메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 3 JUN, Issue , 2012, Pages

Decompression vs. Decomposition: Distribution, amount, and gas composition of bubbles in stranded marine mammals

Author keywords

Decompression; Gas emboli; Gas off; Marine mammals; Nitrogen; Putrefaction; Strandings

Indexed keywords


EID: 84866360360     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1664042X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00177     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (46)

References (89)
  • 3
    • 84866411944 scopus 로고
    • Engineering Section Memorandum Report EPX-17-54-653-8, Wright Field, OH
    • Armstrong, H. G. (1939). Analysis of Gas Emboli. Engineering Section Memorandum Report EPX-17-54-653-8, Wright Field, OH.
    • (1939) Analysis of Gas Emboli
    • Armstrong, H.G.1
  • 4
    • 35148891445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do Mediterranean cetaceans diets overlap for the same resources? Eur
    • Astruc, G., and Beaubrun, P. (2005). Do Mediterranean cetaceans diets overlap for the same resources? Eur. Res. Cet. 19,81.
    • (2005) Res. Cet. , vol.19 , pp. 81
    • Astruc, G.1    Beaubrun, P.2
  • 6
    • 0038650516 scopus 로고
    • Tacky adhesion - A preliminary study
    • Banks, W. H., and Mill, C. C. (1953). Tacky adhesion - A preliminary study.J. ColloidSci. 8,137-147.
    • (1953) J. ColloidSci. , vol.8 , pp. 137-147
    • Banks, W.H.1    Mill, C.C.2
  • 8
    • 85027475367 scopus 로고
    • A study of the histological structure of the respiratory portion of the lungs of aquatic mammals
    • Belanger, L. F. (1940). A study of the histological structure of the respiratory portion of the lungs of aquatic mammals. Am. J. Anat. 67, 437-469.
    • (1940) Am. J. Anat. , vol.67 , pp. 437-469
    • Belanger, L.F.1
  • 12
    • 84866433841 scopus 로고
    • La Pression Barometrique: Recherches de Physi-ologie Expérimental Paris: Masson
    • Bert, P. (1878). La Pression Barometrique: Recherches de Physi-ologie Expérimental Paris: Masson.
    • (1878)
    • Bert, P.1
  • 14
    • 43149094668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracheal compression delays alveolar collapse during deep diving in marine mammals
    • Bostrom, B. L., Fahlman, A., and Jones, D. R. (2008). Tracheal compression delays alveolar collapse during deep diving in marine mammals. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 161, 298-305.
    • (2008) Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. , vol.161 , pp. 298-305
    • Bostrom, B.L.1    Fahlman, A.2    Jones, D.R.3
  • 15
    • 0018103748 scopus 로고
    • Postmortem intra-vascular bubbling decompression artifact
    • Brown, C. D., Kime, W., and Sher-rer, E. L. (1978). Postmortem intra-vascular bubbling decompression artifact. J. Forensic Sci. 23, 511-518.
    • (1978) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.23 , pp. 511-518
    • Brown, C.D.1    Kime, W.2    Sher-rer, E.L.3
  • 16
    • 0030752306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology of diving of birds and mammals
    • Butler, P. J., and Jones, D. R. (1997). Physiology of diving of birds and mammals. Physiol. Rev. 77, 837-899.
    • (1997) Physiol. Rev. , vol.77 , pp. 837-899
    • Butler, P.J.1    Jones, D.R.2
  • 17
    • 33646078258 scopus 로고
    • The tribonucle-ation of bubbles
    • Campbell, J. (1968). The tribonucle-ation of bubbles. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 1,1085-1088.
    • (1968) J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. , vol.1 , pp. 1085-1088
    • Campbell, J.1
  • 18
    • 33646418680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of postmortem radiology to the diagnosis of fatal cerebral gas embolism from compressed air diving
    • Cole, A. J., Griffiths, D., Lavender, S., Summers, P., and Rich, K. (2006). Relevance of postmortem radiology to the diagnosis of fatal cerebral gas embolism from compressed air diving. J. Clin. Pathol. 59, 489-491.
    • (2006) J. Clin. Pathol. , vol.59 , pp. 489-491
    • Cole, A.J.1    Griffiths, D.2    Lavender, S.3    Summers, P.4    Rich, K.5
  • 20
    • 0015545654 scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of small airways in pinniped and sea otter lungs
    • Denison, D. M., and Kooyman, G. L. (1973). Structure and function of small airways in pinniped and sea otter lungs. Respir. Physiol. 17, 1-10.
