메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 539-560

A cognitive model of selective processing in anxiety

Author keywords

Ambiguity; Anxiety; Attention; Theory; Threat

Indexed keywords

ANXIETY; ATTENTION; AVERSIVE BEHAVIOR; COGNITION; CONDITIONING; HUMAN; MEMORY; MODEL; PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY; REVIEW; TASK PERFORMANCE; THREAT;

EID: 0032419255     PISSN: 01475916     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1018738019346     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (577)

References (73)
  • 4
    • 0344660770 scopus 로고
    • Anxiety and attentional bias: State and trait
    • Broadbent, D. E., & Broadbent, M. (1988). Anxiety and attentional bias: State and trait. Cognition and Emotion, 2, 165-83.
    • (1988) Cognition and Emotion , vol.2 , pp. 165-183
    • Broadbent, D.E.1    Broadbent, M.2
  • 5
    • 0001611921 scopus 로고
    • Trait anxiety, anxious mood, and threat detection
    • Bryne, A., & Eysenck, M. W. (1995). Trait anxiety, anxious mood, and threat detection. Cognition and Emotion, 9, 549-562.
    • (1995) Cognition and Emotion , vol.9 , pp. 549-562
    • Bryne, A.1    Eysenck, M.W.2
  • 6
    • 0028172570 scopus 로고
    • b-Adrenergic activation and memory for emotional events
    • Cahill, L., Prins, B., Weber, M., & McGaugh, J. L. (1994). b-Adrenergic activation and memory for emotional events. Nature, 371, 702-704.
    • (1994) Nature , vol.371 , pp. 702-704
    • Cahill, L.1    Prins, B.2    Weber, M.3    McGaugh, J.L.4
  • 8
    • 84937308070 scopus 로고
    • Ego-threat interpretative bias in test anxiety: On-line inferences
    • Calvo, M. G., Eysenck, M. W., & Estevez, A. (1994). Ego-threat interpretative bias in test anxiety: On-line inferences. Cognition and Emotion, 8, 127-146.
    • (1994) Cognition and Emotion , vol.8 , pp. 127-146
    • Calvo, M.G.1    Eysenck, M.W.2    Estevez, A.3
  • 9
    • 0025395382 scopus 로고
    • Semantic priming and repetition from masked words: Evidence for a center-surround attentional mechanism in perceptual recognition
    • Carr, T. H., & Dagenbach, D. (1990). Semantic priming and repetition from masked words: Evidence for a center-surround attentional mechanism in perceptual recognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 16, 341-350.
    • (1990) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition , vol.16 , pp. 341-350
    • Carr, T.H.1    Dagenbach, D.2
  • 10
    • 0013695566 scopus 로고
    • On the control of automatic processes: A parallel distributed processing account of the Stroop effect
    • Cohen, J. D., Dunbar, K., & McCleland, J. L. (1990). On the control of automatic processes: A parallel distributed processing account of the Stroop effect. Psychological Review, 99, 45-77.
    • (1990) Psychological Review , vol.99 , pp. 45-77
    • Cohen, J.D.1    Dunbar, K.2    McCleland, J.L.3
  • 11
    • 0031203973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personality, punishment and procedural learning: A test of J. A. Gray's anxiety theory
    • Corr, P. J., Pickering, A. D., & Gray, J. A. (1997). Personality, punishment and procedural learning: A test of J. A. Gray's anxiety theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 337-344.
    • (1997) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.73 , pp. 337-344
    • Corr, P.J.1    Pickering, A.D.2    Gray, J.A.3
  • 12
    • 0028456122 scopus 로고
    • Temperament and attention: Orienting toward and away from positive and negative signals
    • Derryberry, D., & Reed, M. A. (1994). Temperament and attention: Orienting toward and away from positive and negative signals. Journal of Personality Social Psychology, 66, 1128-1139.
