Emergency neurological life support: Status epilepticus

Neurocritical Care

Volumn 17, Issue SUPPL. 1, 2012, Pages

  Claassen, Jan ^a   Silbergleit, Robert ^b   Weingart, Scott D ^c   Smith, Wade S ^d  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^c MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Anticonvulsant; EEG monitoring; Pharmacological coma; Protocol; Seizures

Indexed keywords

BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; DIAZEPAM; ETIRACETAM; FOSPHENYTOIN SODIUM; LORAZEPAM; MIDAZOLAM; OXYGEN; PHENOBARBITAL; PHENYTOIN; PLACEBO; PROPOFOL; THIOPENTAL; VALPROIC ACID;

CLINICAL PROTOCOL; COMA; CONTINUOUS INFUSION; CONVULSION; DISEASE CONTROL; DISEASE DURATION; DRUG DOSAGE FORM COMPARISON; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EMERGENCY CARE; EMERGENCY NEUROLOGICAL LIFE SUPPORT; EPILEPTIC STATE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HOSPITAL PATIENT; HUMAN; LABORATORY TEST; LIFE SUSTAINING TREATMENT; LOADING DRUG DOSE; PATIENT MONITORING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); RECOMMENDED DRUG DOSE; RECURRENT DISEASE; RESUSCITATION; REVIEW; SEIZURE; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VASCULAR ACCESS;

ALGORITHMS; ANTICONVULSANTS; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES; HUMANS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; STATUS EPILEPTICUS;

EID: 84869224740     PISSN: 15416933     EISSN: 15560961     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12028-012-9758-1     Document Type: Review

References (33)