    • (1973) Respir. Physiol. , vol.17 , pp. 1-10
    • Denison, D.M.1    Kooyman, G.L.2
  • 22
    • 0002879995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology of Marine Mammals, eds J. E. III. Reynolds and S. Rommel (Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press)
    • Elsner, R.(1999). "Living in water: solutions to physiological problems," in Biology of Marine Mammals, eds J. E. III. Reynolds and S. Rommel (Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press), 73-116.
    • (1999) Living in water: solutions to physiological problems , pp. 73-116
    • Elsner, R.1
  • 23
    • 33746721543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep diving mammals: dive behavior and circulatory adjustments contribute to bends avoidance
    • Fahlman, A., Olszowka, A., Bostrom, B., and Jones, D. R. (2006). Deep diving mammals: dive behavior and circulatory adjustments contribute to bends avoidance. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 153,66-77.
    • (2006) Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. , vol.153 , pp. 66-77
    • Fahlman, A.1    Olszowka, A.2    Bostrom, B.3    Jones, D.R.4
  • 26
    • 78649470565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology and Medicine of Diving, eds A. O. Brubakk and T. S. Neuman (Edinburgh: Saunders)
    • Ferrigno, M., and Lundgren, C. E. G. (2003). "Breath-hold diving," in Physiology and Medicine of Diving, eds A. O. Brubakk and T. S. Neuman (Edinburgh: Saunders), 153-180.
    • (2003) Breath-hold diving , pp. 153-180
    • Ferrigno, M.1    Lundgren, C.E.G.2
  • 27
    • 33750006789 scopus 로고
    • Zum Streit um dem Gelenkdruck
    • Fick, R. (1911). Zum Streit um dem Gelenkdruck. Anat. Hefte. 43, 397.
    • (1911) Anat. Hefte , vol.43 , pp. 397
    • Fick, R.1
  • 28
    • 66149115976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of decompression sickness in extreme human breath-hold diving
    • Fitz-Clarke, J. R. (2009). Risk of decompression sickness in extreme human breath-hold diving. Undersea Hyperb. Med. 36, 83-91.
    • (2009) Undersea Hyperb. Med. , vol.36 , pp. 83-91
    • Fitz-Clarke, J.R.1
  • 29
    • 17144406619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bennett and Elliott's Physiology and Medicine of Diving, eds A. O. Brubakk and T. S. Neuman (Edinburgh: Saunders)
    • Francis, T. J. R., and Simon, J. M. (2003). "Pathology of decompression sickness," in Bennett and Elliott's Physiology and Medicine of Diving, eds A. O. Brubakk and T. S. Neuman (Edinburgh: Saunders), 530-556.
    • (2003) Pathology of decompression sickness , pp. 530-556
    • Francis, T.J.R.1    Simon, J.M.2
  • 30
    • 0032322371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variation saison-nière de l'affinité bathymétrique des cétacés dans le bassin Luguro-provençal (Méditerranée occiden-tale)
    • Gannier, A. (1998). Variation saison-nière de l'affinité bathymétrique des cétacés dans le bassin Luguro-provençal (Méditerranée occiden-tale). Vie Milieu 48, 25-34.
    • (1998) Vie Milieu , vol.48 , pp. 25-34
    • Gannier, A.1
  • 31
    • 84866411392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bennett and Elliott's Physiology and Medicine of Diving, eds A. O. Brubakk and T. S. Neuman (Edinburgh: Saunders)
    • Hamilton, R. W., and Thalmann, E. D. (2003). "Decompression practice," in Bennett and Elliott's Physiology and Medicine of Diving, eds A. O. Brubakk and T. S. Neuman (Edinburgh: Saunders), 455-500.
    • (2003) Decompression practice , pp. 455-500
    • Hamilton, R.W.1    Thalmann, E.D.2
  • 32
    • 0242715677 scopus 로고
    • Carbon dioxide as a facilitating agent in the initiation and growth of bubbles in animals decompressed to simulated altitudes
    • Harris, M., Berg, W. E., Whitaker, D. M., Twitty, V.C.,and Blinks, L.R. (1945). Carbon dioxide as a facilitating agent in the initiation and growth of bubbles in animals decompressed to simulated altitudes. J. Gen. Physiol. 28,225-240.
