Italian validation of the Purpose in Life (PIL) test and the Seeking of Noetic Goals (SONG) test in a population of cancer patients

Supportive Care in Cancer

Volumn 20, Issue 11, 2012, Pages 2775-2783

  Brunelli, C ^a   Bianchi, E ^a   Murru, L ^a   Monformoso, P ^b   Bosisio, M ^a   Gangeri, L ^a   Miccinesi, G ^c   Scrignaro, M ^d   Ripamonti, C ^a   Borreani, C ^a  

^a NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (Italy)

^b Italian Society of Logotherapy and Existential Analysis   (Italy)

^c Institute for the Study and Prevention of Cancer ISPO   (Italy)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MILANO BICOCCA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Cancer; Logotherapy; Meaning in life; Psychological treatment; Validation

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BREAST CANCER; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER HORMONE THERAPY; CANCER LOCALIZATION; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; COLORECTAL CANCER; CONSTRUCT VALIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION COEFFICIENT; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; CULTURAL FACTOR; EXPECTATION; FACTORIAL ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HEAD AND NECK CANCER; HUMAN; INTERNAL CONSISTENCY; ITALY; LIVER CANCER; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MALIGNANT NEOPLASTIC DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOMETRY; PURPOSE IN LIFE TEST; QUESTIONNAIRE; RELIGION; SARCOMA; SEEKING OF NOETIC GOALS TEST; SPEECH THERAPY; TEST RETEST RELIABILITY;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGED; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FACTOR ANALYSIS, STATISTICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; ITALY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MOTIVATION; NEOPLASMS; PILOT PROJECTS; PSYCHOMETRICS; PSYCHOTHERAPY; QUESTIONNAIRES; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SEX FACTORS; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 84868447214     PISSN: 09414355     EISSN: 14337339     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-012-1399-6     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Melton AMA, Schulenberg SE (2008) On the measurement of meaning: logotherapy's empirical contributions to humanistic psychology. Humanist Psychol 36:31-44
2. Breitbart W (2002) Spirituality and meaning in supportive care: spirituality- and meaning-centered group psychotherapy interventions in advanced cancer. Support Care Cancer 10:272-280
3. Visser A, Garssen B, Vingerhoets A (2010) Spirituality and wellbeing in cancer patients: a review. Psychooncology 19:565-572. doi:10.1002/pon.1626
4. Stefanek M, McDonald PG, Hess SA (2005) Religion, spirituality and cancer: current status and methodological challenges. Psycho-Oncology 14:450-463
5. Lee V, Cohen SR, Edgar L et al (2004) Clarifying "meaning" in the context of cancer research: a systematic literature review. Palliat Support Care 2:291-303
6. White CA (2004) Meaning and its measurement in psychosocial oncology. Psychooncology 13:468-481
7. Park CL (2010) Making sense of the meaning literature: an integrative review of meaning making and its effects on adjustment to stressful life events. Psychol Bull 136:257-301. doi:10.1037/a0018301
8. Snyder CR, Lopez SJ (2002) Handbook of positive psychology. University Press, Oxford, New York
9. Frankl VE (1959) The spiritual dimension in existential analysis and logotherapy. J Individ Psychol 15:157-165
10. Maslow AH, Maslow AH, Maslow AH (1968) Toward a psychology of being. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
11. Yalom ID (1980) Existential psychotherapy. Basic Books, New York
12. Frankl VE (1959) Man's search for meaning: an introduction to logotherapy. Beacon Press, Boston
13. Frankl V (2004) On the theory and therapy of mental disorders: an introduction to logotherapy and existential analysis (JM DuBois, Trans.). New York, NY: Brunner-Routledge.(Original work, 8th ed., published 1999)
14. Jim HS, Purnell JQ, Richardson SA et al (2006) Measuring meaning in life following cancer. Qual Life Res; 15: 1355-1371. Published on 20060713. doi:10.1007/s11136-006-0028-6
15. Morgan J, Farsides T (2009) Measuring meaning in life. Journal of Happiness Studies 10:197-214
16. Reker GT, Peacock EJ (1981) The Life Attitude Profile (LAP): a multidimensional instrument for assessing attitudes toward life. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science 13:264-273
17. Battista J, Almond R. The development of meaning in life. Psychiatry 1973: 409-427.
18. Schulenberg SE, Melton AMA (2010) A confirmatory factoranalytic evaluation of the Purpose in Life test: preliminary psychometric support for a replicable two-factor model. Journal of Happiness Studies : 1-17.
19. Crumbaugh JC, Maholick LT (1964) An experimental study in existentialism: the psychometric approach to Frankl's concept of noogenic neurosis. J Clin Psychol 20:200-207
