Killing in combat may be independently associated with suicidal ideation

Depression and Anxiety

Volumn 29, Issue 11, 2012, Pages 918-923

  Maguen, Shira ^a,b   Metzler, Thomas J ^a,b   Bosch, Jeane ^a   Marmar, Charles R ^c   Knight, Sara J ^a,b   Neylan, Thomas C ^a,b  

^a VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c NEW YORK UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

depression; killing; stress disorders, posttraumatic; suicide; veterans; war

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BATTLE INJURY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; RISK ASSESSMENT; STRUCTURED CLINICAL INTERVIEW FOR DSM DISORDERS; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; SUICIDAL IDEATION; SUICIDE ATTEMPT; UNITED STATES; VETERAN;

ADULT; COMBAT DISORDERS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; HOMICIDE; HUMANS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; SUICIDAL IDEATION; SUICIDE, ATTEMPTED; UNITED STATES; VETERANS; WAR;

EID: 84868546590     PISSN: 10914269     EISSN: 15206394     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/da.21954     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Berman, A., et al. Final report of the Department of Defense Task Force on the prevention of suicide by members of the armed forces; 2010. Available at: http://www.health.mil/dhb/downloads/ Suicide%20Prevention%20Task%20Force%20final%20report%208-23-10.pdf
2. Pollock DA, Rhodes P, Boyle CA, Decoufle P, McGee DL,. Estimating the number of suicides among Vietnam veterans. Am J Psychiatry 1990; 147: 772-776.
3. Kaplan MS, Huguet N, McFarland BH, Newsom JT,. Suicide among male veterans: A prospective population-based study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2007; 61: 619-624.
4. Weiderhold BK,. Lowering Suicide Risk in Returning Troops-Wounds of War. Amsterdam: Netherlands: IOS Press; 2008.
5. Jakupcak M, Cook J, Imel Z, Fontana A, Rosenheck R, McFall M,. Posttraumatic stress disorder as a risk factor for suicidal ideation in Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans. J Trauma Stress 2009; 22: 303-306.
6. Kang HK, Bullman TA,. Risk of suicide among U.S. veterans after returning from the Iraq or Afghanistan war zones. J Am Med Assoc 2008; 300: 652-653.
7. Maguen S, Luxton DD, Skopp NA, et al. Killing in combat, mental health symptoms, and suicidal ideation in Iraq War veterans. J Anxiety Disord 2011; 25: 563-567.
8. Pietrzak RH, Goldstein MB, Malley JC, Rivers A J, Johnson DC, Southwick SM,. Risk and protective factors associated with suicidal ideation in veterans of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. J Affect Disord 2010; 123: 102-107.
9. Bullman TA, Kang HK,. Posttraumatic stress disorder and the risk of traumatic deaths among Vietnam veterans. J Ner Men Dis 1994; 182: 604-610.
10. Boscarino JA,. Posttraumatic stress disorder and mortality among U.S. Army veterans 30 years after military service. Ann Epidemiol 2006; 16: 248-256.
11. Fontana A, Rosenheck R,. Attempted suicide among Vietnam veterans: A model of etiology in a community sample. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152: 102-109.
12. Hendin H, Haas AP,. Suicide and guilt as manifestations of PTSD in Vietnam combat veterans. Am J Psychiatry 1991; 148: 586-591.
13. Fontana A, Rosenheck R, Brett E,. War zone traumas and posttraumatic stress disorder symptomatology. J Ner Men Dis 1992; 180: 748-755.
14. Thoresen S, Mehlum L,. Traumatic stress and suicidal ideation in Norwegian male peacekeepers. J Ner Men Dis 2008; 196: 814-821.
15. Maguen S, Metzler TJ, Litz BT, Seal KH, Knight SJ, Marmar CR,. The impact of killing in war on mental health symptoms and related functioning. J Trauma Stress 2009; 22: 435-443.
16. Maguen S, Lucenko BA, Reger MA, et al. The impact of reported direct and indirect killing on mental health symptoms in Iraq War veterans. J Trauma Stress 2010; 23: 86-90.