    • (1945) J. Gen. Physiol. , vol.28 , pp. 225-240
    • Harris, M.1    Berg, W.E.2    Whitaker, D.M.3    Twitty, V.C.4    Blinks, L.R.5
  • 33
    • 62749151953 scopus 로고
    • Decompression sickness and bubble formation in blood and tissues
    • Harvey, E. N. (1945). Decompression sickness and bubble formation in blood and tissues. Bull. N. Y. Acad. Med. 21,505-536.
    • (1945) Bull. N. Y. Acad. Med. , vol.21 , pp. 505-536
    • Harvey, E.N.1
  • 34
    • 0000907363 scopus 로고
    • Tribonucle-ation of bubbles
    • Hayward, A. T. J. (1967). Tribonucle-ation of bubbles. Br. J. Appl. Phys. 18, 641-644.
    • (1967) Br. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.18 , pp. 641-644
    • Hayward, A.T.J.1
  • 35
    • 84866399881 scopus 로고
    • Supersaturation and bubble formation in fluids and organisms, eds A. O. Brubakk, B. B. Hem-mingsen and G. Sundnes (Trond-heim: The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters, The Foundation)
    • Hennessy, T. R. (1989). "On the site, origin, evolution and effects of decompression," in Supersaturation and bubble formation in fluids and organisms, eds A. O. Brubakk, B. B. Hem-mingsen and G. Sundnes (Trond-heim: The Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters, The Foundation), 291-340.
    • (1989) On the site, origin, evolution and effects of decompression , pp. 291-340
    • Hennessy, T.R.1
  • 36
    • 0033531755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep-diving behaviour of the northern bottlenose whale Hyperoodon ampullatus (Cetacea: Ziphiidae)
    • Hooker, S., and Baird, R. W. (1999). Deep-diving behaviour of the northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus (Cetacea: Ziphiidae). Proc. Biol. Sci. 266, 671-676.
    • (1999) Proc. Biol. Sci. , vol.266 , pp. 671-676
    • Hooker, S.1    Baird, R.W.2
  • 37
    • 67849128551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Could beaked whales get the bends? Effect of diving behaviour and physiology on modelled gas exchange for three species: Ziphius cavirostris Mesoplodon den-sirostris and Hyperoodon ampullatus. Respir. Physiol
    • Hooker, S. K., Baird, R. W., and Fahlman, A. (2009). Could beaked whales get the bends? Effect of diving behaviour and physiology on modelled gas exchange for three species: Ziphius cavirostris, Mesoplodon den-sirostris and Hyperoodon ampullatus. Respir. Physiol. Neurobiol. 167, 235-246.
    • (2009) Neurobiol , vol.167 , pp. 235-246
    • Hooker, S.K.1    Baird, R.W.2    Fahlman, A.3
  • 39
    • 76149088764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the potential for vascular bubble formation in a repetitively diving dolphin
    • Houser, D. S., Dankiewicz-Talmadge, L. A., Stockard, T. K., and Ponganis, P. J. (2010). Investigation of the potential for vascular bubble formation in a repetitively diving dolphin. J. Exp. Biol. 213, 52-62.
    • (2010) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.213 , pp. 52-62
    • Houser, D.S.1    Dankiewicz-Talmadge, L.A.2    Stockard, T.K.3    Ponganis, P.J.4
  • 40
    • 0035930016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can diving-induced tissue nitrogen supersaturation increase the chance of acoustically driven bubble growth in marine mammals? J
    • Houser, D. S., Howard, R., and Ridgway, S. (2001). Can diving-induced tissue nitrogen supersaturation increase the chance of acoustically driven bubble growth in marine mammals? J. Theor. Biol. 213, 183-195.
    • (2001) Theor. Biol. , vol.213 , pp. 183-195
    • Houser, D.S.1    Howard, R.2    Ridgway, S.3
  • 41
    • 0000474424 scopus 로고
    • Production of gas bubbles in fluids by tri-bonucleation
    • Ikels, K. G. (1970). Production of gas bubbles in fluids by tri-bonucleation. J. Appl. Phys. 28, 524-527.
    • (1970) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.28 , pp. 524-527
    • Ikels, K.G.1
  • 42
    • 0020769110 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of gas composition of intra vascular bubbles produced by decompression
    • Ishiyama, A. (1983). Analysis of gas composition of intra vascular bubbles produced by decompression. Bull. Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ. 30, 25-36.
