메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 278-284

Magnetic resonance methods in fetal neurology

Author keywords

Fetus; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Magnetic resonance imaging; Neurology; Spectroscopy; Tractography

Indexed keywords

BRAIN DEVELOPMENT; BRAIN HYPOXIA; BRAIN INFECTION; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; BRAIN MALFORMATION; BRAIN MATURATION; BRAIN METABOLISM; DIFFUSION TENSOR IMAGING; DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM; FETUS MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; FETUS MOVEMENT; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMAN; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS; REVIEW; TERM BIRTH;

EID: 84866036781     PISSN: 1744165X     EISSN: 18780946     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2012.06.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (37)

References (95)
  • 2
    • 54149110524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal diagnosis and fetal MRI: the comparative value of each modality in prenatal diagnosis
    • Pugash D., Brugger P.C., Bettelheim D., Prayer D. Prenatal diagnosis and fetal MRI: the comparative value of each modality in prenatal diagnosis. Eur J Radiol 2008, 68:214-226.
    • (2008) Eur J Radiol , vol.68 , pp. 214-226
    • Pugash, D.1    Brugger, P.C.2    Bettelheim, D.3    Prayer, D.4
  • 3
    • 13844280833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential of four-dimensional (4D) sonography in the assessment of fetal awareness
    • Kurjak A., Stanojevic M., Azumendi G., Carrera J.M. The potential of four-dimensional (4D) sonography in the assessment of fetal awareness. J Perinat Med 2005, 33:46-53.
    • (2005) J Perinat Med , vol.33 , pp. 46-53
    • Kurjak, A.1    Stanojevic, M.2    Azumendi, G.3    Carrera, J.M.4
  • 4
    • 74749083892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging in fetal medicine: a pictorial review of current and developing indications
    • Weston M.J. Magnetic resonance imaging in fetal medicine: a pictorial review of current and developing indications. Postgrad Med J 2010, 86:42-51.
    • (2010) Postgrad Med J , vol.86 , pp. 42-51
    • Weston, M.J.1
  • 6
    • 78650058639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging of the fetus
    • Jokhi R.P., Whitby E.H. Magnetic resonance imaging of the fetus. Dev Med Child Neurol 2011, 53:18-28.
    • (2011) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.53 , pp. 18-28
    • Jokhi, R.P.1    Whitby, E.H.2
  • 7
    • 33749657789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal brain and spine: an increasingly important tool in prenatal diagnosis, Part 1
    • Glenn O.A., Barkovich A.J. Magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal brain and spine: an increasingly important tool in prenatal diagnosis, Part 1. Am J Neuroradiol 2006, 27:1604-1611.
    • (2006) Am J Neuroradiol , vol.27 , pp. 1604-1611
    • Glenn, O.A.1    Barkovich, A.J.2
  • 9
    • 31844453720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI of normal fetal brain development
    • Prayer D., Kasprian G., Krampl E., et al. MRI of normal fetal brain development. Eur J Radiol 2006, 57:199-216.
    • (2006) Eur J Radiol , vol.57 , pp. 199-216
    • Prayer, D.1    Kasprian, G.2    Krampl, E.3
  • 11
    • 64849093539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the fetal brain
    • Pugash D., Krssak M., Kulemann V., Prayer D. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the fetal brain. Prenat Diagn 2009, 29:434-441.
    • (2009) Prenat Diagn , vol.29 , pp. 434-441
    • Pugash, D.1    Krssak, M.2    Kulemann, V.3    Prayer, D.4
  • 12
    • 34548837827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of normal organ development with fetal MRI
    • Prayer D., Brugger P.C. Investigation of normal organ development with fetal MRI. Eur J Radiol 2007, 10:2458-2471.
    • (2007) Eur J Radiol , vol.10 , pp. 2458-2471
    • Prayer, D.1    Brugger, P.C.2
  • 15
    • 0028892598 scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the intrauterine sound intensity level during obstetric echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging
    • Glover P., Hykin J., Gowland P., Wright J., Johnson I., Mansfield P. An assessment of the intrauterine sound intensity level during obstetric echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging. Br J Radiol 1995, 68:1090-1094.
