Glancing and then looking: On the role of body, affect, and meaning in cognitive control

Frontiers in Psychology

Volumn 2, Issue DEC, 2011, Pages

  Su, Li ^a,b   Bowman, Howard ^c   Barnard, Philip ^b  

^a University of Cambridge   (United Kingdom)

^b MRC COGNITION AND BRAIN SCIENCES UNIT   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF KENT   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Attentional blink; Body state; Cognitive control; Computational modeling; Emotion

Indexed keywords

EID: 84867049208     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16641078     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00348     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Abeles, M., Bergman, H., Margalis, E., and Vaadia, E. (1993). Spatiotemporal firing patterns in the frontal cortex of behaving monkeys. J. Neurophysiol. 70, 1629-1638.
2. Anderson, A. K. (2005). Affective influences on the attentional dynamics supporting awareness. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 134, 258-281.
3. Anderson, A. K., and Phelps, E. A. (2001). Lesions of the human amygdala impair enhanced perception of emotionally salient events. Nature 411, 305-309.
4. Arend, I., Johnston, S., and Shapiro, K. (2006). Task irrelevant visual motion and flicker attenuate the attentional blink. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 13, 600-607.
5. Arnell, K. M., Killman, K. V., and Fijavz, D. (2007). Blinded by emotion: target misses follow attention capture by arousing distractors in RSVP. Emotion 7, 465-477.
6. Barnard, P. J. (1985). "Interacting cognitive subsystems: a psycholinguistic approach to short-term memory," in Progress in the Psychology of Language, Vol. 2, ed. A. Ellis (Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Ltd.), 197-258.
7. Barnard, P. J. (1999). "Interacting cognitive subsystems: modelling working memory phenomena with a multi-processor architecture," in Models of Working Memory, eds A. Miyake and P. Shah (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 298-339.
8. Barnard, P. J. (2004). Bridging between basic theory and clinical practice. Behav. Res. Ther. 42, 977-1000.
9. Barnard, P. J., and Bowman, H. (2003). Rendering information processing models of cognition and affect computationally explicit: distributed executive control and the deployment of attention. Cogn. Sci. Q. 3, 297-328.
10. Barnard, P. J., Duke, D. J., Byrne, R. W., and Davidson, I. (2007). Differentiation in cognitive and emotional meanings: an evolutionary analysis. Cogn. Emot. 21, 1155-1183.
11. Barnard, P. J., Ramponi, C., Battye, G., and Mackintosh, B. (2005). Anxiety and the deployment of visual attention over time. Vis. Cogn. 12, 181-211.
12. Barnard, P. J., Scott, S., Taylor, J., May, J., and Knightley, W. (2004). Paying attention to meaning. Psychol. Sci. 15, 179-186.
13. Bechara, A., Damasio, H., and Damasio, A. R. (2000). Emotion, decision making and the orbitofrontal cortex. Cereb. Cortex 10, 295-307.
14. Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., and Damasio, A. R. (2005). The Iowa gambling task and the somatic marker hypothesis: some questions and answers. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 9, 159-162.
15. Bishop, S. J., Duncan, J., and Lawrence, A. D. (2004). State anxiety modulation of the amygdala response to unattended threat-related stimuli. J. Neurosci. 24, 10364-10368.
16. Bond, A. H. (1999). Describing behavioural states using a system model of the primate brain. Am. J. Primatol. 49, 315-338.
17. Botvinick, M., Braver, T., Barch, D., Carter, C., and Cohen, J. (2001). Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. Psychol. Rev. 108, 624-652.
18. Bowman, H., and Gomez, R. S. (2006). Concurrency Theory, Calculi and Automata for Modelling Untimed and Timed Concurrent Systems.London: Springer.
19. Bowman, H., Su, L., Wyble, B., and Barnard, P. J. (2011). Salience Sensitive Control, Temporal Attention and Stimulus-Rich Reactive Interfaces, Human Attention in Digital Environments. Cambridge: University Press.
20. Bowman, H., and Wyble, B. (2007). The simultaneous type, serial token model of temporal attention and working memory. Psychol. Rev. 114, 38-70.
21. Broadbent, D. E., and Broadbent, M. H. P. (1987). From detection to identification: response to multiple targets in rapid serial visual presentation. Percept. Psychophys. 42, 105-113.
22. Chun, M. M., and Potter, M. C. (1995). A two-stage model for multiple target detection in rapid serial visual presentation. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 21, 109-127.
23. Cohen, J. D., Dunbar, K., and McClelland, J. L. (1990). On the control of automatic processes: a parallel distributed processing account of the Stroop effect. Psychol. Rev. 97, 332-361.
24. Coltheart, M., Patterson, K., and Marshall, J. C. (eds). (1987). Deep Dyslexia. London: Routledge, 23-43.
25. Cousineau, D., Brown, S., and Heathcote, A. (2004). Fitting distributions using maximum likelihood: methods and packages. Behav. Res. Methods Instrum. Comput. 36, 277-290.