    • (1983) Bull. Tokyo Med. Dent. Univ. , vol.30 , pp. 25-36
    • Ishiyama, A.1
  • 46
    • 84866429705 scopus 로고
    • TheNecropsy Book. Ithaca: Charles Louis Davis, D.V.M. Foundation
    • King, J. M., Dodd, D. C., Newson, M. E., and Roth, L. (1989). TheNecropsy Book. Ithaca: Charles Louis Davis, D.V.M. Foundation.
    • (1989)
    • King, J.M.1    Dodd, D.C.2    Newson, M.E.3    Roth, L.4
  • 48
    • 77957214589 scopus 로고
    • Respiratory adaptations in marine mammals
    • Kooyman, G. L. (1973). Respiratory adaptations in marine mammals. Am.Zool. 13,457-468.
    • (1973) Am. Zool. , vol.13 , pp. 457-468
    • Kooyman, G.L.1
  • 49
    • 0031897566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physiological basis of diving to depth: birds and mammals
    • Kooyman, G. L., and Ponganis, P. J. (1998). The physiological basis of diving to depth: birds and mammals. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 60, 19-32.
    • (1998) Annu. Rev. Physiol. , vol.60 , pp. 19-32
    • Kooyman, G.L.1    Ponganis, P.J.2
  • 50
    • 0004759917 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary shunts in harbor seals and sea lions during simulated dives to depth
    • Kooyman, G. L., and Sinnett, E. E. (1982). Pulmonary shunts in harbor seals and sea lions during simulated dives to depth. Physiol. Zool. 55,105-111.
    • (1982) Physiol. Zool. , vol.55 , pp. 105-111
    • Kooyman, G.L.1    Sinnett, E.E.2
  • 52
    • 33646389897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpretation of gas in diving autopsies
    • Lawrence, C. (1997). Interpretation of gas in diving autopsies. SPUMSJ. 27, 228-230.
    • (1997) SPUMSJ , vol.27 , pp. 228-230
    • Lawrence, C.1
  • 53
    • 33646413924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autopsy and the investigation of scuba diving fatalities
    • Lawrence, C., and Cooke, C. (2006). Autopsy and the investigation of scuba diving fatalities. Diving Hyperb. Med. 36, 2-8.
    • (2006) Diving Hyperb. Med. , vol.36 , pp. 2-8
    • Lawrence, C.1    Cooke, C.2
  • 54
    • 84866433843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decomposition. [accessed November 30,2010]
    • Lerner, L., and Lerner, B. W. (2006). Decomposition. Available at: http:// www.enotes.com/forensic-science/ decomposition [accessed November 30,2010].
    • (2006)
    • Lerner, L.1    Lerner, B.W.2
  • 57
    • 0021132069 scopus 로고
    • Bubble formation in crabs induced by limb motions after decompression
    • Mcdonough, P. M., and Hemmingsen, E. A. (1984a). Bubble formation in crabs induced by limb motions after decompression. J. Appl. Phys. 57, 117-122.
    • (1984) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.57 , pp. 117-122
    • Mcdonough, P.M.1    Hemmingsen, E.A.2
  • 58
    • 0021343924 scopus 로고
    • Bubble formation in curstaceans following decompression from hyperbaric gas exposures
    • Mcdonough, P. M., and Hemmingsen, E. A. (1984b). Bubble formation in curstaceans following decompression from hyperbaric gas exposures. J. Appl Phys. 56,513-519.
    • (1984) J. Appl Phys. , vol.56 , pp. 513-519
    • Mcdonough, P.M.1    Hemmingsen, E.A.2
  • 59
    • 0022415363 scopus 로고
    • A direct test for the survival of gaseous nuclei in vivo
    • Mcdonough, P. M., and Hemmingsen, B. B. (1985a). A direct test for the survival of gaseous nuclei in vivo. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 56,54-56.
    • (1985) Aviat. Space Environ. Med. , vol.56 , pp. 54-56
    • Mcdonough, P.M.1    Hemmingsen, B.B.2
  • 60
    • 0021981144 scopus 로고
    • Swimming movements initiate bubble formation in fish decompressed from elevated gas-pressures
    • Mcdonough, P. M., and Hemmingsen, E. A. (1985b). Swimming movements initiate bubble formation in fish decompressed from elevated gas-pressures. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A. Comp. Physiol. 81, 209-212.
    • (1985) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A. Comp. Physiol. , vol.81 , pp. 209-212
    • Mcdonough, P.M.1    Hemmingsen, E.A.2
  • 62
    • 19944417562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cumulative sperm whale bone damage and the bends
    • Moore, M. J., and Early, G. A. (2004). Cumulative sperm whale bone damage and the bends. Science 306, 2215-2215.