    • (1995) Br J Radiol , vol.68 , pp. 1090-1094
    • Glover, P.1    Hykin, J.2    Gowland, P.3    Wright, J.4    Johnson, I.5    Mansfield, P.6
  • 17
    • 3242734175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of harmful effects of magnetic resonance imaging exposure at 1.5 T in utero during the third trimester of pregnancy: a follow-up study
    • Kok R.D., de Vries M.M., Heerschap A., van den Berg P.P. Absence of harmful effects of magnetic resonance imaging exposure at 1.5 T in utero during the third trimester of pregnancy: a follow-up study. Magn Reson Imaging 2004, 22:851-854.
    • (2004) Magn Reson Imaging , vol.22 , pp. 851-854
    • Kok, R.D.1    de Vries, M.M.2    Heerschap, A.3    van den Berg, P.P.4
  • 20
    • 4544375871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of MRI in the evaluation of the fetal brain with emphasis on biometry, gyration and parenchyma
    • Garel C. The role of MRI in the evaluation of the fetal brain with emphasis on biometry, gyration and parenchyma. Pediatr Radiol 2004, 34:694-699.
    • (2004) Pediatr Radiol , vol.34 , pp. 694-699
    • Garel, C.1
  • 21
    • 79954626806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prenatal origin of hemispheric asymmetry: an in utero neuroimaging study
    • Kasprian G., Langs G., Brugger P.C., et al. The prenatal origin of hemispheric asymmetry: an in utero neuroimaging study. Cereb Cortex 2011, 21:1076-1083.
    • (2011) Cereb Cortex , vol.21 , pp. 1076-1083
    • Kasprian, G.1    Langs, G.2    Brugger, P.C.3
  • 22
    • 67549101462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI of the fetal central nervous system and body
    • Glenn O.A., Coackley F.V. MRI of the fetal central nervous system and body. Clin Perinatol 2009, 36:273-300.
    • (2009) Clin Perinatol , vol.36 , pp. 273-300
    • Glenn, O.A.1    Coackley, F.V.2
  • 24
    • 77956456436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal development of the human cerebral cortex
    • Squier W., Jansen A. Abnormal development of the human cerebral cortex. J Anat 2010, 217:312-323.
    • (2010) J Anat , vol.217 , pp. 312-323
    • Squier, W.1    Jansen, A.2
  • 28
    • 77951438362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early cerebral lesions in cytomegalovirus infection: prenatal MR imaging
    • Doneda C., Prazzini C., Roghini A., et al. Early cerebral lesions in cytomegalovirus infection: prenatal MR imaging. Radiology 2010, 255:613-621.
    • (2010) Radiology , vol.255 , pp. 613-621
    • Doneda, C.1    Prazzini, C.2    Roghini, A.3
  • 29
    • 67649613345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal brain
    • Rutherford M.A. Magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal brain. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2009, 21:180-186.
    • (2009) Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol , vol.21 , pp. 180-186
    • Rutherford, M.A.1
  • 30
    • 0037237388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal cytomegalovirus infection of the brain: the spectrum of sonographic findings
    • Malinger G., Lev D., Zahalka N., et al. Fetal cytomegalovirus infection of the brain: the spectrum of sonographic findings. Am J Neuroradiol 2003, 24:28-32.
    • (2003) Am J Neuroradiol , vol.24 , pp. 28-32
    • Malinger, G.1    Lev, D.2    Zahalka, N.3
  • 32
    • 0141855219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR imaging of acquired fetal brain disorders
    • Girard N., Gire C., Sigaudy S., et al. MR imaging of acquired fetal brain disorders. Childs Nerv Syst 2003, 19:490-500.
    • (2003) Childs Nerv Syst , vol.19 , pp. 490-500
    • Girard, N.1    Gire, C.2    Sigaudy, S.3
  • 33
    • 31844441033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI of fetal acquired brain lesions
    • Prayer D., Kasprian G., Witzani L., et al. MRI of fetal acquired brain lesions. Eur J Radiol 2006, 57:233-249.
    • (2006) Eur J Radiol , vol.57 , pp. 233-249
    • Prayer, D.1    Kasprian, G.2    Witzani, L.3
  • 34
    • 50549090017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal magnetic resonance imaging
    • Huisman T.A. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging. Semin Roentgenol 2008, 43:314-336.
