메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 241-242, Issue , 2012, Pages 267-278

Exposure to hazardous volatile pollutants back diffusing from automobile exhaust systems

Author keywords

Aldehydes; Automobiles; Back diffusion; Volatile organic compounds

Indexed keywords

AUTOMOBILE EXHAUST; BACK DIFFUSION; CO EMISSIONS; IN-VEHICLE; PROPIONALDEHYDE; REFERENCE CONDITION; TRIMETHYLBENZENE; VOLATILE POLLUTANTS;

EID: 84868468588     PISSN: 03043894     EISSN: 18733336     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.09.042     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (35)

References (47)
  • 1
    • 84877314646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Business dictionary, 2011, available at: (last accessed on 20.10.12).
    • Business dictionary, 2011, available at: (last accessed on 20.10.12). http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/automobile.html.
  • 2
    • 84877341369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plunkett Research
    • Automobile Industry Introduction,, available in (last retrieved on 2.05.12).
    • Plunkett Research, Automobile Industry Introduction, 2012, available in (last retrieved on 2.05.12). http://www.plunkettresearch.com/automobiles-trucks-market-research/industry-overview.
    • (2012)
  • 3
    • 84868492210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Korean Ministry of Environment
    • Korean Ministry of Environment,
    • Korean Ministry of Environment, Annual Report of Ambient Air Quality in Korea, Korean Ministry of Environment, 2008.
    • (2008) Annual Report of Ambient Air Quality in Korea
  • 4
    • 0026614087 scopus 로고
    • Toxics volatile organic compounds in urban air in Illinois
    • Sweet C.W., Vermette S.J. Toxics volatile organic compounds in urban air in Illinois. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1992, 26:165-173.
    • (1992) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.26 , pp. 165-173
    • Sweet, C.W.1    Vermette, S.J.2
  • 6
    • 0032005966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Applying receptor models to analyze urban/suburban VOCs-air quality in Martorell (Spain)
    • Baldasano J.M., Delgado R., Calbo J. Applying receptor models to analyze urban/suburban VOCs-air quality in Martorell (Spain). Environ. Sci. Technol. 1998, 32:405-412.
    • (1998) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.32 , pp. 405-412
    • Baldasano, J.M.1    Delgado, R.2    Calbo, J.3
  • 7
    • 0030251266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources attribution of ambient air toxic and others VOCs in Columbus, Ohio
    • Mukund R., Kelly T.J., Spicer C.W. Sources attribution of ambient air toxic and others VOCs in Columbus, Ohio. Atmos. Environ. 1996, 30(20):3457-3470.
    • (1996) Atmos. Environ. , vol.30 , Issue.20 , pp. 3457-3470
    • Mukund, R.1    Kelly, T.J.2    Spicer, C.W.3
  • 9
    • 84866374748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde in public places
    • Kim H.-H., Lim Y.-W., Shin D.-C., Shon J.-R., Yang J.-Y. Risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde in public places. Asian J. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 6:121-133.
    • (2011) Asian J. Atmos. Environ. , vol.6 , pp. 121-133
    • Kim, H.-H.1    Lim, Y.-W.2    Shin, D.-C.3    Shon, J.-R.4    Yang, J.-Y.5
  • 12
    • 84868486015 scopus 로고
    • Air toxics from mobile sources and the requirements of the 1990 clean air act amendments. VIP 23 toxic air pollutants from mobile sources: emissions and health effects
    • Lorang P. Air toxics from mobile sources and the requirements of the 1990 clean air act amendments. VIP 23 toxic air pollutants from mobile sources: emissions and health effects. Proceedings of a U.S. EPA/A&WMA International Specialty Conference Air Waste Manag. Assoc. 1992, 5-14.
    • (1992) Proceedings of a U.S. EPA/A&WMA International Specialty Conference Air Waste Manag. Assoc. , pp. 5-14
    • Lorang, P.1
  • 13
    • 29144527943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    • Blue ribbon panel on oxyenates in gasoline, achieving clean air and clean water, US Environmental Protection Agency,, Report 420-R-99-021, Washington, DC, September 15.
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Blue ribbon panel on oxyenates in gasoline, achieving clean air and clean water, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1999, Report 420-R-99-021, Washington, DC, September 15.
    • (1999)
  • 14
    • 84877358267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment & Human Health
    • Inc. (KHHI), The harmful effects of vehicular exhaust, a case for policy change, , available at: (last accessed on 25.04.12).