    • (2004) Science , vol.306 , pp. 2215-12215
    • Moore, M.J.1    Early, G.A.2
  • 63
    • 79959560066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyper-baric computed tomographic measurement of lung compression in seals and dolphins
    • Moore, M. J., Hammar, T., Arruda, J., Cramer, S., Dennison, S., Montie, E., and Fahlman, A. (2011). Hyper-baric computed tomographic measurement of lung compression in seals and dolphins. J. Exp. Biol. 214, 2390-2397.
    • (2011) J. Exp. Biol. , vol.214 , pp. 2390-2397
    • Moore, M.J.1    Hammar, T.2    Arruda, J.3    Cramer, S.4    Dennison, S.5    Montie, E.6    Fahlman, A.7
  • 64
    • 0034677455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary care: gas embolism
    • Muth, C. M., and Shank, E. S. (2000). Primary care: gas embolism. New Engl. J. Med. 342, 476-482.
    • (2000) New Engl. J. Med. , vol.342 , pp. 476-482
    • Muth, C.M.1    Shank, E.S.2
  • 65
    • 0013800946 scopus 로고
    • Decompression sickness following repeated breath-hold dives
    • Paulev, P. (1965). Decompression sickness following repeated breath-hold dives. J. Appl. Physiol. 20, 1028.
    • (1965) J. Appl. Physiol. , vol.20 , pp. 1028
    • Paulev, P.1
  • 66
    • 2342559943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathology: whales, sonar and decompression sickness
    • discussion 712-716
    • Piantadosi, C. A., and Thalmann, E. D. (2004). Pathology: whales, sonar and decompression sickness. Nature 428, 1-716; discussion 712-716.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.428 , pp. 1-716
    • Piantadosi, C.A.1    Thalmann, E.D.2
  • 67
    • 0014301822 scopus 로고
    • Experimental study on gas embolism with special reference to the differentiation between embolic gas and putrefaction gas
    • Pierucci, G., and Gherson, G. (1968). Experimental study on gas embolism with special reference to the differentiation between embolic gas and putrefaction gas. Zacchia 4, 347-373.
    • (1968) Zacchia , vol.4 , pp. 347-373
    • Pierucci, G.1    Gherson, G.2
  • 68
    • 0014582456 scopus 로고
    • Further contribution to the chemical diagnosis of gas embolism The demonstration of hydrogen as an expression of "putrefactive component. "
    • Pierucci, G., and Gherson, G. (1969). Further contribution to the chemical diagnosis of gas embolism. The demonstration of hydrogen as an expression of "putrefactive component." Zacchia 5, 595-603.
    • (1969) Zacchia , vol.5 , pp. 595-603
    • Pierucci, G.1    Gherson, G.2
  • 69
    • 84866380518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology and Medicine of Diving, eds A. O. Brubakk and T. S. Neuman (Edinburgh: Saunders)
    • Ponganis, P. J., Kooyman, G. L., and Ridgway, S. (2003). "Comparative diving physiology," in Physiology and Medicine of Diving, eds A. O. Brubakk and T. S. Neuman (Edinburgh: Saunders), 211-226.
    • (2003) Comparative diving physiology , pp. 211-226
    • Ponganis, P.J.1    Kooyman, G.L.2    Ridgway, S.3
  • 70
    • 0018568340 scopus 로고
    • Dolphin lung collapse and intramuscular circulation during free diving evidence from nitrogen washout
    • Ridgway, S. H., and Howard, R. (1979). Dolphin lung collapse and intramuscular circulation during free diving - evidence from nitrogen washout. Science 206,1182-1183.
    • (1979) Science , vol.206 , pp. 1182-1183
    • Ridgway, S.H.1    Howard, R.2
  • 71
    • 33747694487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decompression sickness following breath-hold diving
    • Schipke, J. D., Gams, E., and Kallweit, O. (2006). Decompression sickness following breath-hold diving. Res. Sports Med. 14, 163-178.
    • (2006) Res. Sports Med. , vol.14 , pp. 163-178
    • Schipke, J.D.1    Gams, E.2    Kallweit, O.3
  • 72
    • 0002042778 scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigations on the respiratoryfunction in diving mammals and birds
    • Scholander, P. F. (1940). Experimental investigations on the respiratoryfunction in diving mammals and birds. Hvalradets Skrifter 22, 1-131.