    • (2008) Semin Roentgenol , vol.43 , pp. 314-336
    • Huisman, T.A.1
  • 35
    • 0347986696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of ischemic brain lesions in the survivors of monochorionic twin pregnancies: report of 3 cases
    • Righini A., Salmona S., Bianchini E., et al. Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of ischemic brain lesions in the survivors of monochorionic twin pregnancies: report of 3 cases. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2004, 28:87-92.
    • (2004) J Comput Assist Tomogr , vol.28 , pp. 87-92
    • Righini, A.1    Salmona, S.2    Bianchini, E.3
  • 36
    • 27544511882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal intracranial hemorrhage (fetal stroke): does grade matter?
    • Elchalal U., Yagel S., Gomori J.M., et al. Fetal intracranial hemorrhage (fetal stroke): does grade matter?. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2005, 26:233-243.
    • (2005) Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol , vol.26 , pp. 233-243
    • Elchalal, U.1    Yagel, S.2    Gomori, J.M.3
  • 37
    • 21344445006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental changes in diffusion anisotropy coincide with immature oligodendrocyte progression and maturation of compound action potential
    • Drobyshevsky A., Song S.K., Gamkrelidze G., et al. Developmental changes in diffusion anisotropy coincide with immature oligodendrocyte progression and maturation of compound action potential. J Neurosci 2005, 25:5988-5997.
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 5988-5997
    • Drobyshevsky, A.1    Song, S.K.2    Gamkrelidze, G.3
  • 39
    • 31844432954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro MRI of brain development
    • Rados M., Judas M., Kostovic I. In vitro MRI of brain development. Eur J Radiol 2006, 57:187-198.
    • (2006) Eur J Radiol , vol.57 , pp. 187-198
    • Rados, M.1    Judas, M.2    Kostovic, I.3
  • 40
    • 53049102006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In utero tractography of fetal white matter development
    • Kasprian G., Brugger P.C., Weber M., et al. In utero tractography of fetal white matter development. Neuroimage 2008, 43:213-224.
    • (2008) Neuroimage , vol.43 , pp. 213-224
    • Kasprian, G.1    Brugger, P.C.2    Weber, M.3
  • 41
    • 0028154030 scopus 로고
    • MR diffusion tensor spectroscopy and imaging
    • Basser P.J., Mattiello J., Le Bihan D. MR diffusion tensor spectroscopy and imaging. Biophys J 1994, 66:259-267.
    • (1994) Biophys J , vol.66 , pp. 259-267
    • Basser, P.J.1    Mattiello, J.2    Le Bihan, D.3
  • 42
    • 0022969218 scopus 로고
    • MR imaging of intravoxel incoherent motions: application to diffusion and perfusion in neurologic disorders
    • Le Bihan D., Breton E., Lallemand D., Grenier P., Cabanis E., Laval-Jeantet M. MR imaging of intravoxel incoherent motions: application to diffusion and perfusion in neurologic disorders. Radiology 1986, 161:401-407.
    • (1986) Radiology , vol.161 , pp. 401-407
    • Le Bihan, D.1    Breton, E.2    Lallemand, D.3    Grenier, P.4    Cabanis, E.5    Laval-Jeantet, M.6
  • 43
    • 26244435793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tractography-based quantitation of diffusion tensor imaging parameters in white matter tracts of preterm newborns
    • Partridge S.C., Mukherjee P., Berman J.I., et al. Tractography-based quantitation of diffusion tensor imaging parameters in white matter tracts of preterm newborns. J Magn Reson Imaging 2005, 22:467-474.
    • (2005) J Magn Reson Imaging , vol.22 , pp. 467-474
    • Partridge, S.C.1    Mukherjee, P.2    Berman, J.I.3
  • 44
    • 33646473693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the early organization and maturation of infants' cerebral white matter fiber bundles: a feasibility study using quantitative diffusion tensor imaging and tractography
    • Dubois J., Hertz-Pannier L., Dehaene-Lambertz G., Cointepas Y., Le Bihan D. Assessment of the early organization and maturation of infants' cerebral white matter fiber bundles: a feasibility study using quantitative diffusion tensor imaging and tractography. Neuroimage 2006, 30:1121-1132.
