Socio-economic distribution of cardiovascular risk factors and knowledge in rural India

International Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 41, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 1302-1314

  Justin Zaman, M ^a,b   Patel, Anushka ^a,c   Jan, Stephen ^a   Hillis, Graham S ^a   Raju, P Krishnam ^d   Neal, Bruce ^a   Chow, Clara K ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c The George Institute   (India)

^d CARE Foundation   (India)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular diseases; India; Risk factors; Risk reduction behaviour; Socio economic status

Indexed keywords

ALCOHOL;

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DISEASE PREVALENCE; HEALTH EDUCATION; KNOWLEDGE; PARTICIPATORY APPROACH; QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY; RISK FACTOR; RURAL AREA; SMOKING; SOCIOECONOMIC SURVEY;

ADULT; ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; ARTICLE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; DIABETES MELLITUS; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; EMPLOYMENT STATUS; FAMILY HISTORY; FEMALE; FOOD INTAKE; FRUIT; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; IMMOBILIZATION; INCOME; INDIA; MALE; OBESITY; OCCUPATION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; RURAL AREA; SCREENING; SMOKING; SOCIAL STATUS; TOBACCO;

ADULT; AGED; ALCOHOL DRINKING; BODY WEIGHTS AND MEASURES; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CHRONIC DISEASE; DIET; FEMALE; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE; HUMANS; INDIA; MALE; MASS SCREENING; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; RURAL POPULATION; SMOKING; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

INDIA;

NICOTIANA TABACUM;

