South African ecotoxicology - present status and future prognosis

African Journal of Aquatic Science

Volumn 37, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 229-234

  Wepener, V ^a,b   Chapman, P M ^c  

^a NORTH WEST UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG   (South Africa)

^c GOLDER ASSOCIATES LTD   (Canada)

Author keywords

changing environments; ecosystem services; relevant endpoints; toxicology

Indexed keywords

EID: 84869809769     PISSN: 16085914     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2989/16085914.2012.717051     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. Aneck-Hahn, NH, Bornman, MS and de Jager, C. 2009. Oestrogenic activity in drinking waters from a rural area in the Waterberg District, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Water SA, 35: 245-251.
2. Ansara-Ross, T, Wepener, V, van den Brink, PJ and Ross, M. 2009. Application of a direct toxicity assessment approach to assess the hazard of potential pesticide exposure at selected sites on the Crocodile and Magalies rivers, South Africa. African Journal of Aquatic Science, 34: 207-217.
3. Archaimbault, V, Usseglio-Polatera, P, Garric, J, Wasson, JG and Babut, M. 2010. Assessing pollution of toxic sediments in streams using bio-ecological traits of benthic macroinvertebrates. Freshwater Biology, 55: 1430-1446.
4. Artigas, J, Arts, G, Babut, M, Caracciolo, AB, Charles, S, Chaumot, A, Combourieu, B, Dahllöf, I, Despréaux, Ferrari B, Friberg, N, Garric, J, Geffard, O, Gourlay-Francé, C, Hein, M, Hjorth, M, Krauss, M, De Lange, HJ, Lahr, J, Lehtonen, KK, Lettieri, T, Liess, M, Lofts, S, Mayer, P, Morin, S, Paschke, A, Svendsen, C, Usseglio-Polatera, P, van den, Brink N, Vindimian, E and Williams, E. 2012. Towards a renewed research agenda in ecotoxicology. Environmental Pollution, 160: 201-206.
5. Baas, J, Jager, T and Kooijman, B. 2010. Understanding toxicity as processes in time. Science of the Total Environment, 408: 3735-3739.
6. Bickham, JW. 2011. The four cornerstones of evolutionary toxicology. Ecotoxicology, 20: 497-502.
7. Billoir, E, Delhaye, H, Forfait, C, Clément, B, Triffault-Bouchet, G, Charles, S and Delignette-Muller, ML. 2012. Comparison of bioassays with different exposure time patterns: The added value of dynamic modeling in predictive ecotoxicology. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 75: 80-86.
8. Chapman AA, Venter EA, Pearson H. 2011a. Aquatic toxicity testing in South Africa: status of aquatic toxicity testing in South Africa. WRC Report No. 1853/1/11. Pretoria: Water Research Commission.
9. Chapman AA, Venter EA, Pearson H. 2011b. Aquatic toxicity testing in South Africa: guideline for the accreditation of routine aquatic toxicity testing laboratories. WRC Report No. TT 504/11. Pretoria: Water Research Commission.
10. Chapman, PM. 1995. Ecotoxicology and pollution: key issues. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 31: 167-177.
11. Chapman, PM. 2002. Integrating toxicology and benthic ecology: Putting the eco back into ecotoxicology. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44: 7-15.
12. Chapman, PM. 2008. Ecosystem services-assessment endpoints for scientific investigations. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 57: 1237-1238.
13. Chapman, PM. 2011. Global climate change means never going home again. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 62: 2269-2270.
14. Chapman, PM. 2012. Management of coastal lagoons under climate change,. Estuarine. Coastal and Shelf Science, 110: 32-35.
15. Chapman, PM, McDonald, B, Kickham, PE and McKinnon, S. 2006. Global geographic differences in marine metals toxicity. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 52: 1081-1084.
16. Cherkasov, AS, Taylor, C and Sokolova, IM. 2010. Seasonal variation in mitochondrial responses to cadmium and temperature in eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin) from different latitudes. Aquatic Toxicology, 97: 68-78.
17. Connell, AD and Airey, DD. 1982. The chronic effects of fluoride on the estuarine amphipods Grandidierella lutosa and Grandidierella lignorum. Water Research, 16: 1313-1317.
18. Connell, AD, Airey, DD and Rathbone, PA. 1991. The impact of titanium- dioxide waste on fertilisation in the sea-urchin Echinometra mathaei. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 22: 119-122.
19. Cyrus, DP and MacKay, CF. 2007. The Environmental Reserve and its role in retaining the diversity of birds at the Thukela Estuary. Ostrich, 78: 621-631.
20. Daam, MA and Van den Brink, PJ. 2010. Implications of differences between temperate and tropical freshwater ecosystems for the ecological risk assessment of pesticides. Ecotoxicology, 19: 24-37.
21. Daam, MA, Van den Brink, PJ and Nogueira, AJA. 2009. Comparison of fate and ecological effects of the herbicide Linuron in freshwater model ecosystems between tropical and temperate regions. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 72: 424-433.
