Current electrophysiology in ophthalmology: A review

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

Volumn 23, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 497-505

  Young, Blair ^a   Eggenberger, Eric ^a   Kaufman, David ^a  

^a East Lansing   (United States)

Author keywords

flash electroretinogram; multifocal electroretinogram; multifocal visual evoked potential; visual evoked potential

Indexed keywords

HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE;

CLINICAL EXAMINATION; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; ELECTRODE; ELECTRORETINOGRAM; EVOKED VISUAL RESPONSE; FLASH ELECTRORETINOGRAM; GLAUCOMA; HUMAN; HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE MACULOPATHY; INTRAOCULAR LYMPHOMA; LYMPHOMA; MULTIFOCAL ELECTRORETINOGRAM; OPHTHALMOLOGY; OPHTHALMOSCOPY; OPTIC NERVE DISEASE; PERIMETRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROCEDURES; REFRACTION ERROR; RETINA MACULOPATHY; REVIEW; SENSORY SYSTEM ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; VISUAL FIELD DEFECT;

ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; ELECTRORETINOGRAPHY; EVOKED POTENTIALS, VISUAL; EYE DISEASES; HUMANS; PHOTIC STIMULATION; VISION DISORDERS;

EID: 84867774458     PISSN: 10408738     EISSN: 15317021     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e328359045e     Document Type: Review

References (65)