26. Cousineau, D., Charbonneau, D., and Jolicoeur, P. (2006). Parameterizing the attentional blink effect. Can. J. Exp. Psychol. 60, 175-189.
27. Crick, F., and Koch, C. (2003). A framework for consciousness. Nat. Neurosci. 6, 119-126.
28. Damasio, A. (1994). Descartes' Error. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons.
29. Davelaar, E. J. (2008). A computational study of conflict-monitoring at two levels of processing: reaction time distributional analyses and hemodynamic responses. Brain Res. 1202, 109-119.
30. Duncan, J. (2010). The multipledemand (MD) system of the primate brain: mental programs for intelligent behaviour. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 14, 172-179.
31. Erickson, T. D., and Mattson, M. E. (1981). From words to meaning: a semantic illusion. J. Verb. Learn. Verb. Behav. 20, 540-551.
32. Flaisch, T., Junghofer, M., Bradley, M. M., Schupp, H. T., and Lang, P. J. (2007). Rapid picture processing: affective primes and targets. Psychophysiology 45, 1-10.
33. Fox, E., Russo, R., Bowles, R. J., and Dutton, K. (2001). Do threatening stimuli draw or hold visual attention in sub-clinical anxiety? J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 130, 681-700.
34. Gaillard, R., del Cul, A., Naccache, L., Vinckier, F., Cohen, L., and Dehaene, S. (2006). Nonconscious semantic processing of emotional words modulates conscious access. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103, 7524-7529.
35. Georgiou, G. A., Bleakly, C., Hayward, J., Russo, R., Dutton, K., Eltiti, S., and Fox, E. (2005). Focusing on fear: attentional disengagement from emotional faces. Vis. Cogn. 12, 145-158.
36. Grill-Spector, K., and Kanwisher, N. (2005). Visual recognition: as soon as you know it is there, you know what it is. Psychol. Sci. 16, 152-160.
37. Heller, W., and Nitschke, J. B. (1997). Regional brain activity in emotion: a framework for understanding cognition in depression. Cogn. Emot. 11, 637-661.
38. Houghton, G., and Tipper, S. P. (1994). "A model of inhibitory mechanisms in selective attention," in Inhibitory Processes in Attention, Memory, and Language, eds D. Dagenbach and T. H. Carr (San Diego, CA: Academic Press), 53-112.
39. Huang, Y. M., Baddeley, A., and Young, A. W. (2008). Attentional capture by emotional stimuli is modulated by semantic processing. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 34, 328-339.
40. Jay, Y. (2009). The utility and ubiquity of taboo words. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 4, 153-161.
41. Koster, E. H. W., Crombez, G., Verschuere, B., and De Houwer, J. (2006). Attention to threat in anxiety-prone individuals: mechanisms underlying attentional bias. Behav. Res. Ther. 30, 635-643.
42. Lamme, V. A. (2003). Why visual attention and awareness are different. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 7, 12-18.
43. Landauer, T. K., and Dumais, S. T. (1997). A solution to Plato's problem: the latent semantic analysis theory of the acquisition, induction and representation of knowledge. Psychol. Rev. 104, 211-240.
44. Landauer, T. K., Foltz, P. W., and Laham, D. (1998). Introduction to latent semantic analysis. Discourse Process. 25, 259-284.
45. Landauer, T. K., McNamara, D. S., and Dennis, S. (eds). (2007). Handbook of Latent Semantic Analysis. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
46. LeDoux, J. E. (1996). The Emotional Brain. New York: Simon and Schuster.
47. LeDoux, J. E., Sakaguchi, A., Iwata, J., and Reis, D. J. (1986). Interruption of projections from the medial geniculate body to an archineostriatal field disrupts the classical conditioning of emotional responses to acoustic stimuli. Neuroscience 17, 615-627.
48. Leyman, L., De Raedt, R., Schacht, R., and Koster, E. H. W. (2007). Attentional biases for angry faces in unipolar depression. Psychol. Med. 37, 393-402.
49. Mackworth, J. (1963). The duration of the visual image. Can. J. Psychol. 17, 62-68.
50. Maki, W. S., Frigen, K., and Paulsen, K. (1997). Associative priming by targets and distractors during rapid serial presentation. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 23, 1014-1034.
51. Mangan, B. (2001). Sensation's ghost: the non-sensory "fringe" of consciousness. Psyche (Stuttg) 7.
52. Marr, D. (2000). "Vision," in Minds, Brains and Computers, The Foundation of Cognitive Science (An Anthology), eds R. Cummins and D. D. Cummins (Malden, MA: Blackwell), 69-83.
53. Mathews, A., and Mackintosh, B. (1998). A cognitive model of selective processing in anxiety. Cognit. Ther. Res. 22, 539-560.
54. Mathews, A., Mackintosh, B., and Fulcher, E. P. (1997). Cognitive biases in anxiety and attention to threat. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 1, 340-345.
55. May, J. (2004). An information processing view of fringe consciousness. Psyche (Stuttg) 10.
56. Miller, E. K., and Cohen, J. D. (2001). An integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function. Annu.Rev.Neurosci.24, 167-202.
