An observational study to determine the effect of delayed admission to the intensive care unit on patient outcome

Critical Care

Volumn 16, Issue 5, 2012, Pages

  O'Callaghan, David J P ^a,b   Jayia, Parveen ^b   Vaughan Huxley, Eyston ^b   Gribbon, Michael ^b   Templeton, Maie ^b   Skipworth, James R A ^c   Gordon, Anthony C ^a,b  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b CHARING CROSS HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ASSISTED VENTILATION; FEMALE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE; LENGTH OF STAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; PATIENT REFERRAL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; COHORT ANALYSIS; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; MIDDLE AGED; TIME; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TRENDS;

ADULT; AGED; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; LENGTH OF STAY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; PATIENT ADMISSION; REFERRAL AND CONSULTATION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84866787202     PISSN: 13648535     EISSN: 1466609X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/cc11650     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Wild C, Narath M. Evaluating and planning ICUs: methods and approaches to differentiate between need and demand. Health Policy 2005, 71:289-301. 10.1016/j.healthpol.2003.12.020, 15694497.
2. Wunsch H, Angus DC, Harrison DA, Collange O, Fowler R, Hoste EA, de Keizer NF, Kersten A, Linde-Zwirble WT, Sandiumenge A, Rowan KM. Variation in critical care services across North America and Western Europe. Crit Care Med 2008, 36:2787-93. e1-9, 10.1097/CCM.0b013e318186aec8, 18766102.
3. Hutchings A, Durand MA, Grieve R, Harrison D, Rowan K, Green J, Cairns J, Black N. Evaluation of modernisation of adult critical care services in England: time series and cost effectiveness analysis. BMJ 2009, 339:b4353. 10.1136/bmj.b4353, 2776132, 19906740.
4. Bion J, Evans T, Winter B. Flu questions and answers. Flu's impact on intensive care. BMJ 2011, 342:d640. 10.1136/bmj.d640, 21285220.
5. Harrison DA, Welch CA, Eddleston JM. The epidemiology of severe sepsis in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, 1996 to 2004: secondary analysis of a high quality clinical database, the ICNARC Case Mix Programme Database. Crit Care 2006, 10:R42. 10.1186/cc4854, 1550902, 16542492.
6. Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, Moss M. The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med 2003, 348:1546-1554. 10.1056/NEJMoa022139, 12700374.
7. Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky MR. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Critl Care Med 2001, 29:1303-1310.
8. Metcalfe MA, Sloggett A, McPherson K. Mortality among appropriately referred patients refused admission to intensive-care units. Lancet 1997, 350:7-11. 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)10018-0, 9217712.
9. Vincent JL. Forgoing life support in western European intensive care units: the results of an ethical questionnaire. Crit Care Med 1999, 27:1626-1633. 10.1097/00003246-199908000-00042, 10470775.
10. Heneghan C. Who to transfer? Ethics ands morals. J Intensive Care Soc 2007, 8:63-64.
11. Ligtenberg JJ, Arnold LG, Stienstra Y, van der Werf TS, Meertens JH, Tulleken JE, Zijlstra JG. Quality of interhospital transport of critically ill patients: a prospective audit. Crit Care 2005, 9:R446-451. 10.1186/cc3749, 1269465, 16137359.
12. Lovell MA, Mudaliar MY, Klineberg PL. Intrahospital transport of critically ill patients: complications and difficulties. Anaesth Intensive Care 2001, 29:400-405.
13. Flabouris A, Hart GK, George C. Outcomes of patients admitted to tertiary intensive care units after interhospital transfer: comparison with patients admitted from emergency departments. Crit Care Resusc 2008, 10:97-105.
14. Handy JM. Critical care transfers: the lack of information and systemic shortcomings continue. Anaesthesia 2011, 66:337-340. 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2011.06751.x, 21453383.