    • (1994) Journal of Personality Social Psychology , vol.66 , pp. 1128-1139
    • Derryberry, D.1    Reed, M.A.2
  • 14
    • 0000387656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective processing of threatening words in anxiety: The role of awareness
    • Fox, E. (1996). Selective processing of threatening words in anxiety: The role of awareness. Cognition and Emotion, 10, 449-480.
    • (1996) Cognition and Emotion , vol.10 , pp. 449-480
    • Fox, E.1
  • 15
    • 0343245855 scopus 로고
    • The construction of evaluative maps: Affective computations in the amygdala
    • B. Kappen & S. Gielen (Eds.), Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag
    • Fulcher, E. (1995). The construction of evaluative maps: Affective computations in the amygdala. In B. Kappen & S. Gielen (Eds.), Neural Networks: Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Applications (pp. 95-99). Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag.
    • (1995) Neural Networks: Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Applications , pp. 95-99
    • Fulcher, E.1
  • 19
    • 0024484239 scopus 로고
    • Unconscious processing of dichotically masked words
    • Greenwald, A. G., Klinger, M. R., & Liu, T. J. (1989). Unconscious processing of dichotically masked words. Memory and Cognition, 17, 35-47.
    • (1989) Memory and Cognition , vol.17 , pp. 35-47
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    Klinger, M.R.2    Liu, T.J.3
  • 20
    • 0029266690 scopus 로고
    • Activation by marginally perceptible ("subliminal") stimuli: Dissociation of unconscious from conscious cognition
    • Greenwald, A. G., Klinger, M. R., & Schuh, E. S. (1995). Activation by marginally perceptible ("subliminal") stimuli: Dissociation of unconscious from conscious cognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 124, 22-42.
    • (1995) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.124 , pp. 22-42
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    Klinger, M.R.2    Schuh, E.S.3
  • 21
    • 0025007464 scopus 로고
    • Vivid memories of emotional events: The accuracy of remembered minutiae
    • Heuer, F., & Reisberg, D. (1990). Vivid memories of emotional events: The accuracy of remembered minutiae. Memory and Cognition, 18, 496-506.
    • (1990) Memory and Cognition , vol.18 , pp. 496-506
    • Heuer, F.1    Reisberg, D.2
  • 22
    • 0031464479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpretive inferences when reading about emotional events
    • Hirsch, C., & Mathews, A. (1997). Interpretive inferences when reading about emotional events. Behavior Research and Therapy, 35, 1123-1132.
    • (1997) Behavior Research and Therapy , vol.35 , pp. 1123-1132
    • Hirsch, C.1    Mathews, A.2
  • 23
    • 0002913699 scopus 로고
    • A model of inhibitory mechanisms in selective attention
    • D. Dagenbach & T. H. Carr (Eds.), San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Houghton, G., & Tipper, S. P. (1994). A model of inhibitory mechanisms in selective attention. In D. Dagenbach & T. H. Carr (Eds.), Inhibitory processes in attention memory and language (pp. 53-112). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1994) Inhibitory Processes in Attention Memory and Language , pp. 53-112
    • Houghton, G.1    Tipper, S.P.2
  • 24
    • 0022136171 scopus 로고
    • Stress-induced recovery of fears and phobias
    • Jacobs, W. J., & Nadel, L. (1985). Stress-induced recovery of fears and phobias. Psychological Review, 92, 512-531.
    • (1985) Psychological Review , vol.92 , pp. 512-531
    • Jacobs, W.J.1    Nadel, L.2
  • 26
    • 0029107645 scopus 로고
    • Emotion: Clues from the brain
    • LeDoux, J. E. (1995). Emotion: Clues from the brain. Annual Review of Psychology, 46, 209-235.
    • (1995) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.46 , pp. 209-235
    • LeDoux, J.E.1
  • 28
    • 0027230732 scopus 로고
    • Anxiety and the interpretation of ambiguity: A text comprehension study
    • MacLeod, C., & Cohen, I. L. (1993). Anxiety and the interpretation of ambiguity: A text comprehension study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 238-247.
