Low-Dose Hydroxychloroquine Is as Effective as Phlebotomy in Treatment of Patients With Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Volumn 10, Issue 12, 2012, Pages 1402-1409

  Singal, Ashwani K ^a   Kormos Hallberg, Csilla ^a   Lee, Chul ^a   Sadagoparamanujam, Vaithamanithi M ^a   Grady, James J ^a   Freeman, Daniel H ^a   Anderson, Karl E ^a  

^a University of Texas Medical Branch School of Medicine   (United States)

Author keywords

4 Aminoquinolines; Clinical Trial; Drug; Liver Disease

Indexed keywords

FERRITIN; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE SULFATE; PORPHYRIN;

ADULT; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; BLOOD SAMPLING; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; FEMALE; FERRITIN BLOOD LEVEL; HEPATITIS C; HOT FLUSH; HUMAN; LOW DRUG DOSE; MALE; MEDICAL DOCUMENTATION; PHLEBOTOMY; PILOT STUDY; PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDA; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; REMISSION; RISK FACTOR; SAMPLE SIZE; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SIDE EFFECT; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; AGED; ENZYME INHIBITORS; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHLEBOTOMY; PLASMA; PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDA; PORPHYRINS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84869430993     PISSN: 15423565     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2012.08.038     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Elder G.H. Porphyria cutanea tarda and related disorders (chapter 88). Porphyrin handbook, part II; 14 2003, 67-92. Academic Press, San Diego. K.M. Kadish, K. Smith, R. Guilard (Eds.).
2. Phillips J.D., Bergonia H.A., Reilly C.A., et al. A porphomethene inhibitor of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase causes porphyria cutanea tarda. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007, 104:5079-5084.
3. Lundvall O., Weinfeld A., Lundin P. Iron storage in porphyria cutanea tarda. Acta Med Scand 1970, 12:37-53.
4. Sampietro M., Fiorelli G., Fargion S. Iron overload in porphyria cutanea tarda. Haematologica 1999, 84:248-253.
5. Bygum A., Brandrup F., Christiansen L., et al. [Porphyria cutanea tarda]. Ugeskr Laeger 2000, 162:2020-2024.
6. Bonkovsky H.L., Lambrecht R.W., Shan Y. Iron as a co-morbid factor in nonhemochromatotic liver disease. Alcohol 2003, 30:137-144.
7. Gorman N., Zaharia A., Trask H.S., et al. Effect of an oral iron chelator or iron-deficient diets on uroporphyria in a murine model of porphyria cutanea tarda. Hepatology 2007, 46:1927-1934.
8. Dereure O., Jumez N., Bessis D., et al. Measurement of liver iron content by magnetic resonance imaging in 20 patients with overt porphyria cutanea tarda before phlebotomy therapy: a prospective study. Acta Derm Venereol 2008, 88:341-345.
9. Jalil S., Grady J.J., Lee C., et al. Associations among behavior-related susceptibility factors in porphyria cutanea tarda. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010, 8:297-302.
10. Ippen H. Treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda by phlebotomy. Semin Hematol 1977, 14:253-259.
11. Epstein J.H., Redeker A.G. Porphyria cutanea tarda. A study of the effect of phlebotomy. N Engl J Med 1968, 279:1301-1304.
12. Lundvall O. The effect of phlebotomy therapy in porphyria cutanea tarda. Its relation to the phlebotomy-induced reduction of iron stores. Acta Med Scand 1971, 189:33-49.
13. Chlumský J., Malina L., Chlumská A. The effect of venesection therapy on liver tissue in porphyria cutanea tarda. Acta Hepatogastroenterol (Stuttg) 1973, 20:124-130.
14. Ramsay C.A., Magnus I.A., Turnbull A., et al. The treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda by venesection. Q J Med 1974, 43:1-24.
15. Di Padova C., Marchesi L., Cainelli T., et al. Effects of phlebotomy on urinary porphyrin pattern and liver histology in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda. Am J Med Sci 1983, 285:2-12.
16. Adjarov D., Donov M., Ivanov E., et al. Phlebotomy treatment in porphyria cutanea tarda combined with beta-thalassaemia. Dermatologica 1984, 169:184-187.
17. Ratnaike S., Blake D., Campbell D., et al. Plasma ferritin levels as a guide to the treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda by venesection. Australas J Dermatol 1988, 29:3-7.
18. Rocchi E., Gibertini P., Cassanelli M., et al. Serum ferritin in the assessment of liver iron overload and iron removal therapy in porphyria cutanea tarda. J Lab Clin Med 1986, 107:36-42.
19. Malina L., Chlumský J. A comparative study of the results of phlebotomy therapy and low-dose chloroquine treatment in porphyria cutanea tarda. Acta Derm Venereol 1981, 61:346-350.
20. Sweeney G.D., Saunders S.J., Dowdle E.B., et al. Effects of chloroquine on patients with cutaneous porphyria of the "symptomatic" type. Br Med J 1965, 1:1281-1285.
21. Sweeney G.D. Porphyria cutanea tarda, or the uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency diseases. Clin Biochem 1986, 19:3-15.
