Modeling the impact of prepregnancy BMI, physical activity, and energy intake on gestational weight gain, infant birth weight, and postpartum weight retention

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Volumn 9, Issue 7, 2012, Pages 1020-1029

  Montpetit, Amy E ^a   Plourde, Hugues ^a   Cohen, Tamara R ^a   Koski, Kristine G ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Exercise; Healthy lifestyle; Nutrition; Pedometers

Indexed keywords

EID: 84867008113     PISSN: 15433080     EISSN: 15435476     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1123/jpah.9.7.1020     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. nstitute of Medicine. Weight gain during pregnancy: reex-amining the guidelines; 2009. Retrieved July 11, 2009, from: www.iom.edu
2. Walker LO. Predictors of weight gain at 6 and 18 months after childbirth: a pilot study. JOGNN. 1996;25:39-48. PubMed doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.1996. tb02511.x
3. Walker LO, Sterling BS, Timmerman GM. Retention of pregnancy-related weight in the early postpartum period: implications for women's health services. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2005;34:418-427. PubMed doi:10.1177/ 0884217505278294
4. Melzer K, Schutz Y. Pre-pregnancy and pregnancy predictors of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2010;34:S44-S52. PubMed doi:10.1038/ijo.2010.239
5. Schmitt NM, Nicholson WK, Schmitt J. The association of pregnancy and the development of obesity-results of a systematic review and meta-analysis on the natural history of postpartum weight retention. Int J Obes. 2007;31:1642-1651. PubMed doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803655
6. Kramer MS. Determinants of low birth weight: methodological assessment and meta-analysis. Bull World Health Organ. 1987;65(5):663-737. PubMed
7. Cohen T, Plourde H, Koski K. Are Canadian women achieving a fit pregnancy? A pilot study. Can J Public Health. 2010;101(1):87-91. PubMed
8. Linne Y, Rossner S. Interrelationships between weight development and weight retention in subsequent pregnancies: the SPAWN study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003;82:318-325. PubMed
9. Brawarsky P, Stotland NE, Jackson RA, et al. Pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related factors and the risk of excessive or inadequate gestational weight gain. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2005;91:125-131. PubMed doi:10.1016/j. ijgo.2005.08.008
10. Lof M, Hilakivi-Clarke L, Sandin S, Weiderpass E. Effects of pre-pregnancy physical activity and maternal BMI on gestational weight gain and birth weight. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2008;87:524-530. PubMed doi:10.1080/00016340802012288
11. Gunderson EP, Abrams B, Selvin S. Does the pattern of postpartum weight change differ according to pregravid body size? Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001;25:853-862. PubMed doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801631
12. Olson CM, Strawderman MS. Modifiable behavioral factors in a biopsychosocial model predict inadequate and excessive gestational weight gain. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;103(1):48-54. PubMed doi:10.1053/jada.2003.50001
13. Nohr EA, Vaeth M, Baker JL, Sorensen TI, Olsen J, Rasmussen KM. Combined associations of prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with the outcome of pregnancy. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87:1750-1759. PubMed
14. Frederick IO, Williams MA, Sales AE, Martin DP, Killien M. Pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain and other maternal characteristics in relation to infant birth weight. Matern Child Health J. 2008;12:557-567. PubMed doi:10.1007/s10995-007-0276-2
15. Hatch MC, Shu XO, McLean DE, et al. Maternal exercise during pregnancy, physical fitness, and fetal growth. Am J Epidemiol. 1993;137(10):1105-1114. PubMed
16. Campbell MK, Mottola MF. Recreational exercise and occupational activity during pregnancy and birth weight: a case-control study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001;184:403-408. PubMed doi:10.1067/mob.2001.109392
17. Walker LO, Sterling BS, Kim M, Arheart KL, Timmerman GM. Trajectory of weight change in the first 6 weeks post-partum. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2006;35:472-481. PubMed doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2006.00062.x
18. Muscati SK, Gray-Donald K, Koski KG. Timing of weight gain during pregnancy: promoting fetal growth and minimizing maternal weight retention. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1996;20:526-532. PubMed
19. Ning Y, Williams MA, Dempsey JC, Sorenses TK, Frederick IO, Luthy DA. Correlates of recreational physical activity in early pregnancy. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2003;13(6):385-393. PubMed doi:10.1080/jmf.13.6.385.393
20. Domingues M, Barros A. Leisure-time PA during pregnancy in the 2004 Pelotas British Cohort Study. Rev Saude Publica. 2007;41:173-180. PubMed doi:10.1590/S0034-89102007000200002
21. Davies G, Wolfe L, Mottola M, MacKinnon C, Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada, SOGC Clinical Practice Obstetrics Committee. Joint SOGC/CSEP clinical practice guideline: exercise in pregnancy and the postpartum period. Can J Appl Physiol. 2003;28(3):330-341. PubMed doi:10.1139/h03-024