22. Dyer, SD, Belanger, SE and Carr, GJ. 1997. An initial evaluation of the use of Euro/North American fish species for tropical effects assessments. Chemosphere, 35: 2767-2781.
23. Fox, DR. 2010. Desired and feared-quo vadis or quid agis?. The American Statistician, 64: 6-8.
24. Gordon AK, Slaughter AR, Muller WJ. 2010. The application of chronic (sublethal) toxicity endpoints to the development of resource quality objectives. WRC Report No. 1484/1/09. Pretoria: Water Research Commission.
25. Grabow, WOK, Kfir, R and Slabbert, JL. 1991. Microbiological methods for safety testing of drinking-water directly reclaimed from waste-water. Water Science and Technology, 24: 1-4.
26. Griffin NJ, Muller WJ, Gordon, AK. 2011. Implementation of ecological hazard assessment of industrial waste discharge: a comparison of toxicity test methods. WRC Report No. 1313/3/11. Pretoria: Water Research Commission.
27. Hahn, ME. 2011. Mechanistic research in aquatic toxicology: Perspectives and future directions. Aquatic Toxicology, 105S: 67-71.
28. Heckmann, L-H, Baas, J and Jager, T. 2010. Time is of the essence. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 29: 1396-1398.
29. Hellmann, JJ and Pfrender, ME. 2011. Future human interventions in ecosystems and the critical role for evolutionary biology. Conservation Biology, 25: 1143-1147.
30. Jager, T. 2011. Some good reasons to ban ECx and related concepts in ecotoxicology. Environmental Science and Technology, 45: 8180-8181.
31. Jooste S, Bollmohr S, Thwala M. 2008. National toxicity monitoring programme: report on Phase 3: Pilot implementation and testing of the design. IWQS Report No. N/0000/REQ1008. Pretoria: Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.
32. Kwok, KWH, Leung, KMY, Lui, GS, Chu, VKH, Lam, PKS, Morritt, D, Maltby, L, Brock, TCM, Van den Brink, PJ, Warne, MSJ and Crane, M. 2007. Comparison of tropic and temperate freshwater animal species' acute sensitivities to chemicals: implications for deriving safe extrapolation factors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 3: 49-67.
33. Landis, WG and Chapman, PM. 2011. Well past time to stop using NOEL/LOELs. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 7(4): vi-viii.
34. Maltby, L, Blake, N, Brock, TCM and Van den Brink, PJ. 2005. Insecticide species sensitivity distributions: importance of test species selection and relevance to aquatic ecosystems. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 24: 379-388.
35. Mensah, PK, Muller, WJ and Palmer, CG. 2011. Acute toxicity of Roundup (R) herbicide to three life stages of the freshwater shrimp Caridina nilotica (Decapoda: Atyidae). Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 36: 905-909.
36. Morgan, WSG, Kuhn, PC, Allais, B and Walli, G. 1982. An appraisal of the performance of a continuous automatic fish biomonitoring system at an industrial site. Water Science and Technology, 14: 151-161.
37. Muller WJ Slaughter AJ, Ketse N, Davies-Coleman HD, de Kock E, Palmer CG. 2011. Development of chronic toxicity test methods for selected indigenous riverine macroinvertebrates. WRC Report No. KV276/11. Pretoria: Water Research Commission.
38. Nel, JL, Roux, DJ, Maree, G, Kleynhans, CJ, Moolman, J, Reyers, B, Rouget, M and Cowling, RM. 2007. Rivers in peril inside and outside protected areas: a systematic approach to conservation assessment of river ecosystems. Diversity and Distributions, 13: 341-352.
39. Nieuwoudt, C, Quinn, LP, Pieters, R, Jordaan, I, Visser, M, Kylin, H, Borgen, AR, Giesy, JP and Bouwman, H. 2009. Dioxin-like chemicals in soil and sediment from residential and industrial areas in central South Africa. Chemosphere, 76: 774-783.
40. O'Brien G, de Villiers P. 2011. Aspects of the conservation and management of Vaal River yellowfishes. In: O'Brien GC, de Villiers P, Biology and ecology of the Orange-Vaal largemouth and smallmouth yellowfishes in the Vaal River. WRC Report No. TT508/11. Pretoria: Water Research Commission. pp 116-136.
41. O'Brien, G and Wepener, V. 2012. Regional-scale risk assessment methodology using the Relative Risk Model (RRM) for surface freshwater aquatic ecosystems in South Africa. Water SA, 38: 153-166.
42. Olsen, GH, Smit, MGD, Carroll, JL, Jæger, I, Smith, T and Camus, L. 2011. Arctic versus temperate comparison of risk assessment metrics for 2-methyl-naphthalene. Marine Environmental Research, 72: 179-187.
43. Palmer, CG, Rossouw, N, Muller, WJ and Scherman, P-A. 2005. The development of water quality methods within Ecological Reserve assessments, and links to environmental flows. Water SA, 31: 161-170.
44. Qian, SS and Cuffney, TF. 2012. To threshold or not to threshold? That's the question. Ecological Indicators, 15: 1-9.
45. Richardson, N, Gordon, AK, Muller, WJ and Whitfield, AK. 2011. A weight-of-evidence approach to determine estuarine fish health, using indicators from multiple levels of biological organization. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, 21: 423-432.
