The social and clinical characteristics of patients on antiretroviral therapy who are 'lost to follow-up' in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: A prospective study

Sahara J

Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 179-186

  Peltzer, Karl ^a,b   Ramlagan, Shandir ^c   Khan, Mohamed Salim ^d   Gaede, Bernhard ^c  

^a HUMAN SCIENCES RESEARCH COUNCIL   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LIMPOPO   (South Africa)

^c UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL   (South Africa)

^d Provincial Hospital   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Antiretroviral treatment; KwaZulu Natal; Loss to follow up; South Africa

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; PLANT MEDICINAL PRODUCT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; DELAYED DIAGNOSIS; DEPRESSION; DRINKING BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; IMMUNOLOGY; MALE; MEDICATION COMPLIANCE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; PATIENT ATTITUDE; PHYTOTHERAPY; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; QUALITY OF LIFE; QUESTIONNAIRE; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIOECONOMICS; SOUTH AFRICA; URBAN POPULATION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ALCOHOL DRINKING; ANTI-RETROVIRAL AGENTS; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; DELAYED DIAGNOSIS; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HEALTH SERVICES ACCESSIBILITY; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; LOST TO FOLLOW-UP; MALE; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT ACCEPTANCE OF HEALTH CARE; PHYTOTHERAPY; PLANT PREPARATIONS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; QUALITY OF LIFE; QUESTIONNAIRES; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; SOUTH AFRICA; URBAN POPULATION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84866161173     PISSN: 17290376     EISSN: 18134424     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/17290376.2011.9725002     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Andresen, E.M., Malmgren, J.A., Carter, W.B., & Patrick, D.L. (1994). Screening for depression in well older adults: evaluation of a short form of the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale). American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 10(2), 77-84.
2. Babor, T.F., Higgens-Biddle, J.C., Saunders, J.B. & Monteiro, M.G. (2001) AUDIT: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Guidelines for use in primary care. World Health Organization, Geneva, Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence. WHO/MSD/MSB/01.6a.
3. Boulle, A., Bock, P., Osler, M., Cohen, K., Channing, L., Hilderbrand, K., Abdullah, F. (2008). Antiretroviral therapy and early mortality in South Africa. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 86(9), 678-87.
4. Boulle, A., Van Cutsem, G., Hilderbrand, K., Cragg, C., Abrahams, M., Mathee, S., Ford, N., Maartens, G. (2010). Seven-year experience of a primary care antiretroviral treatment programme in Khayelitsha, South Africa. AIDS, 24(4), 563-72.
5. Brinkhof, M.W., Dabis, F., Myer, L., Bangsberg, D.R., Boulle, A., Nash, D., ART-LINC, IeDEA (2008). Early loss of HIV-infected patients on potent antiretroviral therapy programmes in lower-income countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 86(7), 559-67.
6. Brinkhof, M.W.G., Pujades-Rodriguez, M., & Egger, M. (2009). Mortality of patients lost to follow-up in antiretroviral treatment programmes in resource- limited settings: systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 4(6): e5790. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005790
7. Brinkhof, M.W., Spycher, B.D., Yiannoutsos, C., Weigel, R., Wood, R., Messou, E., International epidemiological Database to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) (2010). Adjusting mortality for loss to follow-up: analysis of five ART programmes in sub-Saharan Africa. PLoS One, 5(11), e14149.
8. Burgoyne, R.W., Rourke, S.B., Behrens, D.M., & Salit, I.E. (2004). Long-term quality-of-life outcomes among adults living with HIV in the HAART era: the interplay of changes in clinical factors and symptom profile. AIDS and Behavior, 8(2), 151-63.