22. Haakstad L, Voldner N, Henriksen T, Bo K. Physical activity level and weight gain in a cohort of pregnant Norwegian women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007;86(5):559-564. PubMed doi:10.1080/00016340601185301
23. Haakstad LAH, Voldner N, Henriksen T, Bo K. Why do pregnant women stop exercising in the third trimester? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2009;88:1267-1275. PubMed doi:10.3109/00016340903284901
24. Clapp JF. Endurance exercise and pregnancy outcome. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1984;16(6):556-562. PubMed
25. Magann EF, Evans SF, Weitz B, Newnham J. Antepartim, intrapartum, and neonatal significance of exercise on healthy low-risk pregnant working women. Obstet Gynecol. 2002;99:466-472. PubMed doi:10.1016/S0029-7844(01)01754-9
26. Bell RJ, Palma SM, Lumley JM. The effect of vigorous exercise during pregnancy on birth weight. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1995;35(1):46-51. PubMed doi:10.1111/j.1479-828X.1995.tb01829.x
27. Symons Downs D, Hausenblas HA. Pregnant women's third trimester exercise behaviors, body mass index, and pregnancy outcomes. Psychol Health. 2007;22(5):545-559. doi:10.1080/14768320701372018
28. Mottola MF, Giroux I, Gratton R, et al. Nutrition and exercise prevent excess weight gain in overweight pregnant women. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42(2):265-272. PubMed doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181b5419a
29. Gray-Donald K, Robinson E, Collier A, David K, Renaud L, Rodrigues S. Intervening to reduce weight gain in pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus in Cree communities: an evaluation. CMAJ. 2000;163(10):1247-1251. PubMed
30. Kramer MS, Kakuma R. Energy and protein intake in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003; (4): CD000032. PubMed
31. Polley BA, Wing RR, Sims CJ. Randomized controlled trial to prevent excessive weight gain in pregnant women. Int J Obes. 2002;26:1494-1502. PubMed doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802130
32. Wolff S, Legarth J, Vangsgaard K, Toubro S, Astrup A. A randomized trial of the effects of dietary counselling on gestational weight gain and glucose metabolism in obese pregnant women. Int J Obes. 2008;32:495-501. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803710
33. Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fibre, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2005.
34. Hickey CA. Sociocultural and behavioral influences on weight gain during pregnancy. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71:1364S-1370S. PubMed
35. Wolfe L, Mottola M. PARmed-X for pregnancy. Ottawa: Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology; 2002.
36. Chasan-Taber L, Schmidt MD, Roberts DE, Hosmer D, Markenson G, Freedson PS. Development and validation of a pregnancy physical activity questionnaire. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36:1750-1760. PubMed doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000142303. 49306.0D
37. Health Canada. Public Health Agency. The sensible guide to a healthy pregnancy; 2007. Retrieved July 22, 2009 from: http://www.healthypregnancy.gc. ca.
38. Crouter S, Schneider P, Karabulut M, Bassett DJ. Validity of 10 electronic pedometers for measuring steps, distance, and energy cost. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(8):1455-1460. PubMed doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000078932.61440. A2
39. Schneider P, Crouter S, Lukajic O, Bassett DJ. Accuracy and reliability of 10 pedometers for measuring steps over a 400-m walk. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(10):1779-1784. PubMed doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000089342.96098. C4
40. Horns PN, Ratcliff LP, Leggett JC, Swanson MS. Pregnancy outcomes among active and sedentary primiparous women. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1996;25:49-54. PubMed doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.1996.tb02512.x
41. Symons Downs DS, LeMasurier GC, DiNallo JM. Baby steps: Pedometer-determined and self-reported leisure-time exercise behaviors of pregnant women. J Phys Act Health. 2009;6(1):63-72. PubMed
42. Mottola MF, Campbell MK. Activity patterns during pregnancy. Can J Appl Physiol. 2003;28(4):642-653. PubMed doi:10.1139/h03-049
43. Tudor-Locke C, Bassett DJ. How many steps/day are enough? Preliminary pedometer indices for public health. Sports Med. 2004;34(1):1-8. PubMed doi:10.2165/00007256-200434010-00001
44. Sohlstrom A, Forsum E. Changes in adipose tissue volume and distribution during reproduction in Swedish women as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995;61:287-295. PubMed
45. Abrams BA, Altman SL, Pickett KE. Pregnancy weight gain: still controversial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71:1233S-1241S. PubMed
46. Mottola MF. Exercise prescription for overweight and obese women: pregnancy and postpartum. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2009;36:301-316. PubMed doi:10.1016/j. ogc.2009.03.005
47. Symons Downs D, Hausenblas H. Women's exercise beliefs and behaviors during their pregnancy and postpar-tum. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2004;49(2):138-144. PubMed
48. National Research Council. Maternal Nutrition and the course of pregnancy. Report of the Committee on Maternal Nutrition, Food and Nutrition Board. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences; 1970.