1. Pallin DJ, Goldstein JN, Moussally JS, Pelletier AJ, Green AR, Camargo CA Jr. Seizure visits in US emergency departments: epidemiology and potential disparities in care. Int J Emerg Med. 2008;1:97-105.
2. Farhidvash F, Singh P, Abou-Khalil B, Arain A. Patients visiting the emergency room for seizures: insurance status and clinic follow-up. Seizure. 2009;18:644-7.
3. Pitts SR, Niska RW, Xu J, Burt CW. National hospital ambulatory medical care survey: 2006 emergency department summary. Natl Health Stat Rep. 2006;2008:1-38.
4. Treiman DM, Meyers PD, Walton NY, et al. A comparison of four treatments for generalized convulsive status epilepticus. Veterans affairs status epilepticus cooperative study group. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:792-8. (Pubitemid 28447452)
5. Logroscino G, Hesdorffer DC, Cascino G, Annegers JF, Hauser WA. Short-term mortality after a first episode of status epilepticus. Epilepsia. 1997;38:1344-9. (Pubitemid 28007525)
6. Towne AR, Pellock JM, Ko D, DeLorenzo RJ. Determinants of mortality in status epilepticus. Epilepsia. 1994;35:27-34. (Pubitemid 24074462)
7. Legriel S, Mourvillier B, Bele N, et al. Outcomes in 140 critically ill patients with status epilepticus. Intensive Care Med. 2008;34:476-80.
8. Legriel S, Azoulay E, Resche-Rigon M, et al. Functional outcome after convulsive status epilepticus.CritCareMed. 2010;38:2295-303.
9. Alldredge BK, Gelb AM, Isaacs SM, et al. A comparison of lorazepam, diazepam, and placebo for the treatment of out-ofhospital status epilepticus. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:631-7.
10. Scholtes FB, Renier WO, Meinardi H. Generalized convulsive status epilepticus: causes, therapy, and outcome in 346 patients. Epilepsia. 1994;35:1104-12. (Pubitemid 24346323)
11. Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Emerson RG, Bates JE, Thompson TB, Mayer SA. Continuous EEG monitoring and midazolam infusion for refractory nonconvulsive status epilepticus. Neurology. 2001;57:1036-42. (Pubitemid 32880200)
12. Rossetti AO, Hurwitz S, Logroscino G, Bromfield EB. Prognosis of status epilepticus: role of aetiology, age, and consciousness impairment at presentation. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006;77:611-5. (Pubitemid 43844584)
13. Brophy GM, Bell R, Claassen J, et al. Neurocritical care society status epilepticus guideline writing committee. Guidelines for the evaluation and management of status epilepticus. Neurocrit Care. 2012;17(1):3-23.
14. Kapur J, Macdonald RL. Rapid seizure-induced reduction of benzodiazepine and Zn2+ sensitivity of hippocampal dentate granule cell GABAA receptors. J Neurosci. 1997;17:7532-40. (Pubitemid 27413283)
15. Morimoto K, Fahnestock M, Racine RJ. Kindling and status epilepticus models of epilepsy: rewiring the brain. Prog Neurobiol. 2004;73:1-60. (Pubitemid 38749090)
16. Ravizza T, Vezzani A. Status epilepticus induces time-dependent neuronal and astrocytic expression of interleukin-1 receptor type I in the rat limbic system. Neuroscience. 2006;137:301-8. (Pubitemid 43031496)
17. Lowenstein DH. Status epilepticus: an overview of the clinical problem. Epilepsia. 1999;40:S3-8. discussion S21-2. (Pubitemid 29367107)
18. Lowenstein DH, Alldredge BK. Status epilepticus. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:970-6. (Pubitemid 28152839)
19. Silbergleit R, Durkalski V, Lowenstein DH, et al. Intramuscular versus intravenous therapy for prehospital status epilepticus. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:591-600.
20. DeLorenzo RJ, Waterhouse EJ, Towne AR, et al. Persistent nonconvulsive status epilepticus after the control of convulsive status epilepticus. Epilepsia. 1998;39:833-40. (Pubitemid 128721651)
21. Silbergleit R, Durkalski V, Lowenstein DH. al. e. Intramuscular versus intravenous therapy for prehospital status epilepticus. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:591-600.
22. Lowenstein DH, Alldredge BK. Status epilepticus at an urban public hospital in the 1980s. Neurology. 1993;43:483-8. (Pubitemid 23088478)
23. Agarwal P, Kumar N, Chandra R, Gupta G, Antony AR, Garg N. Randomized study of intravenous valproate and phenytoin in status epilepticus. Seizure. 2007;16:527-32. (Pubitemid 47209244)
24. Shaner DM, McCurdy SA, Herring MO, Gabor AJ. Treatment of status epilepticus: a prospective comparison of diazepam and phenytoin versus phenobarbital and optional phenytoin. Neurology. 1988;38:202-7. (Pubitemid 18036837)
25. Misra UK, Kalita J, Patel R. Sodium valproate vs phenytoin in status epilepticus: a pilot study. Neurology. 2006;67:340-2. (Pubitemid 44313586)
26. Berning S, Boesebeck F, van Baalen A, Kellinghaus C. Intravenous levetiracetam as treatment for status epilepticus. J Neurol. 2009;256:1634-42.
27. Claassen J, Hirsch LJ, Emerson RG, Mayer SA. Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with pentobarbital, propofol, or midazolam: a systematic review. Epilepsia. 2002;43:146-53. (Pubitemid 34225994)
28. Rossetti AO, Lowenstein DH. Management of refractory status epilepticus in adults: still more questions than answers. Lancet Neurol. 2011;10:922-30.
29. Rossetti AO, Milligan TA, Vulliemoz S, Michaelides C, Bertschi M, Lee JW. A randomized trial for the treatment of refractory status epilepticus. Neurocrit Care. 2011;14:4-10.
30. Iyer VN, Hoel R, Rabinstein AA. Propofol infusion syndrome in patients with refractory status epilepticus: an 11-year clinical experience. Crit Care Med. 2009;37:3024-30.
31. Limdi NA, Shimpi AV, Faught E, Gomez CR, Burneo JG. Efficacy of rapid IV administration of valproic acid for status epilepticus. Neurology. 2005;64:353-5.
32. Sinha S, Naritoku DK. Intravenous valproate is well tolerated in unstable patients with status epilepticus. Neurology. 2000;55: 722-4.
33. Tripathi M, Vibha D, Choudhary N, et al. Management of refractory status epilepticus at a tertiary care centre in a developing country. Seizure. 2010;19:109-11.