    • (1993) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.102 , pp. 238-247
    • MacLeod, C.1    Cohen, I.L.2
  • 29
    • 0026586487 scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in the selective processing of threatening information, and emotional responses to a stressful life event
    • Macleod, C., and Hagan, R. (1992). Individual differences in the selective processing of threatening information, and emotional responses to a stressful life event. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 30, 151-161.
    • (1992) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.30 , pp. 151-161
    • Macleod, C.1    Hagan, R.2
  • 31
    • 0026006450 scopus 로고
    • Biased cognitive operations in anxiety: Accessibility of information or assignment of processing priorities
    • MacLeod, C., & Mathews, A. (1991). Biased cognitive operations in anxiety: Accessibility of information or assignment of processing priorities. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 29, 599-610.
    • (1991) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.29 , pp. 599-610
    • MacLeod, C.1    Mathews, A.2
  • 33
    • 0028854053 scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit memory bias in anxiety: A conceptual replication
    • MacLeod, C., & McLaughlin, K (1995). Implicit and explicit memory bias in anxiety: A conceptual replication. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 1-14.
    • (1995) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.33 , pp. 1-14
    • MacLeod, C.1    McLaughlin, K.2
  • 34
    • 0026730319 scopus 로고
    • Anxiety and the selective processing of emotional information: Mediating roles of awareness, trait and state variables, and personal relevance of stimulus materials
    • MacLeod, C., & Rutherford, E. M. (1992). Anxiety and the selective processing of emotional information: Mediating roles of awareness, trait and state variables, and personal relevance of stimulus materials. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 30, 479-491.
    • (1992) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.30 , pp. 479-491
    • MacLeod, C.1    Rutherford, E.M.2
  • 35
    • 0020742492 scopus 로고
    • Conscious and unconscious perception: An approach to the relations between phenomenal experience and perceptual processes
    • Marcel, A. J. (1983). Conscious and unconscious perception: An approach to the relations between phenomenal experience and perceptual processes. Cognitive Psychology, 15, 238-300.
    • (1983) Cognitive Psychology , vol.15 , pp. 238-300
    • Marcel, A.J.1
  • 36
    • 0025649760 scopus 로고
    • Why worry? The cognitive function of anxiety
    • Mathews, A. (1990). Why worry? The cognitive function of anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 28, 455-468.
    • (1990) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.28 , pp. 455-468
    • Mathews, A.1
  • 38
    • 0028025780 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive approaches to emotion and emotional disorders
    • Mathews, A., & MacLeod, C. (1994). Cognitive approaches to emotion and emotional disorders. Annual Review of Psychology, 45, 25-50.
    • (1994) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.45 , pp. 25-50
    • Mathews, A.1    MacLeod, C.2
  • 39
    • 0025339785 scopus 로고
    • Attentional bias in anxiety: Selective search or defective filtering?
    • Mathews, A., May, J., Mogg, K., & Eysenck, M. (1990). Attentional bias in anxiety: Selective search or defective filtering? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 99, 166-173.
    • (1990) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.99 , pp. 166-173
    • Mathews, A.1    May, J.2    Mogg, K.3    Eysenck, M.4
  • 40
    • 84937316187 scopus 로고
    • Processing of emotional meaning in anxiety
    • Mathews, A., & Milroy, R. (1994). Processing of emotional meaning in anxiety. Cognition and Emotion, 8, 535-553.
    • (1994) Cognition and Emotion , vol.8 , pp. 535-553
    • Mathews, A.1    Milroy, R.2
  • 41
    • 0028906758 scopus 로고
    • Effect of psychological treatment on cognitive bias in generalized anxiety disorder
    • Mathews, A., Mogg, K., Kentish, J., & Eysenck, M. (1995). Effect of psychological treatment on cognitive bias in generalized anxiety disorder. Behavior Research and Therapy, 33, 293-303.
