Taming the Unruly Side of Ethics: Overcoming Challenges of a Bottom-Up Approach to Ethics in the Areas of Food Policy and Climate Change

Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics

Volumn 25, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 813-841

  Anthony, Raymond ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA ANCHORAGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Alaska; Climate ethics; Food ethics; Food policy and security; Public engagement

Indexed keywords

BOTTOM-UP APPROACH; CLIMATE CHANGE; ETHICS; FOOD POLICY; FOOD SECURITY; POLICY MAKING;

ALASKA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84869089674     PISSN: 11877863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10806-011-9358-7     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Allen-Young, C. (2011). Food or rent? More families forced to choose. Retrieved on October 4, 2011, from http://www. ktva. com/home/outbound-xml-feeds/Food-or-Rent-More-Families-Forced-to-Choose-131103813. html.
2. Borenstein, S. (2010). Scientists seek better way to do climate report. Washington Times 10. 02. 2010. Retrieved on 18 February, 2010, from http://www. washingtontimes. com/news/2010/feb/10/scientists-seek-betterway-do-climate-report/.
3. Borner, A., & Menz, W. (2005). Bioethical controversies and public advice: The production of ethical expertise and its role in the substantiation of political decision-making. In S. Maasen & P. Weingart (Eds.), Democratization of expertise: Exploring novel forms of scientific advice in political decision-making (pp. 21-40). Dordrecht: Springer.
4. Bradner, T. (2011). Our agriculture industry small but fertile. Anchorage Daily News. Retrieved on September 25, 2011, from http://and. com/2011/09/24/2-87123/our-agriculture-industry-small. htm.
5. Brunk, C., Haworth, L., & Lee, B. (1991). Value assumptions in risk assessment: The alachor controversy. ON: WLU Press.
6. Burgess, M. M. (2004). Public consultation in ethics: An experiment in representative ethics. Journal of Bioethical Inquiry, 1(1), 4-13.
7. Cederberg, C., Sonesson, U., Henriksson, M., Davis, J., & Sund, V. (2009). Greenhouse gas emissions from production of meat, milk and eggs in Sweden 1990 and 2005. SIK-Rapport 793. Göteborg: SIK-Institutet för Livsmedel och Bioteknik.
8. Cross, N. (Ed.). (1984). Developments in design methodology (pp. 135-144). Chichester: J. Wiley & Sons.
9. Curran, P. (2011). Canadian inuit go hungry: Study national post. Retrieved on October 9, 2011, from http://news. nationalpost. com/2011/08/31/canadian-inuit-going-hungry-study/.
10. Dressler, A. E., & Parson, E. A. (2006). The science and politics of global climate change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
11. Epstein, S. (1996). Impure science: AIDS, activism and the politics of knowledge. Berkeley: University of California Press.
12. Felt, U., Fochler, M., Muller, A., & Strassnig, M. (2009). Unruly ethics: On the difficulties of a bottom-up approach to ethics in the field of genomics. Public Understanding of Science, 18(3), 354-371.
13. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2006a). Livestock's long shadow: Environmental issues and options. Retrieved on March 25, 2010, at http://www. fao. org/docrep/010/a0701e/a0701e00. HTM.
14. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2006b). Livestock a major threat to environment. Retrieved on February 23, 2010, from http://www. fao. org/newsroom/eb/news/2006/1000448/index. html.
15. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2009a). Climate change and food security. Retrieved on February 18, 2010, from http://www. fao. org/climatechange.
16. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2009b). 1. 02 billion people hungry: One sixth of humanity undernourished-more than ever before. Retrieved on March 30, 2010, from http://www. fao. org/news/story/en/item/20568/icode/.
17. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). (2011). World livestock 2011: Livestock in food security. Retrieved on November 4, 2011, from http://www. fao. org/fileadmin/user_upload/animalwelfare/I2373e00. pdf.
18. Friedman, M., & Savage, L. J. (1948). The utility analysis of choices involving risk. The Journal of Political Economy, 56(4), 279-304.
19. Gardiner, S. (2006). A perfect moral storm: Climate change, intergenerational ethics and the problem of moral corruption. Environmental Values, 15(3), 397-413.
20. Gardiner, S. (2010). Ethics and climate change: An introduction. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 1(1), 54-66.
21. Gardiner, S. (2011). A perfect moral storm: The ethical tragedy of climate change. NY: Oxford University Press.
22. Haimes, E. (2002). What can the social sciences contribute to the study of ethics? Theoretical, empirical and substantive considerations. Bioethics, 16(2), 89-113.
23. Heymann, M., Andersen, H., & Sandøe, P. (2009). What is climate science all about philosophical perspectives. In M. Gjerris, C. Gamborg, J. E. Olesen, & J. Wolf (Eds.), Earth on fire. Climate change from a philosophical and ethical perspective (pp. 69-88). Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen. Available at www-earthonfire. foi. dk.