1. Holmgren F. Method att objectivera effecten af ljusintryck pa° retina. Uppsala Läk För Förh 1865; 1:184-198.
2. Einthoven W, Jolly W. The form and magnitude of the electrical response of the eye to stimulation by light at various intensities. Q J Exp Physiol 1908; 1:373-416.
3. Granit R. The components of the retinal action potential in mammals and their relation to the discharge in the optic nerve. J Physiol 1933; 77:207-239.
4. Perlman I. The electroretinogram (ERG). 2007. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gom/books/NBK11554. [Accessed on 7 March 2012]
5. Regan D, Heron R. Clinical investigation of lesions of the visual pathway: a new objective technique. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1969; 32:479-483.
6. Creel D. The electroretinogram: clinical applications. 2011. http://webvision.-med.utah.edu/book/electrophysiology. [Accessed 28 March 2012]
7. Armington J, Johnson E, Riggs L. The scotopic a-wave in the electrical response of the human retina. J Physiol 1952; 118:289-298.
8. Miller R, Dowling J. Intracellular responses of the Muller (glial) cells of mudpuppy retina: their relation to the b-wave of the electroretinogram. J Neurophysiol 1970; 33:323-341.
9. Stockton R, Slaughter M. B-wave of the electroretinogram: a reflection on ON bipolar cell activity. J Gen Physiol 1989; 93:101-122. (Pubitemid 19039905)
10. Perlman I. Relationship between the amplitudes of the b-wave and the a-wave as a useful index for evaluating the electroretinogram. Br J Ophthalmol 1983; 67:443-448. (Pubitemid 13066611)
11. Wachtmeister L. Oscillatory potentials in the retina: what do they reveal? Prog Retin Eye Res 1998; 17:485-521. (Pubitemid 28432979)
12. Marmor M, Fulton A, Holder G, et al. ISCEV standard for full-field clinical electroretinography (2008 update). Doc Ophthalmol 2008; 118:69-77.
13. Dodt E, Wadenstein L. The use of flicker electroretinography in the human eye. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1954; 32:165-180.
14. Adrian E. Rod and cone components in the electric response of the eye. J Physiol 1946; 105:24-37.
15. Fishman G, Sokoi S. Electrophysiologic testing in disorders of the retina, optic nerve, and visual pathway. Am Acad Ophthalmol 1990; :1-142.
16. Kim R, Retsas S, Fitzke F, et al. Cutaneous melanoma-associated retinopathy. Ophthalmology 1994; 101:1837-1843. (Pubitemid 24378868)
17. Weinstein J, Kelman S, Bresnick G, et al. Paraneoplastic retinopathy associated with antiretinal bipolar cell antibodies in cutaneous malignant melanoma. Ophthalmology 1994; 101:1236-1243. (Pubitemid 24236082)
18. Berson E. Electroretinographic findings in retinitis pigmentosa. Jpn J Ophthalmol 1987; 31:327-348. (Pubitemid 17141463)
19. Karpe G, Rendahl I. Clinical electroretinography in detachment of the retina. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1969; 47:633-641.
20. Matsumoto C, Shinoda K, Yamada K, Nakatsuka K. Photopic negative response reflects severity of ocular circulatory damage after central retinal artery occlusion. Ophthalmologica 2009; 223:362-369.
21. Noble K, Carr R. Leber's congenital amaurosis: a retrospective study of 33 cases and a histopathological study of one case. Arch Ophthalmol 1978; 96:818-821. (Pubitemid 8314553)
22. Papakostopoulos D, Hart J, Corrall R, Harney B. The scotopic electroretinogram to blue flashes and pattern reversal visual evoked potentials in insulin dependent diabetics. Int J Psychophysiol 1996; 21:33-43. (Pubitemid 26059461)
23. Tremblay F, Laroche R, Becker I. The electroretinographic diagnosis of the incomplete form of congenital stationary night blindness. Vision Res 1995; 35:2383-2393.
24. Langrova H, Gamer D, Friedberg C, et al. Abnormalities of the long flash ERG in congenital stationary night blindness of the Schubert-Bornschein type. Vision Res 2002; 42:1475-1483. (Pubitemid 34603546)
25. Moore A. Cone and rod dystrophies. J Med Genet 1992; 29:289-290.
26. Yasuda C, Ueno S, Kondo M, et al. Analyses of ERG in a patient with intraocular lymphoma. Clin Ophthalmol 2010; 4:301-306.
27. Kriss A, Jeffrey B, Taylor D. The electroretinogram in infants and young children. J Clin Neurophysiol 1992; 9:373-393.
28. Zeidler I. The clinical electroretinogram. IX. The normal electroretinogramvalue of the b-potential in different age groups and its difference in men and women. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1951; 29:25-32.
29. Weisinger H, Vingrys et al. Electrodiagnostic methods in vision I, II & III. Clin Exp Optom 1996; 79:50-85.
30. Wright C, Williams D, Drasdo N, Harding F. The influence of age on the electroretinogram and visual evoked potential. Doc Ophthalmol 1985; 59:365-384. (Pubitemid 15020562)
31. Weleber R. The effect of age on human cone and ganzfeld electroretinograms. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1981; 20:392-399. (Pubitemid 11014847)
32. Pallin O. The influence of axial length of the eye on the size of the recorded b-potential in the clinical single-flash electroretinogram. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1969; 47:1-47.
33. Birch D, Berson E, Sanberg M. Diurnal rhythm of the human rod ERG. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1984; 25:236-238. (Pubitemid 14192714)