    • (2006) Neuroimage , vol.30 , pp. 1121-1132
    • Dubois, J.1    Hertz-Pannier, L.2    Dehaene-Lambertz, G.3    Cointepas, Y.4    Le Bihan, D.5
  • 45
    • 65249140137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomical characterization of human fetal brain development with diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging
    • Huang H., Xue R., Zhang J., et al. Anatomical characterization of human fetal brain development with diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. J Neurosci 2009, 29:4263-4273.
    • (2009) J Neurosci , vol.29 , pp. 4263-4273
    • Huang, H.1    Xue, R.2    Zhang, J.3
  • 46
    • 33748679123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • White and gray matter development in human fetal, newborn and pediatric brains
    • Huang H., Zhang J., Wakana S., et al. White and gray matter development in human fetal, newborn and pediatric brains. Neuroimage 2006, 33:27-38.
    • (2006) Neuroimage , vol.33 , pp. 27-38
    • Huang, H.1    Zhang, J.2    Wakana, S.3
  • 47
    • 77956466596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of axonal pathways in the human fetal fronto-limbic brain: histochemical characterization and diffusion tensor imaging
    • Vasung L., Huang H., Jovanov-Milosevic N., Pletikos M., Mori S., Kostovic I. Development of axonal pathways in the human fetal fronto-limbic brain: histochemical characterization and diffusion tensor imaging. J Anat 2010, 217:400-417.
    • (2010) J Anat , vol.217 , pp. 400-417
    • Vasung, L.1    Huang, H.2    Jovanov-Milosevic, N.3    Pletikos, M.4    Mori, S.5    Kostovic, I.6
  • 48
    • 67651196192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensory and motor deficits in children with cerebral palsy born preterm correlate with diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in thalamocortical pathways
    • Hoon A.H., Stashinko E.E., Nagae L.M., et al. Sensory and motor deficits in children with cerebral palsy born preterm correlate with diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities in thalamocortical pathways. Dev Med Child Neurol 2009, 51:697-704.
    • (2009) Dev Med Child Neurol , vol.51 , pp. 697-704
    • Hoon, A.H.1    Stashinko, E.E.2    Nagae, L.M.3
  • 49
    • 79251552833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional visualization of fetal white-matter pathways in utero
    • Mitter C., Kasprian G., Brugger P.C., Prayer D. Three-dimensional visualization of fetal white-matter pathways in utero. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2011, 37:252-253.
    • (2011) Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol , vol.37 , pp. 252-253
    • Mitter, C.1    Kasprian, G.2    Brugger, P.C.3    Prayer, D.4
  • 50
    • 77953534952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rest-stimulus interaction in the brain: a review
    • Northoff G., Quin P., Nakao T. Rest-stimulus interaction in the brain: a review. Trends Neurosci 2010, 33:277-284.
    • (2010) Trends Neurosci , vol.33 , pp. 277-284
    • Northoff, G.1    Quin, P.2    Nakao, T.3
  • 51
    • 47549097341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional connectivity of the sensorimotor area in naturally sleeping infants
    • Liu W.C., Flax J.F., Guise K.G., Sukul V., Benasich A.A. Functional connectivity of the sensorimotor area in naturally sleeping infants. Brain Res 2008, 1223:42-49.
    • (2008) Brain Res , vol.1223 , pp. 42-49
    • Liu, W.C.1    Flax, J.F.2    Guise, K.G.3    Sukul, V.4    Benasich, A.A.5
  • 52
    • 70350441422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous brain activity in the newborn brain during natural sleep - an fMRI study in infants born at full term
    • Fransson P., Skiöld, Engström M., et al. Spontaneous brain activity in the newborn brain during natural sleep - an fMRI study in infants born at full term. Pediatr Res 2009, 66:301-305.
    • (2009) Pediatr Res , vol.66 , pp. 301-305
    • Fransson, P.1    Skiöld Engström, M.2
  • 53
    • 47649085305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced resting-state brain activity in the "default network" in normal aging
    • Damoiseaux J.S., Beckmann C.F., Arigita E.J.S., et al. Reduced resting-state brain activity in the "default network" in normal aging. Cereb Cortex 2008, 18:1856-1864.