15. Knaus WA, Draper EA, Wagner DP, Zimmerman JE. APACHE II: a severity of disease classification system. Crit Care Med 1985, 13:818-829. 10.1097/00003246-198510000-00009, 3928249.
16. Data Standards: Critical Care Minimum Data Set, Data Set Change Control Procedure 2006, , http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/@dh/@en/documents/digitalasset/dh_4126514.pdf
17. Cowley RA. Trauma center. A new concept for the delivery of critical care. J Med Soc N J 1977, 74:979-987.
18. Lerner EB, Moscati RM. The golden hour: scientific fact or medical "urban legend"?. Acad Emerg Med 2001, 8:758-760. 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2001.tb00201.x, 11435197.
19. Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, Ressler J, Muzzin A, Knoblich B, Peterson E, Tomlanovich M, . Early Goal-Directed Therapy Collaborative Group Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2001, 345:1368-1377. 10.1056/NEJMoa010307, 11794169, Early Goal-Directed Therapy Collaborative Group.
20. Kumar A, Roberts D, Wood KE, Light B, Parrillo JE, Sharma S, Suppes R, Feinstein D, Zanotti S, Taiberg L, Gurka D, Kumar A, Cheang M. Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock. Crit Care Med 2006, 34:1589-1596. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000217961.75225.E9, 16625125.
21. Van de Werf F, Bax J, Betriu A, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Crea F, Falk V, Filippatos G, Fox K, Huber K, Kastrati A, Rosengren A, Steg PG, Tubaro M, Verheugt F, Weidinger F, Weis M, . ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) Management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with persistent ST-segment elevation: the Task Force on the Management of ST-Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2008, 29:2909-2945. ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG).
22. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. N Engl J Med 1995, 333:1581-1587.
23. Hillman K. Critical care without walls. Curr Opin Crit Care 2002, 8:594-599. 10.1097/00075198-200212000-00019, 12454548.
24. Goldhill DR, McNarry AF, Hadjianastassiou VG, Tekkis PP. The longer patients are in hospital before Intensive Care admission the higher their mortality. Intensive Care Med 2004, 30:1908-1913. 10.1007/s00134-004-2386-2, 15278266.
25. Duke GJ, Green JV, Briedis JH. Night-shift discharge from intensive care unit increases the mortality-risk of ICU survivors. Anaesth Intensive Care 2004, 32:697-701.
26. Chalfin DB, Trzeciak S, Likourezos A, Baumann BM, Dellinger RP, . DELAY-ED study group Impact of delayed transfer of critically ill patients from the emergency department to the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2007, 35:1477-1483. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000266585.74905.5A, 17440421, DELAY-ED study group.
27. Renaud B, Santin A, Coma E, Camus N, Van Pelt D, Hayon J, Gurgui M, Roupie E, Hervé J, Fine MJ, Brun-Buisson C, Labarère J. Association between timing of intensive care unit admission and outcomes for emergency department patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2009, 37:2867-2874. 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181b02dbb, 19770748.
28. Cardoso LT, Grion CM, Matsuo T, Anami EH, Kauss IA, Seko L, Bonametti AM. Impact of delayed admission to intensive care units on mortality of critically ill patients: a cohort study. Crit Care 2011, 15:R28. 10.1186/cc9975, 3222064, 21244671.
29. Pronovost PJ, Angus DC, Dorman T, Robinson KA, Dremsizov TT, Young TL. Physician staffing patterns and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients: a systematic review. JAMA 2002, 288:2151-2162. 10.1001/jama.288.17.2151, 12413375.
30. Young MP, Gooder VJ, McBride K, James B, Fisher ES. Inpatient transfers to the intensive care unit: delays are associated with increased mortality and morbidity. J Gen Intern Med 2003, 18:77-83. 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2003.20441.x, 1494814, 12542581.
31. Sprung CL, Geber D, Eidelman LA, Baras M, Pizov R, Nimrod A, Oppenheim A, Epstein L, Cotev S. Evaluation of triage decisions for intensive care admission. Crit Care Med 1999, 27:1073-1079. 10.1097/00003246-199906000-00021, 10397207.