46. Rico, A, Waichman, AV, Geber-Corrêa, R and Van den Brink, PJ. 2011. Effects of malathion and carbendazim on Amazonian freshwater organisms: comparison of tropical and temperate species sensitivity distributions. Ecotoxicology, 20: 625-634.
47. Roux, DJ, Kempster, PL, Kleynhans, CJ, van Vliet, HR and du Preez, HH. 1999. Integrating stressor and response monitoring into a resource-based water-quality assessment framework. Environmental Management, 23: 15-30.
48. Roux, DJ, van Vliet, HR and van Veelen, M. 1993. Towards integrated water-quality monitoring-assessment of ecosystem health. Water SA, 19: 275-280.
49. RSA (Republic of South Africa). National Water Act (Act No. 36 of 1998). Government Gazette, South Africa 398(19182).
50. Sanchez-Bayo, F and Hyne, RV. 2011. Comparison of environmental risks of pesticides between tropical and nontropical regions. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 7: 577-586.
51. Segner, H. 2011. Moving beyond a descriptive aquatic toxicology: The value of biological process and trait information. Aquatic Toxicology, 1055: 50-55.
52. Slabbert, JL. 1986. Improved bacterial-growth test for rapid water toxicity screening. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 37: 565-569.
53. Slabbert [J]L. 2004. Methods for direct estimation of ecological effect potential (DEEEP). WRC Report No. 1313/01/04. Pretoria: Water Research Commission.
54. Slabbert, JL and Morgan, WSG. 1982. A bioassay technique using Tetrahymena pyriformis for the rapid assessment of toxicants in water. Water Research, 16: 517-523.
55. Slabbert, JL, Morgan, WSG and Wood, A. 1989. Microbiological aspects of fish cultured in wastewaters-the South African experience. Water Science and Technology, 21: 307-310.
56. Slabbert JL, Murray K. 2011. Guidance for the selection of toxicity tests in support of the information requirements of the National Water Act. WRC Report No. 1211/1/10. Pretoria: Water Research Commission.
57. Slabbert JL, Oosthuizen J, Venter EA, Hill E, du Preez M, Pretorius PJ. 1998. Development of procedures to assess whole effluent toxicity. WRC Report No. 453/1/98. Pretoria: Water Research Commission.
58. Smolders, R Bervoets, Wepener, V and Blust, R. 2003. A conceptual framework for using mussels as biomonitors in whole effluent toxicity. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, 9: 741-760.
59. Swart, JC, Pool, EJ and van Wyk, JH. 2011. The implementation of a battery of in vivo and in vitro bioassays to assess river water for estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 74: 138-143.
60. Usseglio-Polatera, P, Bournard, M, Richoux, P and Tachet, H. 2000. Biological and ecological traits of benthic freshwater macroinvertebrates: relationships and definition of groups with similar traits. Freshwater Biology, 43: 175-205.
61. Vignati, DAL, Ferrari, BJD and Dominik, J. 2007. Laboratory-to-field extrapolation in aquatic sciences. Environmental Science and Technology, 41: 1067-1073.
62. Wang, W-X. 2011. Incorporating exposure into aquatic toxicological studies: an imperative. Aquatic Toxicology, 105: 9-15.
63. Wang Z, Kwok KWH, Lee J-S, Leung KMY. 2011. Comparison of temperate and tropical saltwater species' acute sensitivities distributions to chemicals: implications for deriving safe extrapolation factor. Poster presentation, International Conference on Deriving Environmental Quality Standards for the Protection for Aquatic Ecosystems (EQSPAE 2011), 3-7 December 2011 University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. Abstract available at http://www.biosch.hku.hk/eqspae.
64. Warne, MStJ and van Dam, R. 2008. NOEC and LOEC data should no longer be generated or used. Australian Journal for Ecotoxicology, 14: 1-5.
65. Wenning RJ, Martello L, Conder J, Brown SS 2011. Important considerations governing the behavior of chemicals in sediments and water in tropical and temperate environments. Keynote paper, International Conference on Deriving Environmental Quality Standards for the Protection for Aquatic Ecosystems (EQSPAE 2011), 3-7 December 2011 University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China. Abstract available from http://www.biosch.hku.hk/eqspae.
66. Wepener, V. 2008. Application of active biomonitoring within an integrated water resources management framework in South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 104: 367-373.
67. Wepener, V, van Dyk, C, Bervoets, L, O'Brien, G, Covaci, A and Cloete, Y. 2011. An assessment of the influence of multiple stressors on the Vaal River, South Africa. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 36: 949-962.
68. Wepener, V, van Vuren, JHJ, Chatiza, FP, Mbizi, Z, Slabbert, L and Masola, B. 2005. Active biomonitoring in freshwater environments: early warning signals from biomarkers in assessing biological effects of diffuse sources of pollutants. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 30: 751-761.
69. Wepener, V. 2008. Application of active biomonitoring within an integrated water resources management framework in South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 104: 367-373.