    • (2008) Cereb Cortex , vol.18 , pp. 1856-1864
    • Damoiseaux, J.S.1    Beckmann, C.F.2    Arigita, E.J.S.3
  • 54
    • 40649090533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low frequency BOLD fluctuations during resting wakefulness and light sleep: a simultaneous EEG-fMRI study
    • Horovitz S.G., Fukunaga M., deZwart J.A., et al. Low frequency BOLD fluctuations during resting wakefulness and light sleep: a simultaneous EEG-fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2008, 29:671-682.
    • (2008) Hum Brain Mapp , vol.29 , pp. 671-682
    • Horovitz, S.G.1    Fukunaga, M.2    deZwart, J.A.3
  • 55
    • 77956315939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of human functional brain networks
    • Power J.D., Fair D.A., Schlaggar B.L., Petersen S.E. The development of human functional brain networks. Neuron 2010, 67:735-748.
    • (2010) Neuron , vol.67 , pp. 735-748
    • Power, J.D.1    Fair, D.A.2    Schlaggar, B.L.3    Petersen, S.E.4
  • 56
    • 41949121294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The brain's default network: anatomy, function, and relevance to disease
    • Buckner R.L., Andrews-Hanna J.R., Schacter D.L. The brain's default network: anatomy, function, and relevance to disease. Ann NY Acad Sci 2008, 1124:1-38.
    • (2008) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.1124 , pp. 1-38
    • Buckner, R.L.1    Andrews-Hanna, J.R.2    Schacter, D.L.3
  • 57
    • 48549087974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous low-frequency blood oxygenation level dependent fluctuations and functional connectivity and analysis of the resting brain
    • Auer D.P. Spontaneous low-frequency blood oxygenation level dependent fluctuations and functional connectivity and analysis of the resting brain. Magn Reson Imaging 2008, 26:1055-1064.
    • (2008) Magn Reson Imaging , vol.26 , pp. 1055-1064
    • Auer, D.P.1
  • 58
    • 82655168678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A baseline for the multivariate comparison of resting-state networks
    • Allen E.A., Erhardt E.B., Damaraju E., et al. A baseline for the multivariate comparison of resting-state networks. Front Syst Neurosci 2011, 5:2.
    • (2011) Front Syst Neurosci , vol.5 , pp. 2
    • Allen, E.A.1    Erhardt, E.B.2    Damaraju, E.3
  • 59
    • 0036892242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain metabolite composition during early human brain development as measured by quantitative in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Kreis R., Hofmann L., Kuhlmann B., Boesch C., Bossi E., Hueppi P.S. Brain metabolite composition during early human brain development as measured by quantitative in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 2002, 48:949-958.
    • (2002) Magn Reson Med , vol.48 , pp. 949-958
    • Kreis, R.1    Hofmann, L.2    Kuhlmann, B.3    Boesch, C.4    Bossi, E.5    Hueppi, P.S.6
  • 60
    • 0026326952 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance in preterm and term newborns. 1H-spectroscopy in the developing human brain
    • Hüppi P.S., Posse S., Lazeyras F., Burri R., Bossi E., Herschkowitz N. Magnetic resonance in preterm and term newborns. 1H-spectroscopy in the developing human brain. Pediatr Res 1991, 30:574-578.
    • (1991) Pediatr Res , vol.30 , pp. 574-578
    • Hüppi, P.S.1    Posse, S.2    Lazeyras, F.3    Burri, R.4    Bossi, E.5    Herschkowitz, N.6
  • 61
    • 85047683086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of glycine pathways in nonketotic hyperglycinemia
    • Viola A., Chabrol B., Nicoli F., Confort-Gouny S., Viout P., Cozzone P.J. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of glycine pathways in nonketotic hyperglycinemia. Pediatr Res 2002, 52:292-300.
