The Effect of Social Networks on the Quality of Political Thinking

Political Psychology

Volumn 33, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 839-865

  Erisen, Elif ^a,b   Erisen, Cengiz ^c  

^a CALIFORNIA POLYTECHNIC STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b BILKENT UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^c TOBB UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS AND TECHNOLOGY   (Turkey)

Author keywords

Political discussion; Political thinking; Social networks

Indexed keywords

EID: 84870056922     PISSN: 0162895X     EISSN: 14679221     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9221.2012.00906.x     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Barabasi, A. L. (2010). Bursts: The hidden pattern behind everything we do. New York: Dutton Books.
2. Bassili, J. N., & Roy, J. P. (1998). On the representation of strong and weak attitudes about policy in memory. Political Psychology, 19, 669-681.
3. Berelson, B., Lazarsfeld, P. F., & McPhee, W. N. (1954). Voting: A study of opinion formation in a presidential campaign. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
4. Berinsky, A., & Kinder, D. (2006). Making sense of issues through media frames: Understanding the Kosovo crisis. Journal of Politics, 68, 640-656.
5. Brader, T. (2006). Campaigning for hearts and minds: How emotional appeals in political ads work. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
6. Brader, T., Valentino, N. A., & Suhay, E. (2008). What triggers public opposition to immigration? Anxiety, group cues, and immigration threat. American Journal of Political Science, 52, 959-978.
7. Cacioppo, J. T., & Petty, R. E. (1981). Social psychological procedures for cognitive response assessment: The thought listing technique. In T. Merluzzi, C. Glass, & M. Genest (Eds.), Cognitive assessment (pp. 309-342). New York: Guilford Press.
8. Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E., & Stokes, D. E. (1960). The American voter. New York: Wiley.
9. Cassino, D., & Erisen, C. (2010). Priming Bush and Iraq in 2008: A survey experiment. American Politics Research, 38, 372-394.
10. Christakis, N., & Fowler, J. (2009). Connected: The surprising power of social networks and how they shape our lives. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
11. Coser, R. (1975). The complexity of roles as seedbed of individual autonomy. In L. Coser (Ed.), The idea of social structure: Essays in honor of Robert Merton (pp. 85-116). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
12. Damasio, A. R. (1994). Descartes' error: Emotion, reason and the human brain. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.
13. Druckman, J. N., & Kam, C. D. (2011). Students as experimental participants: A defense of the narrow data base. In J. N. Druckman, D. P. Green, J. H. Kuklinski, & A. Lupia (Eds.), Cambridge handbook of experimental political science (pp. 70-101). New York: Cambridge University Press.
14. Erisen, E., & Erisen, C. (2008). A report on the social network battery in the 2006 ANES pilot study. American National Election Studies, Pilot Study Report, No. nes012063.
15. Erisen, C., Lodge, M., & Taber, C. (Forthcoming). Affective contagion in effortful political thinking. Political Psychology.
16. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41, 1149-1160.
17. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
18. Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition. New York: McGraw-Hill.
19. Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. The American Journal of Sociology, 78, 1360-1380.
20. Granovetter, M. S. (1983). The strength of weak ties: A network theory revisited. Sociological Theory, 1, 201-233.
21. Green, M. C., Visser, P. S., & Tetlock, P. E. (2000). Coping with accountability cross-pressures: Low-effort evasive tactics and high-effort quests for complex compromises. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 1380-1391.
22. Huckfeldt, R. (2001). The social communication of political expertise. American Journal of Political Science, 45, 435-438.
23. Huckfeldt, R., Beck, P. A., Dalton, R. J., & Levine, J. (1995). Political environment, cohesive social groups, and the communication of public opinion. American Journal of Political Science, 39, 1025-1054.
24. Huckfeldt, R., Ikeda, K., & Pappi, F. U. (2005). Patterns of disagreement in democratic politics: Comparing Germany, Japan, and the US. American Journal of Political Science, 49, 497-514.
25. Huckfeldt, R., Johnson, P. E., & Sprague, J. (2004). Political disagreement: The survival of diverse opinions within communication networks. New York: Cambridge University Press.
26. Huckfeldt, R., & Mendez, J. M. (2008). Moths, flames, and political engagement: Managing disagreement within communication networks. Journal of Politics, 70, 83-96.
27. Huckfeldt, R., & Sprague, J. (1984). Networks in context: The social flow of political information. American Political Science Review, 81, 1197-1216.
28. Huckfeldt, R., & Sprague, J. (1995). Citizens, politics, and social communication. New York: Cambridge University Press.
29. Jost, J. T., Glaser, J., Kruglanski, A. W., & Sulloway, F. J. (2003). Political conservatism as motivated social cognition. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 339-375.
30. Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (1982). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. New York: Cambridge University Press.
31. Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1981). The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice. Science, 211, 453-458.
32. Krosnick, J. A., & Petty, R. E. (1995). Attitude strength: An overview. In R. E. Petty & J. A. Krosnick (Eds.), Attitude strength: Antecedents and consequences (pp. 1-24). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
33. Kunda, Z. (1987). Motivated inference: Self-serving generation and evaluation of causal theories. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53, 636-647.
34. Kunda, Z. (1990). The case for motivated reasoning. Psychological Bulletin, 108, 480-493.
35. Lane, R. (1969). Political thinking and consciousness: The private life of the political mind. Chicago: Markham Publishers.
36. Lau, R., & Redlawsk, D. (2001). Advantages and disadvantages of cognitive heuristics in political decision making. American Journal of Political Science, 45, 951-971.