22. Felsher B.F., Redeker A.G. Effect of chloroquine on hepatic uroporphyrin metabolism in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda. Medicine (Baltimore) 1966, 45:575-583.
23. Kowertz M.J. The therapeutic effect of chloroquine. Hepatic recovery in porphyria cutanea tarda. JAMA 1973, 223:515-519.
24. Kordac V., Semrádová M. Treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda with chloroquine. Br J Dermatol 1974, 90:95-100.
25. Kordac V., Papezová R., Semrádová M. Chloroquine in the treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda. N Engl J Med 1977, 296:949.
26. Cainelli T., Di Padova C., Marchesi L., et al. Hydroxychloroquine versus phlebotomy in the treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda. Br J Dermatol 1983, 108:593-600.
27. Marchesi L., Di Padova C., Cainelli T., et al. A comparative trial of desferrioxamine and hydroxychloroquine for treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda in alcoholic patients. Photo Dermatol 1984, 1:286-292.
28. Ashton R.E., Hawk J.L., Magnus I.A. Low-dose oral chloroquine in the treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda. Br J Dermatol 1984, 111:609-613.
29. Seubert S., Seubert A., Stella A.M., et al. [Results of treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda with bloodletting and chloroquine]. Z Hautkr 1990, 65:223-225.
30. Valls V., Ena J., Enríquez-De-Salamanca R. Low-dose oral chloroquine in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda and low-moderate iron overload. J Dermatol Sci 1994, 7:169-175.
31. Freesemann A., Frank M., Sieg I., et al. Treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda by the effect of chloroquine on the liver. Skin Pharmacol 1995, 8:156-161.
32. Wolff C., Armas R., Krause P., et al. [Treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda with chloroquine and its effect on associated liver disease: retrospective analysis]. Rev Med Chil 1996, 124:456-460.
33. Scholnick P.L., Epstein J., Marver H.S. The molecular basis of the action of chloroquine in porphyria cutanea tarda. J Invest Dermatol 1973, 61:226-232.
34. Goerz G., Bolsen K., Merk H. Influence of chloroquine on the porphyrin metabolism. Arch Dermatol Res 1985, 277:114-117.
35. Malkinson F.D., Levitt L. Hydroxychloroquine treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda. Arch Dermatol 1980, 116:1147-1150.
36. Goerz G., Bolsen K., Merk H. Influence of chloroquine on the porphyrin metabolism. Arch Dermatol Res 1985, 277:114-117.
37. Rynes R.I. Ophthalmologic considerations in using antimalarials in the United States. Lupus 1996, 5(Suppl 1):S73-S74.
38. Poh-Fitzpatrick M.B., Lamola A.A. Direct spectrofluorometry of diluted erythrocytes and plasma: a rapid diagnostic method in primary and secondary porphyrinemias. J Lab Clin Med 1976, 87:362-370.
39. Egger N.G., Goeger D.E., Payne D.A., et al. Porphyria cutanea tarda: multiplicity of risk factors including HFE mutations, hepatitis C, and inherited uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency. Dig Dis Sci 2002, 47:419-426.
40. Wickliffe J.K., Abdel-Rahman S.Z., Lee C., et al. CYP1A2 1F and GSTM1 alleles are associated with susceptibility to porphyria cutanea tarda. Mol Med 2011, 17:241-247.
41. Stölzel U., Köstler E., Schuppan D., et al. Hemochromatosis (HFE) gene mutations and response to chloroquine in porphyria cutanea tarda. Arch Dermatol 2003, 139:309-313.
42. Marmor M.F., Carr R.E., Easterbrook M., et al. Recommendations on screening for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine retinopathy: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology 2002, 109:1377-1382.
43. Newcombe R.G. Interval estimation for the difference between independent proportions: comparison of eleven methods. Stat Med 1998, 17:873-890.
44. Bulaj Z.J., Franklin M.R., Phillips J.D., et al. Transdermal estrogen replacement therapy in postmenopausal women previously treated for porphyria cutanea tarda. J Lab Clin Med 2000, 136:482-488.
45. Anderson K.E., Bloomer J.R., Bonkovsky H.L., et al. Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of the acute porphyrias. Ann Intern Med 2005, 142:439-450.
46. Taljaard J.J., Shanley B.C., Stewart-Wynne E.G., et al. Studies on low dose chloroquine therapy and the action of chloroquine in symptomatic porphyria. Br J Dermatol 1972, 87:261-269.
47. Vogler W.R., Galambos J.T., Olansky S. Biochemical effects of chloroquine therapy in porphyria cutanea tarda. Am J Med 1970, 49:316-321.
48. Wennersten G., Ros A.M. Chloroquine in treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda. Acta Dermatovener 1982, 100:119-123.
49. Tsega E. Long-term effect of high-dose, short-course chloroquine therapy on porphyria cutanea tarda. Q J Med 1987, 65:953-957.
50. Petersen C.S., Thomsen K. High-dose hydroxychloroquine treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda. J Am Acad Dermatol 1992, 26:614-619.
51. Rossmann-Ringdahl I., Olsson R. Porphyria cutanea tarda: effects and risk factors for hepatotoxicity from high-dose chloroquine treatment. Acta Derm Venereol 2007, 87:401-405.