    • (1995) Behavior Research and Therapy , vol.33 , pp. 293-303
    • Mathews, A.1    Mogg, K.2    Kentish, J.3    Eysenck, M.4
  • 43
    • 0024615139 scopus 로고
    • Interpretation of homophones related to threat in anxiety states
    • Mathews, A., Richards, A., & Eysenck, M. (1989). Interpretation of homophones related to threat in anxiety states. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 98, 31-34.
    • (1989) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.98 , pp. 31-34
    • Mathews, A.1    Richards, A.2    Eysenck, M.3
  • 44
    • 0000252698 scopus 로고
    • Suppression of emotional Stroop effects by fear-arousal
    • Mathews, A., & Sebastian S. (1993). Suppression of emotional Stroop effects by fear-arousal. Cognition and Emotion, 7, 517-530.
    • (1993) Cognition and Emotion , vol.7 , pp. 517-530
    • Mathews, A.1    Sebastian, S.2
  • 45
    • 0000511602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connectionist models of emotional distress and attentional bias
    • Matthews, G., & Harley, T. A. (1996). Connectionist models of emotional distress and attentional bias. Cognition and Emotion, 10, 561-600.
    • (1996) Cognition and Emotion , vol.10 , pp. 561-600
    • Matthews, G.1    Harley, T.A.2
  • 47
    • 0031815299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cognitive-motivational analysis of anxiety
    • Mogg, K., & Bradley, B. (1998). A cognitive-motivational analysis of anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 809-848.
    • (1998) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.36 , pp. 809-848
    • Mogg, K.1    Bradley, B.2
  • 48
    • 0029120515 scopus 로고
    • A follow-up study of cognitive bias in generalized anxiety disorder
    • Mogg, K., Bradley, B. P., Millar, N., & White, J. (1995). A follow-up study of cognitive bias in generalized anxiety disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 927-935.
    • (1995) Behaviour Research and Therapy , vol.33 , pp. 927-935
    • Mogg, K.1    Bradley, B.P.2    Millar, N.3    White, J.4
  • 49
    • 0027315815 scopus 로고
    • Subliminal processing of emotional information in anxiety and depression
    • Mogg, K., Bradley, B. P., Williams, R., & Mathews, A. (1993), Subliminal processing of emotional information in anxiety and depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 304-311.
    • (1993) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.102 , pp. 304-311
    • Mogg, K.1    Bradley, B.P.2    Williams, R.3    Mathews, A.4
  • 50
    • 0000258883 scopus 로고
    • Attentional bias to threat in clinical anxiety states
    • Mogg, K., Mathews, A., & Eysenck, M. (1992). Attentional bias to threat in clinical anxiety states. Cognition and Emotion, 6, 149-159.
    • (1992) Cognition and Emotion , vol.6 , pp. 149-159
    • Mogg, K.1    Mathews, A.2    Eysenck, M.3
  • 51
    • 0025900392 scopus 로고
    • Biased cognitive operations in anxiety: Artefact, processing priorities or attentional search?
    • Mogg, K., Mathews, A., Eysenck, M , & May, J. (1991). Biased cognitive operations in anxiety: Artefact, processing priorities or attentional search? Behavior Research and Therapy, 29, 459-467.
    • (1991) Behavior Research and Therapy , vol.29 , pp. 459-467
    • Mogg, K.1    Mathews, A.2    Eysenck, M.3    May, J.4
  • 52
    • 0027600502 scopus 로고
    • Affect, cognition, and awareness: Affective priming with optimal and suboptimal stimulus exposures
    • Murphy, S. T., & Zajonc, R. B. (1993). Affect, cognition, and awareness: Affective priming with optimal and suboptimal stimulus exposures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 723-739.