24. Hursthouse, R. (2006). Are virtues the proper starting point for morality? In J. Dreier (Ed.), Contemporary debates in moral theory (pp. 99-112). MA: Blackwell Publishing.
25. Ilea, R. C. (2009). Intensive livestock farming: Global trends, increased environmental concerns, and ethical solutions. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 22(2), 153-167.
26. Irwin, A. (2006). The politics of talk: Coming to terms with the 'new scientific governance'. Social Studies of Science, 36(2), 299-320.
27. Jamieson, D. (2007). When utilitarians should be virtue theorists. Utilitas, 19(2), 160-183.
28. Lennert, T. (2009). The ethical merits of vegetarianism promotion. European Society for Agricultural and Environmental Ethics (EURSAFE) Newsletter, 11(3), 1-4.
29. Limoges, C. (1993). Expert knowledge and decision-making in controversy contexts. Public Understanding of Science, 2(4), 417-426.
30. McKenna, E. (2004). Pragmatism and the production of livestock. In E. McKenna & A. Light (Eds.), Animal pragmatism: Rethinking human-nonhuman relationships (pp. 160-178). Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
31. McMahan, J. (1998). Wrongful life: Paradoxes in the morality of causing people to exist. In J. Coleman (Ed.), Rational commitment and social justice: Essays for Gregory Kavka (pp. 208-247). UK: Cambridge University Press.
32. Norton, B. (1986). Environmental problems and future generations. In J. Sterba (Ed.), Earth ethics (second edition, 2000) (pp. 123-131). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
33. Norton, B. (2007). Sustainability: A philosophy of adaptive ecosystem management. IL: University of Chicago Press.
34. Orekes, N., & Conway, E. (2010). Merchants of doubt: How a handful of scientists obscured the truth on issues from tobacco smoke to global warming. NY: Bloomsbury Press.
35. Paragi, T., Gerlach, S., & Meadow, A. (2011). Security of the red meat supply in Alaska. Agroborealis, 41(1), 36-37.
36. Pielke, R., Jr. (2007). The honest broker: Making sense of science in policy and politics. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
37. Pitesky, M., Stackhouse, K., & Mitloehner, F. M. (2009). Clearing the air: Livestock's contribution to climate change. In D. Sparks (Ed.), Advances in agronomy (Vol. 103, pp. 1-40). Burlington: Academic Press.
38. Plough, A., & Krimsky, S. (1987). The emergence of risk communication studies: Social and political context. Science, Technology and Human Values, 12(3/4), 4-10.
39. Posas, P. (2007). Poles of religion and ethics in addressing climate change. Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics, 2007, 31-49.
40. Rajamani, L. (2009). Addressing the 'post-Kyoto' stress disorder: Reflections on the emerging legal architecture of the climate regime. International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 58, 803-834.
41. Rittel, H., & Webber, M. (1973). Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy Sciences, 4, 155-169.
42. Röcklinsberg, H. (2009). Animal ethics in a time of climate changes. In K. Millar, P. Hobson West, & B. Nerlich (Eds.), Ethical futures: bioscience and food horizons (pp. 92-96). Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Pb.
43. Sarewitz, D. (2004). How science makes environmental controversies worse. Environmental Science & Policy, 7, 385-403.
44. Sinnott-Armstrong, W. (2005). "It's not my fault": Global warming and individual moral obligations. In W. Sinnott-Armstrong & R. B. Howarth (Eds.), Perspectives on climate change: Science, economics, politics, ethics (pp. 285-307). Holland: Elsevier.
45. Thompson, P. B. (1986). Uncertainty arguments in environmental issues. Environmental Ethics, 8(1), 59-75.
46. Thompson, P. B. (1995). Risk and responsibility in modern agriculture. In B. Mepham, G. A. Tucker, & J. Wiseman (Eds.), Issues in agricultural bioethics (pp. 216-240). Nottingham: Nottingham University Press.
47. Thompson, P. B. (2010). The agrarian vision: Sustainability and environmental ethics. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky.
48. Thompson, P. B., & Dean, W. (1996). Competing conceptions of risk. Risk: Health, safety and environment, 7, 361-384.
49. Thompson, P. B., & Nardone, A. (1999). Sustainable livestock production: Methodological and ethical challenges. Livestock Production Science, 61, 111-119.
50. United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC. (2007). Climate change 2007, the physical science basis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
51. Wilsdon, J., & Willis, R. (2004). See-through science: Why public engagement needs to move more upstream. London: Demos.
52. Wohlforth, C. (2004). The whale and the supercomputer: On the northern front of climate change. NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
53. Wolf, C. (2003). Intergenerational justice. In R. Frey & C. Wellman (Eds.), Blackwell companion to applied ethics (pp. 279-294). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.