    • Environment & Human Health, Inc. (KHHI), The harmful effects of vehicular exhaust, a case for policy change, 2006, available at: (last accessed on 25.04.12). http://www.ehhi.org/reports/exhaust/exhaust06.pdf.
    • (2006)
  • 15
    • 79955051221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Protection Agency (HPA)
    • Toluene. General Information, version 2,, available at: (last accessed on 25.04.12).
    • Health Protection Agency (HPA), Toluene. General Information, version 2, 2010, available at: (last accessed on 25.04.12). http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb_C/1284473499242.
    • (2010)
  • 16
    • 84855229828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minnesota Department of Health (MDH)
    • Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in your home, available at: (last retrieved on 27.04.12).
    • Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in your home, 2010, available at: (last retrieved on 27.04.12). http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/indoorair/voc/vocfactsheet.pdf.
    • (2010)
  • 17
    • 84877326723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACS (American Cancer Society), Known and Probable Human Carcinogens, , available at: (last accessed on 28.10.12).
    • ACS (American Cancer Society), Known and Probable Human Carcinogens, 2012, available at: (last accessed on 28.10.12). http://www.cancer.org/Cancer/CancerCauses/OtherCarcinogens/GeneralInformatio%20naboutCarcinogens/known-and-probable-human-carcinogens.
    • (2012)
  • 18
    • 84877338954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    • Office of Research Development, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment: Washington, DC, 1992. EPA 600z-92y001.
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Guidelines for Exposure Assessment. Office of Research Development, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment: Washington, DC, 1992. EPA 600z-92y001.
    • Guidelines for Exposure Assessment
  • 19
    • 33846452878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of carbonyl compounds in public vehicles of Beijing city: concentrations, sources, and personal exposures
    • Pang X., Mu Y. Characteristics of carbonyl compounds in public vehicles of Beijing city: concentrations, sources, and personal exposures. Atmos. Environ. 2006, 41:1819-1824.
    • (2006) Atmos. Environ. , vol.41 , pp. 1819-1824
    • Pang, X.1    Mu, Y.2
  • 20
    • 0019422856 scopus 로고
    • Acetaldehyde-dependent changes in hemoglobin and oxygen affinity of human erythrocytes
    • Tsuboi K.K., Thompson D.J., Rush E.M., Schwartz H.C. Acetaldehyde-dependent changes in hemoglobin and oxygen affinity of human erythrocytes. Hemoglobin 1981, 5(3):241-250.
    • (1981) Hemoglobin , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 241-250
    • Tsuboi, K.K.1    Thompson, D.J.2    Rush, E.M.3    Schwartz, H.C.4
  • 21
    • 84870445323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Environment
    • New Zealand, Health-based guideline values, available at: (last accessed on 25.04.12).
    • Ministry of Environment, New Zealand, Health-based guideline values, 2012, available at: (last accessed on 25.04.12). http://www.mfe.govt.nz/publications/air/ambient-air-quality-may02/html/page4.html.
    • (2012)
  • 22
    • 0021058306 scopus 로고
    • Health effects of low-level exposure to formaldehyde
    • Main D.M., Hogan T.J. Health effects of low-level exposure to formaldehyde. J. Occup. Med. 1983, 25(12):896-900.
    • (1983) J. Occup. Med. , vol.25 , Issue.12 , pp. 896-900
    • Main, D.M.1    Hogan, T.J.2
  • 23
    • 0022370218 scopus 로고
    • Exposure to formaldehyde: relationship to respiratory symptoms and function
    • Bracken M.J., Leasa D.J., Morgan W.K. Exposure to formaldehyde: relationship to respiratory symptoms and function. Can. J. Public Health 1985, 76(5):312-316.
    • (1985) Can. J. Public Health , vol.76 , Issue.5 , pp. 312-316
    • Bracken, M.J.1    Leasa, D.J.2    Morgan, W.K.3
  • 25
    • 84868470466 scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    • Butyraldehyde fact sheet: support document,, EPA 749-F-95-005a.
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Pollution prevention and toxic, Butyraldehyde fact sheet: support document, 1994, EPA 749-F-95-005a.
    • (1994) Pollution prevention and toxic
  • 26
    • 0033046886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hazardous air pollution from mobile sources: a comparison of alternative fuel and reformulated gasoline vehicles
    • Winebrake J.J., Deaton M.L. Hazardous air pollution from mobile sources: a comparison of alternative fuel and reformulated gasoline vehicles. J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. 1999, 49:576-581.