20. Crumbaugh JC (1977) The Seeking of Noetic Goals Test (SONG): a complementary scale to the Purpose in Life Test (PIL). J Clin Psychol 33:900-907
21. Zika S, Chamberlain K (1992) On the relation between meaning in life and psychological well-being. Br J Psychol 83(Pt 1):133-145
22. Sink CA, van Keppel J, Purcell M (1998) Reliability estimates of the Purpose in Life and Seeking Noetic Goals tests with rural and metropolitan-area adolescents. Percept Mot Skills 86:362
23. Reker GT, Fry PS (2003) Factor structure and invariance of personal meaning measures in cohorts of younger and older adults. Personal Individ Differ 35:977-993
24. Steger MF (2006) An illustration of issues in factor extraction and identification of dimensionality in psychological assessment data. J Pers Assess 86:263-272. doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa8603-03
25. Dyck MJ (1987) Assessing logotherapeutic constructs: conceptual and psychometric status of the Purpose in Life and Seeking of Noetic Goals Tests. Clin Psychol Rev 7:439-447
26. Schulenberg SE (2004) A psychometric investigation of logotherapy measures and the Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45.2). North American Journal of Psychology
27. Reker GT, Cousins J (1979) Factor structure, construct validity and reliability of the Seeking of Noetic Goals (SONG) and Purpose in Life (PIL) tests. J Clin Psychol 35:85-91
28. Walters LH, Klein AE (1980) A cross-validated investigation of the Crumbaugh purpose-in-life test. Educ Psychol Meas 40:1065
29. Harlow LL, Newcomb MD, Bentler PM (1987) Purpose in Life Test assessment using latent variable methods. Br J Clin Psychol 26(Pt 3):235-236
30. Shek DT (1988) Reliability and factorial structure of the Chinese version of the Purpose in Life Questionnaire. J Clin Psychol 44:384-392
31. Chamberlain K, Zika S (1988) Measuring meaning in life: an examination of three scales. Personal Individ Differ 9:589-596
32. Marsh A, Smith L, Piek J, Saunders B (2003) The purpose in life scale: psychometric properties for social drinkers and drinkers in alcohol treatment. Educ Psychol Meas 63:859
33. Noguchi W, Morita S, Ohno T et al (2006) Spiritual needs in cancer patients and spiritual care based on logotherapy. Support Care Cancer; 14: 65-70. Published on 20050426. doi:10.1007/s00520-005-0827-2
34. Fegg MJ, KramerM, L'hoste S, Borasio GD (2008) The Schedule for Meaning in Life Evaluation (SMiLE): validation of a new instrument for meaning-in-life research. J Pain Symptom Manage; 35: 356-364. Published on 20080128. doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.05.007
35. Jonsen E, Fagerstrom L, Lundman B et al (2009) Psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Purpose in Life scale. Scand J Caring Sci. Published on 20091103. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6712.2008.00682.x
36. Breitbart W, Rosenfeld B, Gibson C et al (2010) Meaning-centered group psychotherapy for patients with advanced cancer: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Psycho-Oncology 19:21-28. doi:10.1002/pon.1556
37. Lee V, Robin Cohen S, Edgar L et al (2006) Meaning-making intervention during breast or colorectal cancer treatment improves self-esteem, optimism, and self-efficacy. Soc Sci Med; 62: 3133-3145. Published on 20060118. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.11.041
38. Mazzotti E, Mazzuca F, Sebastiani C et al (2010) Predictors of existential and religious well-being among cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2010; 19: 1931-1907. Published on 20101125. doi:10.1007/s00520-010-1033-4
39. Vespa A, Jacobsen PB, Spazzafumo L, Balducci L (2011) Evaluation of intrapsychic factors, coping styles, and spirituality of patients affected by tumors. Psycho-Oncology 20:5-11
40. Crumbauch J, Maholick LT (1969) Manual of Instructions for the purpose in life test: Psychometric Affiliates Munster, IN.
41. Crumbaugh JC (1968) Cross-validation of purpose-in-life test based on Frankl's concepts. J Individ Psychol 24:74-81
42. Meier A, Edwards H (1974) Purpose-in-Life Test: age and sex differences. J Clin Psychol 30:384-386
43. Reker GT (1977) The Purpose-in-Life Test in an inmate population: an empirical investigation. J Clin Psychol 33:688-693
44. Kaiser HF (1974) An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika 39:31-36
45. Cattell RB (1966) The scree test for the number of factors. Multivar Behav Res 1:245-276
46. Kaiser HF (1960) The application of electronic computers to factor analysis. Educ Psychol Meas 20:141
47. Reker GT (1992) Life Attitude Profile - Revised. Student Psychologists Press, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada
48. Taylor EJ (1993) Factors associated with meaning in life among people with recurrent cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum 20:1399-1405, discussion 1406-7
49. Gerwood JB, LeBlanc M, Piazza N (1998) The purpose-in-life test and religious denomination: Protestant and Catholic scores in an elderly population. J Clin Psychol 54:49-53