34. Holder G, Brigell M, Hawlina M, et al. ISCEV standard for clinical pattern electroretinography (2007 update). Doc Ophthalmol 2007; 114:111-116. (Pubitemid 46681692)
35. Miller N, Newman N. The visual sensory system: electrophysiologic tests. In: Walsh and Hoyt's clinical neuro-ophthalmology. 6th ed. 2005; 1:1-12.
36. Wang J, Cheng H, Hu Y, et al. The photopic negative response of the flash electroretinogram in multiple sclerosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2011; 53:1315-1323.
37. Froehlich J, Kaufman DI. The pattern electroretinogram: N95 amplitudes in normal subjects and optic neuritis patients. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1993; 88:83-91. (Pubitemid 23092211)
38. Kaufman D, Celesia G. Simultaneous recording of pattern electroretinogram and visual evoked responses in neuroophthalmologic disorders. Neurology 1985; 35:644.
39. Celesia G, Kaufman D, Cone S. Effects of age and sex on pattern electroretinograms and visual evoked potentials. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1987; 68:161-171. (Pubitemid 17060117)
40. Hood D, Bach M, Brigell M, et al. ISCEV standard for clinical multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) (2011 edition). Doc Ophthalmol 2012; 124:1-13.
41. Kondo M, Miyake Y, Horiguchi M, et al. Clinical evaluation of multifocal electroretinogram. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1995; 36:2146-2150.
42. Marmor M. Comparison of screening procedures in hydroxychloroquine toxicity. Arch Ophthalmol 2012; 130:461-469.
43. Miguel-Jimenez J, Ortega S, Boquete L, et al. Multifocal ERG wavelet packet decomposition applied to glaucoma diagnosis. Biomed Eng Online 2011; 10:37.
44. Odom V, Bach M, Brigell M, et al. ISVEC standard for clinical visual evoked potentials (2009 update). Doc Ophthalmol 2010; 120:111-119.
45. Evans A. Clinical utility of evoked potentials. 2012. http://emedicine.medscape. com/article/1137451. [Accessed 7 March 2012]
46. Hammond S, Yiannikas C. Contribution of pattern reversal foveal and half-field stimulation to analysis of VEP abnormalities in multiple sclerosis. Electroencephalogr Neurophysiol 1986; 64:101-118. (Pubitemid 16057725)
47. Halliday A, McDonald J, Muchin J. Delayed visual evoked response in optic neuritis. Lancet 1972; 299:982-985.
48. Atilla H, Tekeli O, Ornek K. Pattern electroretinography and visual evoked potentials in optic nerve diseases. J Clin Neurosci 2006; 13:55-59. (Pubitemid 43061129)
49. Brigell M, Kaufman D, Bobak P, et al. The pattern visual evoked potential. A multicenter study using standardized techniques. Doc Ophthalmol 1994; 86:65-79. (Pubitemid 24270420)
50. Polman C, Reingold S, Edan G, et al. Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the 'McDonald Criteria'. Ann Neurol 2005; 58:840-846. (Pubitemid 41746873)
51. Abboud S, Bar L, Rosenfeld M, et al. Left-right asymmetry of visual evoked potentials in brain damaged patients: a mathematical model and experimental results. Ann Biomed Eng 1996; 24:75-86.
52. Tabatabai S, Soleimani M, Alizadeh M, et al. Predictive value of visual evoked potentials, relative afferent pupillary defect, and orbital fractures in patients with traumatic optic neuropathy. Clin Ophthalmol 2011; 5:1021-1026.
53. Park S, Park S, Chang J, Ohn Y. Study for analysis of the multifocal visual evoked potential. Korean J Ophthalmol 2011; 25:334-340.
54. Heravian J, Saghafi M, Shoeibi N, et al. A comparative study of the usefulness of color vision, photostress recovery time, and visual evoked potential tests in early detection of ocular toxicity from hydroxychloroquine. Int Ophthalmol 2011; 31:283-289.
55. Anand A, De Moraes C, Teng C, et al. Short-duration transient visual evoked potential for objective measurement of refractive errors. Doc Ophthalmol 2011; 123:141-147.
56. Celesia G, Daly R. Effects of aging on visual-evoked responses. Arch Neurol 1977; 34:403-407.
57. Sokol S, Dobson V. Pattern reversal visually-evoked potential. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1976; 15:58-62.
58. Hawkes C, Stow B. Pupil size and the pattern-evoked visual response. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1981; 44:90-91. (Pubitemid 11137877)
59. Korth M, Nguyen N. The effect of stimulus size on human cortical potentials evoked by chromatic patterns. Vision Res 1997; 37:649-657. (Pubitemid 27095469)
60. Regan D. Rapid objective refraction using evoked brain potential. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1973; 12:669-679.
61. Yuksel A, Sarslan O, Devranoglu K. Effect of valproate and carbamazepine on visual evoked potentials in epileptic children. Acta Paediatr Jpn 1995; 37:358-361.
62. Froehlich J, Kaufman DI. Effect of decreased retinal illumination on simultaneously recorded pattern electroretinograms and visual-evoked potentials. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1991; 32:310-318.
63. Hood D, Greenstein V. Multifocal VEP and ganglion cell damage: applications and limitations for the study of glaucoma. Prog Retin Eye Res 2003; 22:201-251. (Pubitemid 36246533)
64. Jayaraman M, Ambika S, Gandhi R, et al. Multifocal visual evoked potential recordings in compressive optic neuropathy secondary to pituitary adenoma. Doc Ophthalmol 2010; 121:197-204.
65. Wall M, Woodward K, Sleep T. The multifocal VEP in optic neuropathies and homonymous hemianopias. Perimetry update 2002/2003.