    • (1999) J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. , vol.49 , pp. 576-581
    • Winebrake, J.J.1    Deaton, M.L.2
  • 27
    • 37349019485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    • Motor vehicle-related air toxic study, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Mobile Sources, Ann Arbor, MI, EPA Report No. EPA 420-R-93-005, April
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Motor vehicle-related air toxic study, US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Mobile Sources, Ann Arbor, MI, EPA Report No. EPA 420-R-93-005, April 1993.
    • (1993)
  • 28
    • 68149155800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    • Control of hazardous air pollutants from mobile sources: final rule to reduce mobile source air toxics , available in .
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Control of hazardous air pollutants from mobile sources: final rule to reduce mobile source air toxics (2007), available in http://www.epa.gov/otaq/regs/toxics/420f07017.htm.
    • (2007)
  • 29
    • 79952080120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The averaging effect of odorant mixing as determined by air dilution sensory tests: a case study on reduced sulfur compounds
    • Kim K-H. The averaging effect of odorant mixing as determined by air dilution sensory tests: a case study on reduced sulfur compounds. Sensors 2011, 11(2):1405-1417.
    • (2011) Sensors , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 1405-1417
    • Kim, K.-H.1
  • 30
    • 79952484493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Offensive odorants released from storm water catch basins (SCB) in an urban area
    • Kabir E., Kim K.H., Ahn J.-W., Hong O.F., Chang Y.-S. Offensive odorants released from storm water catch basins (SCB) in an urban area. Chemosphere 2010, 81:327-338.
    • (2010) Chemosphere , vol.81 , pp. 327-338
    • Kabir, E.1    Kim, K.H.2    Ahn, J.-W.3    Hong, O.F.4    Chang, Y.-S.5
  • 31
    • 79651469958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of major offensive odorants released from lake sediments
    • Susaya J., Kim K.-H., Chang Y.S. Characteristics of major offensive odorants released from lake sediments. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 45:1236-1241.
    • (2011) Atmos. Environ. , vol.45 , pp. 1236-1241
    • Susaya, J.1    Kim, K.-H.2    Chang, Y.S.3
  • 32
    • 84862826894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Release of offensive odorants from the combustion of barbecue charcoals
    • Rahman M.M., Kim K-H. Release of offensive odorants from the combustion of barbecue charcoals. J. Hazard. Mater. 2012, 215-216:233-242.
    • (2012) J. Hazard. Mater. , vol.215-216 , pp. 233-242
    • Rahman, M.M.1    Kim, K.-H.2
  • 33
    • 51649098684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance test of portable analyzers for hydrocarbon (THC) through a cross-calibration against gas chromatograph
    • Kim K-H., Pal R. Performance test of portable analyzers for hydrocarbon (THC) through a cross-calibration against gas chromatograph. Sens. Actuators 2008, B134:832-838.
    • (2008) Sens. Actuators , vol.B134 , pp. 832-838
    • Kim, K.-H.1    Pal, R.2
  • 34
    • 53649083878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment-friendly adhesives for surface bonding of wood-based fl{ligature}ooring using natural tannin to reduce formaldehyde and TVOC emission
    • Kim S. Environment-friendly adhesives for surface bonding of wood-based fl{ligature}ooring using natural tannin to reduce formaldehyde and TVOC emission. Bioresour. Technol. 2009, 100:744-748.
    • (2009) Bioresour. Technol. , vol.100 , pp. 744-748
    • Kim, S.1
  • 35
    • 37349019485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    • An introduction to indoor air quality (IQA),, available at: (last accessed on 2.05.12).
    • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, An introduction to indoor air quality (IQA), 2012, available at: (last accessed on 2.05.12). http://www.epa.gov/iaq/ia-intro.html.
    • (2012)
  • 36
    • 36048989389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of in-vehicle volatile organic compounds under static condition
    • Wei Y.K., Shan G.Y., Bin H., Wu N.Z., Tang Z.S., Ni Z.Y., Peng X. Measurement of in-vehicle volatile organic compounds under static condition. J. Environ. Sci. 2007, 19:1208-1213.
    • (2007) J. Environ. Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 1208-1213
    • Wei, Y.K.1    Shan, G.Y.2    Bin, H.3    Wu, N.Z.4    Tang, Z.S.5    Ni, Z.Y.6    Peng, X.7
  • 37
    • 29844454416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volatile organic compounds in ambient air of Mumbai-India