57. Montague, P. R., Dayan, P., and Sejnowski, T. J. (1996). A framework for mesencephalic dopamine systems based on predictive Hebbian learning. J. Neurosci. 16, 1936-1947.
58. Newell, A. (1990). Unified Theories of Cognition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
59. Ohman, A., and Soares, J. J. F. (1994). Unconscious anxiety: phobic responses to masked stimuli. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 103, 231-240.
60. Olivers, C. N. L., and Nieuwenhuis, S. (2005). The beneficial effects of concurrent task irrelevant mental activity on temporal attention. Psychol. Sci. 16, 265-269.
61. Olivers, C. N. L., and Nieuwenhuis, S. (2006). The beneficial effects of additional task load, positive affect, and instruction on the attentional blink. J. Exp. Psychol. 32, 364-379.
62. O'Reilly, R. C., and Munakata, Y. (2000). Computational Explorations in Cognitive Neuroscience: Understanding the Mind by Simulating the Brain. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
63. Panzeri, S., Rolls, E. T., Battaglia, F., and Lavis, R. (2001). Speed of feedforward and recurrent processing in multilayer networks of integrate-and-fire neurons. Network 12, 423-440.
64. Pessoa, L. (2008). On the relationship between emotion and cognition. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 148-158.
65. Phelps, E. A., Ling, S., and Carrasco, M. (2006). Emotion facilitates perception and potentiates the perceptual benefits of attention. Psychol. Sci. 17, 292-299.
66. Raymond, J. E., Shapiro, K. L., and Arnell, K. M. (1992). Temporary suppression of visual processing in an RSVP task: an attentional blink. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 18, 849-860.
67. Roediger, H. L., and McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: remembering words not presented in lists. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 21, 803-814.
68. Schultz, W., Dayan, P., and Montague, P. R. (1997). A neural substrate of prediction and reward. Science 275, 1593-1598.
69. Shapiro, K. L., Arnell, K. M., and Raymond, J. E. (1997a). The attentional blink. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.) 1, 291-296.
70. Shapiro, K. L., Caldwell, J. I., and Sorensen, R. E. (1997b). Personal names and the attentional blink: the cocktail party revisited. J. Exp. Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 23, 504-514.
71. Shapiro, K. L., and Luck, S. J. (1999). "The attentional blink: a front-end mechanism for fleeting memories," in Fleeting Memories, Cognition of Brief Visual Stimuli, ed. V. Coltheart (Boston, MA: A Bradford Book, MIT Press), 95-118.
72. Spielberger, C. D. (1972). Anxiety: Current trends in theory and research: I. New York, NY: Academic Press.
73. Spielberger, C. D. (1983). Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), PaloAlto, CA: Consulting Psycholo-gists Press.
74. Su, L., Bowman, H., Barnard, P.J., and Wyble, B. (2009). Process algebraic modelling of attentional capture and human electro physiology ininteractive systems. Formal Aspect. Comput. 21, 513-539.
75. Su, L., Bowman, H., and Barnard, P. J. (2007). Attentional capture by meaning, amulti-level modelling study. 29th Annual Meeting of the Congitive Science Society, Nashville, TN, 1521-1526.
76. Taatgen, N.A., Juvina, I., Herd, S., Jilk, D., and Martens, S. (2007). "Attentionalblink:aninternal trafficjam?" in Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Ann Arbor, MI.
77. Taylor, J.G., and Fragopanagos, N. (2005). The interaction of attention and emotion. Neural Networks 18, 353-369.
78. Teasdale, J.D. (1999). Emotional processing, three modes of mind, and the prevention of relapse in depression. Behav. Res. Ther. 37, S53-S77.
79. Teasdale, J.D., and Barnard, P.J. (1993). Affect, Cognition and Change: Remodelling Depressive Thought. Hove: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Van Zandt, T. (2000). How to fit a response time distribution. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 7, 424-465.
80. Visser, T.A.W., Bischof, W.F., and Di Lollo, V. (1999). Attentional switching in spatial and non-spatial domains: evidence from the attentional blink. Psychol. Bull. 125, 458-469.
81. Wyble, B., Bowman, H., and Nieuwenstein, M. (2009). The attentional blink provides episodic distinctiveness: sparing at a cost. J. Exp.Psychol. Hum. Percept. Perform. 35, 787-807.
82. Wyble, B., Sharma, D., and Bowman, H. (2008). Strategic regulation of cognitive control by emotionals alience: a neural network model.Cogn. Emot. 22, 1019-1051.
83. Yiend, J., and Mathews, A. (2001). Anxiety and attention to threatening pictures. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 54, 665-681.
84. Zylberberg, A., Slezak, D.F., Roelfsema, P.R., Dehaene, S., and Sigman, M. (2010). The brain's router: acortical network model of serial processing in the primate brain. PLoS Comput. Biol. 6, e1000765. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000765.