A biomechanical assessment of soft-tissue damage in the cervical spine following a unilateral facet injury

Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

Volumn 94, Issue 21, 2012, Pages e156(1)-

  Nadeau, Mélissa ^a   McLachlin, Stewart D ^a   Bailey, Stewart I ^a   Gurr, Kevin R ^a   Dunning, Cynthia E ^a   Bailey, Christopher S ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BIOMECHANICS; CERVICAL SPINE FRACTURE; CERVICAL SPINE INJURY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISEASE; LIGAMENT RUPTURE; LIGAMENTUM FLAVUM; NUCLEUS PULPOSUS; POSTERIOR LONGITUDINAL LIGAMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANGE OF MOTION; SOFT TISSUE DAMAGE; SOFT TISSUE DISEASE; SUBLUXATION;

EID: 84869113652     PISSN: 00219355     EISSN: 15351386     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.K.00694     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Lomoschitz FM, Blackmore CC, Mirza SK, Mann FA. Cervical spine injuries in patients 65 years old and older: epidemiologic analysis regarding the effects of age and injury mechanism on distribution, type, and stability of injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002 Mar;178(3):573-7. (Pubitemid 34178132)
2. Bauze RJ, Ardran GM. Experimental production of forward dislocation in the human cervical spine. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1978 May;60-B(2):239-45. (Pubitemid 8356869)
3. Allen BL Jr, Ferguson RL, Lehmann TR, O'Brien RP. Amechanistic classification of closed, indirect fractures and dislocations of the lower cervical spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1982 Jan-Feb;7(1):1-27.
4. Crawford NR, Duggal N, Chamberlain RH, Park SC, Sonntag VK, Dickman CA. Unilateral cervical facet dislocation: injury mechanismand biomechanical consequences. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002 Sep 1;27(17):1858-64; discussion 1864.
5. Herkowitz HN, Garfin SR, Eismont FJ, Bell GR, Balderston RA. Rothman-Simeone the spine. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders-Elsevier; 2006. p 1120-2.
6. Sim E, Vaccaro AR, Berzlanovich A, Schwarz N, Sim B. In vitro genesis of subaxial cervical unilateral facet dislocations through sequential soft tissue ablation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001 Jun 15;26(12):1317-23.
7. Vaccaro AR, Madigan L, Schweitzer ME, Flanders AE, Hilibrand AS, Albert TJ. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis of soft tissue disruption after flexion-distraction injuries of the subaxial cervical spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001 Sep 1;26(17):1866-72.
8. Whitley JE, Forsyth HR. The classification of cervical spine injuries. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med. 1960 Apr;83:633-44.
9. Roaf R. A study of the mechanics of spinal injuries. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1960;42-B:810-23.
10. O'Brien PJ, Schweigel JF, Thompson WJ. Dislocations of the lower cervical spine. J Trauma. 1982 Aug;22(8):710-4. (Pubitemid 12059243)
11. Duggal N, Chamberlain RH, Park SC, Sonntag VK, Dickman CA, Crawford NR. Unilateral cervical facet dislocation: biomechanics of fixation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Apr 1;30(7):E164-8.
12. Kretzer RM, Hu N, Umekoji H, Sciubba DM, Jallo GI, McAfee PC, Tortolani PJ, Cunningham BW. The effect of spinal instrumentation on kinematics at the cervicothoracic junction: emphasis on soft-tissue response in an in vitro human cadaveric model. J Neurosurg Spine. 2010 Oct;13(4):435-42.
13. Pitzen T, Lane C, Goertzen D, Dvorak M, Fisher C, Barbier D, Steudel WI, Oxland T. Anterior cervical plate fixation: biomechanical effectiveness as a function of posterior element injury. J Neurosurg. 2003 Jul;99(1 Suppl):84-90. (Pubitemid 36750442)
14. Crawford NR, Brantley AG, Dickman CA, Koeneman EJ. An apparatus for applying pure nonconstraining moments to spine segments in vitro. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1995 Oct 1;20(19):2097-100.
15. Bozkus H, Ames CP, Chamberlain RH, Nottmeier EW, Sonntag VK, Papadopoulos SM, Crawford NR. Biomechanical analysis of rigid stabilization techniques for three-column injury in the lower cervical spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Apr 15;30(8):915-22.
16. Goertzen DJ, Lane C, Oxland TR. Neutral zone and range of motion in the spine are greater with stepwise loading than with a continuous loading protocol. An in vitro porcine investigation. J Biomech. 2004 Feb;37(2):257-61. (Pubitemid 38050057)
17. Penning L. Normalmovements of the cervical spine. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1978 Feb;130(2):317-26.
18. Bogduk N, Mercer S. Biomechanics of the cervical spine. I: normal kinematics. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2000 Nov;15(9):633-48. (Pubitemid 30628506)
19. Wilke HJ, Wenger K, Claes L. Testing criteria for spinal implants: recommendations for the standardization of in vitro stability testing of spinal implants. Eur Spine J. 1998;7(2):148-54. (Pubitemid 28223601)
20. Norton WL. Fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1962;44A:115-39.
21. Baarkman R, Vinken PJ. Unilateral facet locking in the lower cervical spine. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1967;49;249-57.
22. Burke DC, Berryman D. The place of closed manipulation in the management of flexion-rotation dislocations of the cervical spine. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1971 May;53(2):165-82.
23. Argenson C, Lovet J, Sanouiller JL, de Peretti F. Traumatic rotatory displacement of the lower cervical spine. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1988 Jul;13(7):767-73.
24. Young JW, Resnik CS, DeCandido P, Mirvis SE. The laminar space in the diagnosis of rotational flexion injuries of the cervical spine. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1989 Jan;152(1):103-7. (Pubitemid 19024074)
25. Kaye JJ, Nance EP Jr. Cervical spine trauma. Orthop Clin North Am. 1990 Jul;21(3):449-62. (Pubitemid 20217885)
26. Panjabi MM. The stabilizing system of the spine. Part II. Neutral zone and instability hypothesis. J Spinal Disord. 1992 Dec;5(4):390-6; discussion 397.
27. Beyer CA, Cabanela ME, Berquist TH. Unilateral facet dislocations and fracture-dislocations of the cervical spine. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1991 Nov;73(6):977-81.
28. Rihn JA, Fisher C, Harrop J, MorrisonW, Yang N, Vaccaro AR. Assessment of the posterior ligamentous complex following acute cervical spine trauma. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Mar;92(3):583-9.
29. Malham GM, Ackland HM, Varma DK, Williamson OD. Traumatic cervical discoligamentous injuries: correlation of magnetic resonance imaging and operative findings. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2009 Dec 1;34(25):2754-9.
30. Ebraheim NA, Liu J, Ramineni SK, Liu X, Xie J, Hartman RG, Goel VK. Morphological changes in the cervical intervertebral foramen dimensions with unilateral facet joint dislocation. Injury. 2009 Nov;40(11):1157-60. Epub 2009 May 31.
31. Zdeblick TA, Abitbol JJ, Kunz DN, McCabe RP, Garfin S. Cervical stability after sequential capsule resection. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1993 Oct 15;18(14):2005-8.
32. Lowery DW, Wald MM, Browne BJ, Tigges S, Hoffman JR, Mower WR; NEXUS Group. Epidemiology of cervical spine injury victims. Ann Emerg Med. 2001 Jul;38(1):12-6. (Pubitemid 32606023)
33. Beatson TR. Fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1963 Feb;45(1):21-35.