    • (1993) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.64 , pp. 723-739
    • Murphy, S.T.1    Zajonc, R.B.2
  • 54
    • 0006053666 scopus 로고
    • The effect of high and low trait anxiety on implicit and explicit memory tasks
    • Nugent, K., & Mineka, S. (1994). The effect of high and low trait anxiety on implicit and explicit memory tasks. Cognition and Emotion, 8, 147-164.
    • (1994) Cognition and Emotion , vol.8 , pp. 147-164
    • Nugent, K.1    Mineka, S.2
  • 55
    • 0001804388 scopus 로고
    • Fear and anxiety as emotional phenomena
    • M. Lewis & J. Haviland (Eds.), New York: Guilford Press
    • Öhman, A. (1993). Fear and anxiety as emotional phenomena. In M. Lewis & J. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 511-536). New York: Guilford Press.
    • (1993) Handbook of Emotions , pp. 511-536
    • Öhman, A.1
  • 56
    • 0028271210 scopus 로고
    • "Unconscious anxiety": Phobic responses to masked stimuli
    • Öhman, A., & Soares, J. J F. (1994). "Unconscious anxiety": Phobic responses to masked stimuli. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 231-240.
    • (1994) Journal of Abnormal Psychology , vol.103 , pp. 231-240
    • Öhman, A.1    Soares, J.J.F.2
  • 57
    • 0032012707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emotional conditioning to masked stimuli: Expectancies for aversive outcomes following non-recognized fear-relevant stimuli
    • Öhman, A., & Soares, J. J. F. (1998). Emotional conditioning to masked stimuli: Expectancies for aversive outcomes following non-recognized fear-relevant stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 127, 69-82.
    • (1998) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.127 , pp. 69-82
    • Öhman, A.1    Soares, J.J.F.2
  • 63
    • 0002598243 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory processes in the recognition of homograph meanings
    • D. Dagenbach & T. H. Carr (Eds.), San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • Simpson, G. B., & Kang, H. (1994). Inhibitory processes in the recognition of homograph meanings. In D. Dagenbach & T. H. Carr (Eds.), Inhibitory processes in attention memory and language (pp. 359-382). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1994) Inhibitory Processes in Attention Memory and Language , pp. 359-382
    • Simpson, G.B.1    Kang, H.2
  • 64
    • 0023968228 scopus 로고
    • Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health
    • Taylor, S. E., & Brown, J. D. (1988). Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 193-210.
    • (1988) Psychological Bulletin , vol.103 , pp. 193-210
    • Taylor, S.E.1    Brown, J.D.2
  • 65
    • 0002947931 scopus 로고
    • Beyond perception: Conceptual contributions to unconscious influences of memory
    • G. Underwood (Ed.), New York: Oxford University Press
    • Toth, J. P., & Reingold, E. M. (1995). Beyond perception: Conceptual contributions to unconscious influences of memory. In G. Underwood (Ed.), Implicit cognition (pp. 41-84). New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (1995) Implicit Cognition , pp. 41-84
    • Toth, J.P.1    Reingold, E.M.2
  • 66
    • 0001879520 scopus 로고
    • The perception of features and objects
    • A. Baddeley & L. Weiskrantz (Eds.), Oxford, U.K.: Clarendon Press
    • Treisman, A. (1993). The perception of features and objects In A. Baddeley & L. Weiskrantz (Eds.), Attention: Selection, awareness, and control (pp. 5-35). Oxford, U.K.: Clarendon Press.
    • (1993) Attention: Selection, Awareness, and Control , pp. 5-35
    • Treisman, A.1
  • 71
    • 0001213144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subliminal affective priming resists attributional interventions
    • Winkielman, P., Zajonc, R. B., & Schwarz, N. (1997). Subliminal affective priming resists attributional interventions. Cognition and Emotion, 11, 433-465.
    • (1997) Cognition and Emotion , vol.11 , pp. 433-465
    • Winkielman, P.1    Zajonc, R.B.2    Schwarz, N.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.