37. Lazer, D., Pentland, A., Adamic, L., Aral, S., Barabasi, A-L., Brewer, D., Christakis, N., Contractor, N., Fowler, J., Gutmann, M., Jebara, T., King, G., Macy, M., Roy, D., & Alstyne, M. V. (2009). Computational social science. Science, 323, 721-723.
38. Lebo, M., & Cassino, D. (2007). The aggregated consequences of motivated reasoning and the dynamics of partisan presidential approval. Political Psychology, 28, 719-746.
39. Levitan, L., & Visser, P. (2008). The impact of social context on resistance to persuasion: Effortful versus effortless responses to counter-attitudinal information. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 640-649.
40. Levitan, L., & Visser, P. (2009). Social network composition and attitude strength: Exploring the dynamics within newly formed social networks. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 1057-1067.
41. Lodge, M., & Taber, C. (2000). Three steps toward a theory of motivated political reasoning. In A. Lupia, M. D. McCubbins, & S. L. Popkin (Eds.), Elements of reason: Understanding and expanding the limits of political rationality (pp. 183-213). New York: Cambridge University Press.
42. Lodge, M., & Taber, C. (2005). The automaticity of affect for political leaders, groups, and issues: An experimental test of the hot cognition hypothesis. Political Psychology, 26, 455-482.
43. Marcus, G. E. (1988). The structure of emotional response: 1984 presidential candidates. American Political Science Review, 82, 737-761.
44. Marcus, G. E. (2003). The psychology of emotion and politics. In D. O. Sears, L. Huddy, & R. Jervis (Eds.), Oxford handbook of political psychology (pp. 182-221). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
45. Marcus, G. E., Neumann, R., & MacKuen, M. B. (2000). Affective intelligence and political judgment. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
46. McClurg, S. D. (2006). Political disagreement in context: The conditional effect of neighborhood context, discussion, and disagreement on electoral participation, Political Behavior, 28, 349-366.
47. McGuire, W. J., & McGuire, C. V. (1991). The content, structure, and operation of thought systems. In R. S. Wyer, Jr. & T. K. Srull (Eds.), Advances in social cognition, volume IV (pp. 1-79). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
48. Mintz, A., Redd, S. B., & Vedlitz, A. (2006). Can we generalize from student experiments to the real world in political science, military affairs, and international relations? Journal of Conflict Resolution, 50, 757-776.
49. Mutz, D. (2002a). Cross-cutting social networks: Testing democratic theory in practice. American Political Science Review, 96, 111-126.
50. Mutz, D. (2002b). The consequences of cross-cutting networks for political participation. American Journal of Political Science, 46, 838-855.
51. Mutz, D. (2006). Hearing the other side: Deliberative versus participatory democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
52. Nisbett, R. E., & Ross, L. (1980). Human inference: Strategies and shortcoming of social judgment. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
53. Page, B. I., & Shapiro, R. Y. (1992). The rational public: Fifty years of trends in Americans' policy preferences. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
54. Pennington, N., & Hastie, R. (1992). Explaining the evidence: Tests of the story model for juror decision making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 189-206.
55. Pennington, N., & Hastie, R. (1993). Reasoning in explanation-based decision-making. Cognition, 49, 123-163.
56. Popkin, S. (1991). The reasoning voter: Communication and persuasion in presidential campaigns. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
57. Redlawsk, D. (2002). Hot cognition or cool consideration? Testing the effects of motivated reasoning on political decision. Journal of Politics, 64, 1021-1044.
58. Redlawsk, D. (2006). Feeling politics: Emotion in political information processing. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
59. Redlawsk, D., Civettini, A., & Lau, R. (2007). Affective intelligence and voting: Information processing and learning in a campaign. In W. R. Neuman, G. E. Marcus, M. MacKuen, & A. N. Crigler (Eds.), Affect effect: The dynamics of emotion in political thinking and behavior (pp. 152-179). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
60. Rosenberg, W. (2002). The not so common sense: Differences in how people judge social and political life. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
61. Simon, H. A. (1957). Models of man: Social and rational; mathematical essays on rational human behavior in society setting. New York: Wiley.
62. Sniderman, P. M., Brody, R. A., & Tetlock, P. E. (1991). Reasoning and choice: Explorations in political psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press.
63. Taber, C., & Lodge, M. (2006). Motivated skepticism in the evaluation of political beliefs. American Journal of Political Science, 50, 755-769.
64. Tetlock, P. E. (1983). Cognitive style and political ideology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 118-126.
65. Tetlock, P. (1984). Cognitive style and political belief systems in the British House of Commons. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 365-375.
66. Tetlock, P. (1985). Integrative complexity of American and Soviet foreign policy rhetoric: A time-series analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 1565-1585.
67. Tomz, M., Wittenberg, R., & King, G. (2003). CLARIFY: Software for interpreting and presenting statistical results. Journal of Statistical Software, 8, 1-30.
68. Visser, P. S., & Mirabile, R. R. (2004). Attitudes in the social context: The impact of social network composition on individual-level attitude strength. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 779-795.
69. Wegener, D. T., Downing, J., Krosnick, J. A., & Petty, R. E. (1995). Measures and manipulations of strength-related properties of attitudes: Current practice and future directions. In R. E. Petty & J. A. Krosnick (Eds.), Attitude strength: Antecedents and consequences (pp. 1-24). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
70. Zaller, J. R., & Feldman, S. (1992). A simple theory of the survey response: Answering questions versus revealing preferences. American Journal of Political Science, 36, 579-616.