    • (1940) Hvalradets Skrifter , vol.22 , pp. 1-131
    • Scholander, P.F.1
  • 75
    • 15444380034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiology and Medicine of Diving, eds A. O. Brubakk and T. S. Neuman (Edinburgh: Saunders)
    • Tikuisis, P., and Gerth, W. A. (2003). "Decompression theory," in Physiology and Medicine of Diving, eds A. O. Brubakk and T. S. Neuman (Edinburgh: Saunders), 419-454.
    • (2003) Decompression theory , pp. 419-454
    • Tikuisis, P.1    Gerth, W.A.2
  • 78
    • 84866411948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unit of Cetaceans Research, U.L.P.G.C. Necropsies of Cetaceans Stranded in Canary Islands in 2006 Report. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Canary Islands Government
    • Unit of Cetaceans Research, U.L.P.G.C. (2006). Necropsies of Cetaceans Stranded in Canary Islands in 2006 Report. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Canary Islands Government.
    • (2006)
  • 79
    • 84866429708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unit of Cetaceans Research, U.L.P.G.C. Necropsies of Cetaceans Stranded in Canary Islands in 2007 Report. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Canary Islands Government
    • Unit of Cetaceans Research, U.L.P.G.C. (2007). Necropsies of Cetaceans Stranded in Canary Islands in 2007 Report. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Canary Islands Government.
    • (2007)
  • 80
    • 84866433849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unit of Cetaceans Research, U.L.P.G.C. Necropsies of Cetaceans Stranded in Canary Islands in 2008 Report. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Canary Islands Government
    • Unit of Cetaceans Research, U.L.P.G.C. (2008). Necropsies of Cetaceans Stranded in Canary Islands in 2008 Report. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Canary Islands Government.
    • (2008)
  • 81
    • 84866433850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unit of Cetaceans Research, U.L.P.G.C. Necropsies of Cetaceans Stranded in Canary Islands in 2009 Report. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Canary Islands Government
    • Unit of Cetaceans Research, U.L.P.G.C. (2009). Necropsies of Cetaceans Stranded in Canary Islands in 2009 Report. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Canary Islands Government.
    • (2009)
  • 82
    • 84866432185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unit of Cetaceans Research, U.L.P.G.C. Necropsies of Cetaceans Stranded in Canary Islands in 2010 Report. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Canary Islands Government
    • Unit of Cetaceans Research, U.L.P.G.C. (2010). Necropsies of Cetaceans Stranded in Canary Islands in 2010 Report. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Canary Islands Government.
    • (2010)
  • 84
    • 0036110413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decomposition chemistry of human remains: a new methodology for determining the postmortem interval
    • Vass, A. A., Barshick, S. A., Sega, G., Caton, J., Skeen, J. T., Love, J. C., and Synstelien, J. A. (2002). Decomposition chemistry of human remains: a new methodology for determining the postmortem interval. J. Forensic Sci. 47, 542-553.
    • (2002) J. Forensic Sci. , vol.47 , pp. 542-553
    • Vass, A.A.1    Barshick, S.A.2    Sega, G.3    Caton, J.4    Skeen, J.T.5    Love, J.C.6    Synstelien, J.A.7
  • 85
    • 33646564362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deep-diving foraging behaviour of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus)
    • Watwood, S. L., Miller, P. O., Johnson, M., Madsen, J., and Tyack, P. L. (2006). Deep-diving foraging behaviour of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus). J. Anim. Ecol. 75, 814-825.
    • (2006) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.75 , pp. 814-825
    • Watwood, S.L.1    Miller, P.O.2    Johnson, M.3    Madsen, J.4    Tyack, P.L.5
  • 87
    • 67349177157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-mortems in recreational scuba diver deaths: the utility of radiology
    • Wheen, L. C., and Williams, M. P. (2009). Post-mortems in recreational scuba diver deaths: the utility of radiology. J. Forensic Leg. Med. 16, 273-276.
    • (2009) J. Forensic Leg. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 273-276
    • Wheen, L.C.1    Williams, M.P.2
  • 89
    • 34848853851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repetitive shallow dives pose decompression risk in deep-diving beaked whales
    • Zimmer, W M. X., and Tyack, P. L. (2007). Repetitive shallow dives pose decompression risk in deep-diving beaked whales. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 23, 888-925.
    • (2007) Mar. Mamm. Sci. , vol.23 , pp. 888-925
    • Zimmer, W.M.X.1    Tyack, P.L.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.