9. Chen, S.C., Yu, J.K., Harries, A.D., Bong, C.N., Kolola-Dzimadzi, R., Tok, T.S., King, C.C. & Wang, J.D. (2008). Increased mortality of male adults with AIDS related to poor compliance to antiretroviral therapy in Malawi. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 13(4), 513-9.
10. Coetzee, D., Hildebrand, K., Boulle, A., Maartens, G., Louis, F., Labatala, V., Goemaere, E. (2004). Outcomes after two years of providing antiretroviral treatment in Khayelitsha, South Africa. AIDS, 18(6), 887-95.
11. Conigliaro, J., Justice, A.C., Gordon, A.J., Bryant, K.; VACS Alcohol and Behavior Change Research Group (2006). Role of alcohol in determining human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-relevant outcomes: A conceptual model to guide the implementation of evidence-based interventions into practice. Medical Care, 44(8 Suppl 2), S1-6.
12. Cornell, M., Myer, L., Kaplan, R., Bekker, L.G. & Wood, R. (2009). The impact of gender and income on survival and retention in a South African antiretroviral therapy programme. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 14(7), 1-10.
13. Dalal, R.P., Macphail, C., Mqhayi, M., Wing, J., Feldman, C., Chersich, M.F., & Venter W.D. (2008). Characteristics and outcomes of adult patients lost to follow-up at an antiretroviral treatment clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 47(1), 101-7.
14. Deribe, K., Hailekiros, F., Biadgilign, S., Amberbir, A., & Beyene, B.K. (2008). Defaulters from antiretroviral treatment in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 13(3), 328-33.
15. Fairall, L.R., Bachmann, M.O., Louwagie, G.M., van Vuuren, C., Chikobvu, P., Steyn, D., et al. (2008). Effectiveness of antiretroviral treatment in a South African program: a cohort study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 168, 86-93.
16. Fox, M.P., & Rosen, S. (2010). Patient retention in antiretroviral therapy programs up to three years on treatment in sub-Saharan Africa, 2007-2009: systematic review. Tropical Medicine & International Health,15 Suppl 1, 1-15.
17. Fox, M.P., Brennan, A., Maskew, M., MacPhail, P., & Sanne, I. (2010) Using vital registration data to update mortality among patients lost to follow-up from ART programmes: evidence from the Themba Lethu Clinic, South Africa. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 15(4), 405-13.
18. Freeborn, D.K., Polen, M.R., Hollis, J.F., & Senft, R.A. (2000). Screening and brief intervention for hazardous drinking in an HMO: effects on medical care utilization. Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research, 27(4), 446-53.
19. Geng, E.H., Bangsberg, D.R., Musinguzi, N., Emenyonu, N., Bwana, M.B., Yiannoutsos, Martin, J.N. (2009). Understanding reasons for and outcomes of patients lost to follow-up in antiretroviral therapy programs in Africa through a sampling-based approach. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Sep 10. [Epub ahead of print].
20. Gordon, A.J., Maisto, S.A., McNeil, M., Kraemer, K.L., Conigliaro, R.L., Kelley, M.E., & Conigliaro, J. (2001). Three questions can detect hazardous drinkers. The Journal of Family Practice, 50(4), 313-320.
21. Hartzell, J.D., Janke, I.E., & Weintrob, A.C. (2008). Impact of depression on HIV outcomes in the HAART era. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 62, 246-255.
22. Holzemer, W.L., Hudson, A., Kirksey, K.M., Hamilton, M.J., & Bakken, S. (2001). The revised Sign and Symptom Check-list for HIV (SSC-HIVrev). The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 12(5), 60-70.
23. Jia, H., Uphold, C.R., Wu, S., Chen, G.J., & Duncan, P.W. (2005). Predictors of changes in health-related quality of life among men with HIV infection in the HAART era. AIDS Patient Care STDS, 19(6), 395-405.
24. Kilbourne, A., Justice, A., Rollman, B., McGinnis, K., Rabeneck, L., Weissman, S., Rodriguez-Barradas, M. (2002). Clinical importance of HIV and depressive symptoms among veterans with HIV infection. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 17(7), 512-520.
25. KwaZulu-Natal Department of Health: Uthukela (DC 23) district. Retrieved at http://www.kznhealth.gov.za/uthukela.htm, 29 Sept. 2009.
26. Larson, B.A., Brennanm, A., McNamara, L., Long, L., Rosen, S., Sanne, I., & Fox, M.P. (2010). Early loss to follow up after enrolment in pre-ART care at a large public clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa. Tropical Medicine and International Health,15(Suppl 1), 43-7.