17. Maguen S, Vogt DS, King LA, et al. The impact of killing on mental health symptoms in Gulf War veterans. Psychol Trauma 2011; 3: 21-26.
18. Kulka RA, Schlenger WE, Fairbank JA, et al. Trauma and the Vietnam War Generation. Report of the Findings from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study. New York: Brunner/Mazel; 1990.
19. Dohrenwend B, Turner JB, Turse NA, Adams, BG, Koenen KC, Marshall R,. Continuing controversy over the psychological risks of Vietnam for U.S. veterans. J Trauma Stress 2007; 20: 449-465.
20. Dohrenwend B, Turner JB, Turse NA, Lewis-Fernandez R, Yager TJ,. War-related posttraumatic stress disorder in Black, Hispanic, and majority White Vietnam veterans: the roles of exposure and vulnerability. J Trauma Stress 2008; 21: 133-141.
21. Jordan BK, Schlenger WE, Hough RL, et al. Lifetime and current prevalence of specific psychiatric disorders among Vietnam veterans and controls. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991; 48: 207-215.
22. Schlenger WE, Kulka RA, Fairbank JA, et al. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in the Vietnam generation: A multimethod, multisource assessment of psychiatric disorder. J Trauma Stress 1992; 5: 333-363.
23. Penk W, Robinowitz R, Black J, Dolan M, Bell W, Dorsett D,. Ethnicity: post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) differences among Black, White, and Hispanic veterans who differ in degrees of exposure to combat in Vietnam. J Clin Psychol 1989; 45: 729-735.
24. King DW, King LA, Gudanowski DM, Vreven DL,. Alternative representations of war zone stressors: relationships to posttraumatic stress disorder in male and female Vietnam veterans. J Abnorm Psychol 1995; 104: 184-195.
25. Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbons M,. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R. New York State Psychiatric Institute, Biometrics Research Institute; 1987.
26. Bryan CJ, Cukrowicz KC, West CL, Morrow CE,. Combat experience and the acquired capability for suicide. J Clin Psychol. 2010; 66: 1044-1056.
27. Joiner, TE,. Why People Die by Suicide. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; 2005.
28. Selby EA, Anestis MD, Bender TW, et al. Overcoming the fear of lethal injury: evaluating suicidal behavior in the military through the lens of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide. Clin Psychol Rev 2010; 3: 298-307.
29. Litz BT, Stein, N, Delaney E, et al. Moral injury and moral repair in war veterans: A preliminary model and intervention strategy. Clin Psychol Rev 2009; 29: 695-706.
30. Yurgelun-Todd DA, Bueler CE, McGlade EC, Churchwell JC, Brenner LA, Lopez-Larson MP,. Neuroimaging correlates of traumatic brain injury and suicidal behavior. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2011; 26: 276-289.
31. Nock MK, Hwang I, Sampson N, et al. Cross-national analysis of the associations among mental disorders and suicidal behavior: findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. PLoS Med 2009; 6 (8): e1000123.
32. Wolf EJ, Miller MW, Harrington KM, Reardon A,. Personality-based latent classes of posttraumatic psychopathology: Personality disorders and the internalizing/externalizing model. J Abnorm Psychol 2012; 121: 256-262.
33. Borges G, Angst J, Nock MK, Ruscio AM, Walters EE, Kessler RC,. A risk index for 12-month suicide attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R). Psychol Med 2006; 36: 1747-1757.
34. Chartrand H, Sareen J, Toews M, Bolton JM,. Suicide attempts versus nonsuicidal self-injury among individuals with anxiety disorders in a nationally representative sample. Depress Anxiety September 21, 2011. doi: 10.1002/da.20882. [Epub ahead of print].
35. Hanson S, Davis M, Altevogt B,. CNS Clinical Trials: Suicidality and Data Collection: Workshop Summary: Institute of Medicine. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2010
36. Hoge CW, Messer SC, Engel CC, et al. Priorities for psychiatric research in the U.S. military: An epidemiological approach. Mil Med 2003; 168: 182-185.