EID: 84867598830     PISSN: 03005771     EISSN: 14643685     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyr226     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Marmot MG, Adelstein AM, Robinson N, Rose GA. Changing social-class distribution of heart disease. Br Med J 1978;2:1109-12.
2. Sobal J, Stunkard AJ. Socioeconomic status and obesity: a review of the literature. Psychol Bull 1989;105:260-75.
3. Marmot MG, Rose G, Shipley M, Hamilton PJ. Employment grade and coronary heart disease in British civil servants. J Epidemiol Commun Health 1978; 32:244-49.
4. Registrar General. Occupational Mortality 1970-72: Decennial Supplement.London: HMSO1978.
5. Sorensen G, Gupta PC, Pednekar MS. Social Disparities in Tobacco Use in Mumbai, India: the roles of occupation, education, and gender. Am J Public Health 2005;95:1003-1008.
6. Monteiro CA, Moura EC, Conde WL, Popkin BM. Socioeconomic status and obesity in adult populations of developing countries: a review. Bull World Health Organ 2004;82:940-46.
7. Reddy KS, Prabhakaran D, Jeemon P et al. Educational status and cardiovascular risk profile in Indians. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007;104:16263-68.
8. Gupta R, Kaul V, Agrawal A, Guptha S, Gupta VP. Cardiovascular risk according to educational status in India. Prev Med 2010;51:408-11.
9. Joshi R, Cardona M, Iyengar S et al. Chronic diseases now a leading cause of death in rural India-mortality data from the Andhra Pradesh Rural Health Initiative. Int J Epidemiol 2006;35:1522-29.
10. Gajalakshmi V, Peto R. Verbal autopsy of 80,000 adult deaths in Tamilnadu, South India. BMC Public Health 2004;4:47.
11. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Baskar AD et al. Temporal changes in prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance associated with lifestyle transition occurring in the rural population in India. Diabetologia 2004;47:860-65.
12. Chow CK, Naidu S, Raju K et al. Significant lipid, adiposity and metabolic abnormalities amongst 4535 Indians from a developing region of rural Andhra Pradesh. Atherosclerosis 2008;196:943-52.
13. Chow CK, Raju PK, Raju R et al. The prevalence and management of diabetes in rural India. Diabetes Care 2006;29:1717-18.
14. Kesterton A, Cleland J, Sloggett A, Ronsmans C. Institutional delivery in rural India: the relative importance of accessibility and economic status. BioMed Central Pregnancy and Childbirth 2010;10:30.
15. Kinra S, Bowen LJ, Lyngdoh T et al. Sociodemographic patterning of non-communicable disease risk factors in rural India: a cross sectional study. BMJ 2010;341: c4974.
16. Siahpush M, McNeill A, Hammond D, Fong GT. Socioeconomic and country variations in knowledge of health risks of tobacco smoking and toxic constituents of smoke: results from the 2002 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey. Tob Control 2006; 3(15 Suppl):iii65-70.
17. Janz NK, Becker MH. The Health Belief Model: a decade later. Health Educ Q 1984;11:1-47.
18. Jepson RG, Harris FM, Platt S, Tannahill C. The effectiveness of interventions to change six health behaviours: a review of reviews. BioMed Central Public Health 2010;10:538.
19. Census of India. Provisional Population Totals.
20. Chow CK. Cardiovascular risk factor levels and cardiovascular risk estimation in a rural area of India [PhD]Sydney: University of Sydney, 2007.
21. D'Agostino RB, Russell MW, Huse DM et al. Primary and subsequent coronary risk appraisal: new results from the Framingham study. Am Heart J 2000;139: 272-81.
22. National Classification of Occupations, NCO Divisions. Directorate General of Employment and Training New Delhi, India: Ministry of Labour, 2004.
23. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension 2003;42:1206-52.
24. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. WHO Technical Report Series 854. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1995.
25. World Health Organization/International Diabetes Foundation. Definition And Diagnosis Of Diabetes Mellitus And Intermediate Hyperglycaemia. Geneva: WHO, 2006.
26. Gupta R, Gupta VP, Ahluwalia NS. Educational status, coronary heart disease, and coronary risk factor prevalence in a rural population of India. BMJ 1994;309: 1332-36.
27. Gupta R, Kaul V, Agrawal A, Guptha S, Gupta VP. Cardiovascular risk according to educational status in India. Prev Med 2010;51:408-11.
28. Kirby DB, Laris BA, Rolleri LA. Sex and HIV education programs: their impact on sexual behaviors of young people throughout the world. J Adolesc Health 2007;40: 206-17.
29. Secker-Walker R, Gnich W, Platt S, Lancaster T. Community interventions for reducing smoking among adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2002; CD001745.
30. Singhal N, Misra A, Shah P, Gulati S. Effects of controlled school-based multi-component model of nutrition and lifestyle interventions on behavior modification, anthropometry and metabolic risk profile of urban Asian Indian adolescents in North India. Eur J Clin Nutr 2010; 64:364-73.
31. Reddy KS, Yusuf S. Emerging epidemic of cardiovascular disease in developing countries. Circulation 1998;97: 596-601.
32. Costanzo S, Di Castelnuovo A, Donati MB, Iacoviello L, de Gaetano G. Alcohol Consumption and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. J Am College Cardiol 2010;55:1339-47.
33. International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and ORCMacro. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2), Mumbai: IIPS; 1998-99. 2000.
34. Kingdon GG. The progress of school education in India. Oxford Rev Economic Policy 2007;23:168-95.
35. Agardh E, Allebeck P, Hallqvist J, Moradi T, Sidorchuk A. Type 2 diabetes incidence and socio-economic position: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2011;40:804-18.
36. Howe LD, Hargreaves JR, Huttly SR. Issues in the construction of wealth indices for the measurement of socio-economic position in low-income countries. Emerg Themes Epidemiol 2008;5:3.
37. Filmer D, Pritchett LH. Estimating wealth effects without expenditure data-or tears: an application to educational enrollments in states of India. Demography 2001;38: 115-32.
38. Monteiro CA, Conde WL, Popkin BM. Independent effects of income and education on the risk of obesity in the Brazilian adult population. J Nutr 2001;131:881S-6S.
39. Patrick DL, Cheadle A, Thompson DC, Diehr P, Koepsell T, Kinne S. The validity of self-reported smoking: a review and meta-analysis. Am J Public Health 1994; 84:1086-93.
40. Lampe F, Mary W, Lucy TL, Peter HW, Shah E. Validity of a Self-reported History of Doctor-diagnosed Angina. J Clin Epidemiol 1999;52:73-81.
41. Bowlin SJ, Morrill BD, Nafziger AN, Lewis C, Pearson TA. Reliability and changes in validity of self-reported cardiovascular disease risk factors using dual response: the behavioral risk factor survey. J Clin Epidemiol 1996;49: 511-17.
42. Macintyre S, Der G, Norrie J. Are there socioeconomic differences in responses to a commonly used self report measure of chronic illness? Int J Epidemiol 2005;34: 1284-90.
43. Saeed O, Gupta V, Dhawan N et al. Knowledge of modifiable risk factors of Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease (CASHD) among a sample in India. BMC Int Health Human Rights 2009;9:2.