    • Srivastava A., Joseph A.E., Devotta S. Volatile organic compounds in ambient air of Mumbai-India. Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40:892-903.
    • (2006) Atmos. Environ. , vol.40 , pp. 892-903
    • Srivastava, A.1    Joseph, A.E.2    Devotta, S.3
  • 38
    • 0032805903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentration of volatile organic compounds in the passenger side and the back seat of automobiles
    • Jo W.-K., Park K.-H. Concentration of volatile organic compounds in the passenger side and the back seat of automobiles. J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 1999, 9:217-222.
    • (1999) J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. , vol.9 , pp. 217-222
    • Jo, W.-K.1    Park, K.-H.2
  • 39
    • 0035953085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to volatile organic compounds for individuals with occupations associated with potential exposure to motor vehicle exhaust and/or gasoline vapor emissions
    • Jo W-K., Song K-B. Exposure to volatile organic compounds for individuals with occupations associated with potential exposure to motor vehicle exhaust and/or gasoline vapor emissions. Sci. Total Environ. 2001, 269:25-37.
    • (2001) Sci. Total Environ. , vol.269 , pp. 25-37
    • Jo, W.-K.1    Song, K.-B.2
  • 40
    • 0030069619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in the passenger compartments of automobiles
    • Lawryki N.J., Weisel C.P. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in the passenger compartments of automobiles. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1996, 30:810-816.
    • (1996) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.30 , pp. 810-816
    • Lawryki, N.J.1    Weisel, C.P.2
  • 41
    • 0038632266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exposure to particulate matter volatile organic compounds, and other air pollutants inside patrol cars
    • Riediker M., Williams R., Devlin R., Griggs T., Bromberg P. Exposure to particulate matter volatile organic compounds, and other air pollutants inside patrol cars. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37:2084-2093.
    • (2003) Environ. Sci. Technol. , vol.37 , pp. 2084-2093
    • Riediker, M.1    Williams, R.2    Devlin, R.3    Griggs, T.4    Bromberg, P.5
  • 42
    • 0026875198 scopus 로고
    • Die Belastung der Bev̈olkerung durch Schadstoffe im Kraftfahrzeug-Innenraum-Beispiel Benzol
    • Eikmann T., Kramer M., Goebel H. Die Belastung der Bev̈olkerung durch Schadstoffe im Kraftfahrzeug-Innenraum-Beispiel Benzol. Zbl. Hyg. 1992, 193:41-52.
    • (1992) Zbl. Hyg. , vol.193 , pp. 41-52
    • Eikmann, T.1    Kramer, M.2    Goebel, H.3
  • 43
    • 84859703120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbonyl emissions from vehicular exhausts sources in Hong Kong
    • Lam K.M., Feng N.S.Y., Huang T. Carbonyl emissions from vehicular exhausts sources in Hong Kong. J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. 2012, 62(2):221-234.
    • (2012) J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. , vol.62 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-234
    • Lam, K.M.1    Feng, N.S.Y.2    Huang, T.3
  • 44
    • 0036007931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In-vehicle exposure to aldehydes while commuting on real commuter routers in a Korean urban area
    • Jo W.-K., Lee J.-W. In-vehicle exposure to aldehydes while commuting on real commuter routers in a Korean urban area. Environ. Res. 2002, A88:44-517.
    • (2002) Environ. Res. , vol.A88 , pp. 44-517
    • Jo, W.-K.1    Lee, J.-W.2
  • 45
    • 85059019384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agency of Toxic Substance and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
    • US, DHHS, Public Health Service,
    • Agency of Toxic Substance and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Toxicological profile for formaldehyde, US, DHHS, Public Health Service, 1999.
    • (1999) Toxicological profile for formaldehyde
  • 46
    • 84871515136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agency of Toxic Substance and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
    • US, DHHS, Public Health Service,
    • Agency of Toxic Substance and Disease Registry (ATSDR),) Toxicological profile for benzene, US, DHHS, Public Health Service, 2007.
    • (2007) Toxicological profile for benzene
  • 47
    • 84884105663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agency of Toxic Substance and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
    • US, DHHS, Public Health Service,
    • Agency of Toxic Substance and Disease Registry (ATSDR), Toxicological profile for toluene, US, DHHS, Public Health Service, 2000.
    • (2000) Toxicological profile for toluene


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.