in Semiconducting Materials Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 4417-4446
39. Akhtar, J.; Afzaal, M.; Vincent, M. A.; Burton, N. A.; Raftery, J.; Hillier, I. H.; O'Brien, P. Understanding the Decomposition Pathways of Mixed Sulfur/Selenium Lead Phosphinato Complexes Explaining the Formation of Lead Selenide J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 16904-16909
40. Pitts, J.; Robinson, M.; Trotz, S. The Characteristics of Several New Metal Phosphinate Complexes J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 1968, 30, 1299-1308
41. Dakternieks, D. Phosphorus-31 and Cadmium-113 NMR Studies of Cadmium (II) Complexes with Some Tertiary Phosphines Aust. J. Chem. 1982, 35, 469-481
42. Yu, W.; Qu, L.; Guo, W.; Peng, X. Experimental Determination of the Extinction Coefficient of CdTe, CdSe, and CdS Nanocrystals Chem. Mater. 2003, 15, 2854-2860
43. Cao, Y. C.; Wang, J. One-Pot Synthesis of High-Quality Zinc-Blende CdS Nanocrystals J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 14336-14337
44. Joo, J.; Na, H.; Yu, T.; Yu, J.; Kim, Y.; Wu, F.; Zhang, J.; Hyeon, T. Generalized and Facile Synthesis of Semiconducting Metal Sulfide Nanocrystals J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 11100-11105
45. Liu, X.; Jiang, Y.; Lan, X.; Li, S.; Wu, D.; Han, T.; Zhong, H.; Zhang, Z. Synthesis of High Quality and Stability CdS Quantum Dots with Overlapped Nucleation-Growth Process in Large Scale J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2011, 354, 15-22
46. Ouyang, J.; Kuijper, J.; Brot, S.; Kingston, D.; Wu, X.; Leek, D. M.; Hu, M. Z.; Ripmeester, J. A.; Yu, K. Photoluminescent Colloidal CdS Nanocrystals with High Quality via Noninjection One-Pot Synthesis in 1-Octadecene J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 7579-7593
47. Kuznetsova, N. A.; Kaliya, O. L. The Photochemistry of Coumarins Russ. Chem. Rev. 1992, 61, 683
48. Qu, L.; Peng, X. Control of Photoluminescence Properties of CdSe Nanocrystals in Growth J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 2049-2055
49. Du, J.; Rettig, S.; Thompson, R.; Trotter, J. Structure of a Polymeric Cadmium Complex Containing Triply Bridging Monophenylphosphinate Ligands Acta Crystallogr. C 1992, 48, 1394-1397
50. Cardoso, M. R. S. Synthesis and Structural Analysis of New Coordination Polymer and Molecular Compounds of Phosphinatos Metals. Ph.D. Thesis, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil, 2007.
51. Owen, J. S.; Park, J.; Trudeau, P.-E.; Alivisatos, A. P. Reaction Chemistry and Ligand Exchange at Cadmium-Selenide Nanocrystal Surfaces J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 12279-12281
52. Xie, R.; Li, Z.; Peng, X. Nucleation Kinetics vs. Chemical Kinetics in the Initial Formation of Semiconductor Nanocrystals J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 15457-15466
53. Chan, E. M.; Xu, C.; Mao, A. W.; Han, G.; Owen, J. S.; Cohen, B. E.; Milliron, D. J. Reproducible, High-Throughput Synthesis of Colloidal Nanocrystals for Optimization in Multidimensional Parameter Space Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 1874-1885
54. Chen, O.; Chen, X.; Yang, Y.; Lynch, J.; Wu, H.; Zhuang, J.; Cao, Y. C. Synthesis of Metal-Selenide Nanocrystals Using Selenium Dioxide as the Selenium Precursor Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 8638-8641
55. Empedocles, S. A.; Bawendi, M. G. Influence of Spectral Diffusion on the Line Shapes of Single CdSe Nanocrystallite Quantum Dots J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 1826-1830