49. Clarke P, Gross H. Women's behaviour, beliefs and information sources about physical exercise in pregnancy. Midwifery. 2004;2(2):113-141. PubMed
50. Rousham EK, Clarke PE, Gross H. Significant changes in physical activity among pregnant women in the UK as assessed by accelerometry and self-reported activity in pregnant populations. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60:393-400. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602329
51. Guelinckx I, Devlieger R, Mullie P, Vansant G. Effect of lifestyle intervention on dietary habits, physical activity, and gestational weight gain in obese pregnant women: a randomized control trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91:373-380. PubMed doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.28166
52. Gore SA, Brown DM, West DS. The role of postpartum weight retention in obesity among women: a review of the evidence. Ann Behav Med. 2003;26(2):149-159. PubMed doi:10.1207/S15324796ABM2602-07
53. Amorin AR, Rossner S, Neovius M, Lourenc PM, Linne Y. Does excess pregnancy weight gain constitute a major risk for increasing long-term BMI? Obesity (Silver Spring). 2007;15:1278-1286. PubMed doi:10.1038/oby.2007.149
54. Rooney BL, Schauberger CW. Excess pregnancy weight gain and long-term obesity: one decade later. Obstet Gynecol. 2002;100:245-252. PubMed doi:10.1016/S0029-7844(02)02125-7
55. Scholl TO, Hediger ML, Schall JI, Ances IG, Smith WK. Gestational weight gain, pregnancy outcome, and postpar-tum weight retention. Obstet Gynecol. 1995;86:423-427. PubMed doi:10.1016/0029-7844(95)00190-3
56. Linne Y, Dye L, Barkeling B, Rossner S. Long-term weight development in women: a 15-year follow-up of the effects of pregnancy. Obes Res. 2004;12:1166-1178. PubMed doi:10.1038/oby.2004.146
57. Thorsdottir I, Birgisdottir BE. Different weight gain in women of normal weight before pregnancy: postpartum weight and birth weight. Obstet Gynecol. 1998;92:377-383. PubMed doi:10.1016/S0029-7844(98)00187-2
58. To WW, Cheng W. The relationship between weight gain in pregnancy, birth weight and postpartum weight retention. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998;38:176-179. PubMed doi:10.1111/j.1479-828X.1998.tb02996.x
59. McCrory MA, Nommsen-Rivers LA, Mole PA, Lonnerdal B, Dewey KG. Randomized trial of the short term effects of dieting compared with dieting plus aerobic exercise on lactation performance. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;69:959-967. PubMed
60. Onyango AW, Nommsen-Rivers L, Siyam A, Borghi E, de Onis M, Garza C, et al. Post-partum weight change patterns in the WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group. Matern Child Nutr. 2011;7(3):228-40.
61. Beyerlein A, Lack N, von Kries R. Within-population average ranges compared with Institute of Medicine recommendations for gestational weight gain. Obstet Gynecol. 2010;116(5):1111-1118. PubMed doi:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181f1ad8b
62. Gunderson EP, Abrams B, Selvin S. The relative importance of gestational weight gain and maternal characteristics associated with the risk of becoming overweight after pregnancy. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2000;24:1660-1668. PubMed doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801456
63. Hilson JA, Rasmussen KM, Kjolhede CL. Excessive weight gain during pregnancy is associated with earlier termination of breast-feeding among white women. J Nutr. 2006;136:140-146. PubMed
64. Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA. Maternal weight loss patterns during prolonged lactation. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993;58:162-166. PubMed
65. Rodrigues PL, Lacerda EMA, Schlussel MM, Spyrides MHC, Kac G. Determinants of weight gain in pregnant women attending a public prenatal care facility in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a prospective study, 2005-2007. Cad Saude Publica. 2008;24(2):S272-S284. PubMed doi:10.1590/S0102-311X2008001400012
66. Macdiarmid J, Blundell J. Assessing dietary intake: who, what and why of under-reporting. Nutr Res Rev. 1998;11:231-253. PubMed doi:10.1079/NRR19980017