27. Lawn, S.D., Harries, A.D., & Wood, R. (2010). Strategies to reduce early morbidity and mortality in adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in resource- limited settings. Current opinion in HIV and AIDS, 5(1), 18-26.
28. Lawn, S.D., Myer, L., Harling, G., Orrell, C., Bekker, L.G., & Wood, R. (2006). Determinants of mortality and nondeath losses from an antiretroviral treatment service in South Africa: implications for program evaluation. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 43(6), 770-6.
29. Macpherson, P., Moshabela, M., Martinson, N. & Pronyk, P. (2008) Mortality and loss to follow-up among HAART initiators in rural South Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103(6), 588-93.
30. Makoae, L.N., Seboni, N.M., Molosiwa, K., Moleko, M., Human, S., Sukati, N.A., & Holzemer, W. (2005). The symptom experience of people living with HIV/ AIDS in Southern Africa. Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 16(3), 22-32.
31. Maskew, M., MacPhail, P., Menezes, C., & Rubel, D. (2007). Lost to follow up-contributing factors and challenges in South African patients on antiretroviral therapy. South African Medical Journal, 97(9), 853-857.
32. Mulrow, C.D., Williams, J.W. Jr., Gerety, M.B., Ramirez, G., Montiel, O.M., & Kerber, C. (1995). Case-finding instruments for depression in primary care settings. Annals of Internal Medicine, 122, 913-921.
33. Peltzer, K., Simbayi, L., Kalichman, S., Jooste, S., Cloete, A., & Mbelle, N. (2007). Alcohol use in three different inner cities in South Africa: AUDIT-C and CAGE. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 17(1/2), 99-104.
34. Peltzer, K. & Phaswana-Mafuya, N. (2008a). Health-related quality of life in a sample of HIV-infected South Africans. African Journal of AIDS Research, 7(2), 209-218.
35. Peltzer, K., & Phaswana-Mafuya, N. (2008b). The symptom experience of people living with HIV/AIDS in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. BMC Health Services Research, 8(1), 271. doi:10.1186/1472-6963-8-271
36. Peltzer, K., Friend-du Preez, N., Ramlagan, S., & Fomundam, H. (2008). Use of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine (TCAM) for HIV patients in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. BMC Public Health, 24,8(1), 255; DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-8-255.
37. Pearson, C.R., Micek, M.A., Pfeiffer, J., Montoya, P., Matediane, E., Jonasse, T., Gloyd, S.S. (2009). One year after ART initiation: Psychosocial factors associated with stigma among HIV-positive Mozambicans. AIDS and Behavior, 13(6), 1189-1196.
38. Reid, S.E., Mulenga, L.B., Folk, W.R., Tambatamba, B.C., & Chi, B.H. (2008). Abandonment of antiretroviral therapy: a potential barrier to scale-up in sub- Saharan Africa. South African Medical Journal, 98(6), 448-50.
39. Rosen, S., Long, L., & Sanne, I. (2008). The outcomes and outpatient costs of different models of antiretroviral treatment delivery in South Africa. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 13, 1-11.
40. Van Cutsem, G., Ford, N., Hildebrand, K., Goemaere, E., Mathee, S., Abrahams, M., Boulle, A. (2011). Correcting for mortality among patients lost to follow up on antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: a cohort analysis. PLoS One, 6(2), e14684.
41. Van Oosterhout, J.J., Bodasing, N., Kumwenda, J.J., Nyirenda, C., Mallewa, J., Cleary, P.R., Zijlstra, E.E. (2005). Evaluation of antiretroviral therapy results in a resource-poor setting in Blantyre, Malawi. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 10(5), 464-70.
42. Wingood, G.M., Reddy, P. Peterson, S.H., DiClemente, R.J., Nogoduka, C., Braxton, N., & MBewu, A.D. (2008). HIV stigma and mental health status among women living with HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Science, 104(5-6), 237-240.
43. World Health Organization (WHO) (2002) WHOQOL-HIV Instrument User's Manual: Scoring and Coding for the WHOQOL-HIV Instruments. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.
44. Yu, J.K., Chen, S.C., Wang, K.Y., Chang, C.S., Makombe, S.D., Schouten, E.J., & Harries, A.D. (2007). True outcomes for patients on antiretroviral therapy who are 'lost to follow-up' in Malawi. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 85(7), 550-4.