    • (2002) Pediatr Res , vol.52 , pp. 292-300
    • Viola, A.1    Chabrol, B.2    Nicoli, F.3    Confort-Gouny, S.4    Viout, P.5    Cozzone, P.J.6
  • 62
    • 0029962556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lactate, N-acetylaspartate, choline and creatine concentrations, and spin-spin relaxation in thalamic and occipito-parietal regions of developing human brain
    • Cady E.B., Penrice J., Amess P.N., et al. Lactate, N-acetylaspartate, choline and creatine concentrations, and spin-spin relaxation in thalamic and occipito-parietal regions of developing human brain. Magn Reson Med 1996, 36:878-886.
    • (1996) Magn Reson Med , vol.36 , pp. 878-886
    • Cady, E.B.1    Penrice, J.2    Amess, P.N.3
  • 63
    • 0024493728 scopus 로고
    • Localized high-resolution proton NMR spectroscopy using stimulated echoes: initial applications to human brain in vivo
    • Frahm J., Bruhn H., Gyngell M.L., Merboldt K.D., Hanicke W., Sauter R. Localized high-resolution proton NMR spectroscopy using stimulated echoes: initial applications to human brain in vivo. Magn Reson Med 1989, 9:79-93.
    • (1989) Magn Reson Med , vol.9 , pp. 79-93
    • Frahm, J.1    Bruhn, H.2    Gyngell, M.L.3    Merboldt, K.D.4    Hanicke, W.5    Sauter, R.6
  • 64
    • 0024370099 scopus 로고
    • Localized proton NMR spectroscopy in different regions of the human brain in vivo. Relaxation times and concentrations of cerebral metabolites
    • Frahm J., Bruhn H., Gyngell M.L., Merboldt K.D., Hanicke W., Sauter R. Localized proton NMR spectroscopy in different regions of the human brain in vivo. Relaxation times and concentrations of cerebral metabolites. Magn Reson Med 1989, 11:47-63.
    • (1989) Magn Reson Med , vol.11 , pp. 47-63
    • Frahm, J.1    Bruhn, H.2    Gyngell, M.L.3    Merboldt, K.D.4    Hanicke, W.5    Sauter, R.6
  • 66
    • 0035192450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic information from the human fetal brain obtained with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Kok R.D., van den Bergh A.J., Heerschap A., Nijland R., van den Berg P.P. Metabolic information from the human fetal brain obtained with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2001, 185:1011-1015.
    • (2001) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.185 , pp. 1011-1015
    • Kok, R.D.1    van den Bergh, A.J.2    Heerschap, A.3    Nijland, R.4    van den Berg, P.P.5
  • 67
    • 33749174871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of normal fetal brain maturation in utero by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Girard N., Gouny S.C., Viola A., et al. Assessment of normal fetal brain maturation in utero by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 2006, 56:768-775.
    • (2006) Magn Reson Med , vol.56 , pp. 768-775
    • Girard, N.1    Gouny, S.C.2    Viola, A.3
  • 68
    • 0034234634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choline: an essential nutrient for humans
    • Zeisel S.H. Choline: an essential nutrient for humans. Nutrition 2000, 16:669-671.
    • (2000) Nutrition , vol.16 , pp. 669-671
    • Zeisel, S.H.1
  • 69
    • 0027451907 scopus 로고
    • Development of the human brain: in vivo quantification of metabolite and water content with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    • Kreis R., Ernst T., Ross B.D. Development of the human brain: in vivo quantification of metabolite and water content with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 1993, 30:424-437.
    • (1993) Magn Reson Med , vol.30 , pp. 424-437
    • Kreis, R.1    Ernst, T.2    Ross, B.D.3
  • 70
    • 0030907733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuronal maturation and N-acetyl-l-aspartic acid development in human fetal and child brains
    • Kato T., Nishina M., Matsushita K., Hori E., Mito T., Takashima S. Neuronal maturation and N-acetyl-l-aspartic acid development in human fetal and child brains. Brain Dev 1997, 19:131-133.
    • (1997) Brain Dev , vol.19 , pp. 131-133
    • Kato, T.1    Nishina, M.2    Matsushita, K.3    Hori, E.4    Mito, T.5    Takashima, S.6
  • 71
    • 0033961818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro expression of N-acetyl aspartate by oligodendrocytes: implications for proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy signal in vivo
    • Bhakoo K.K., Pearce D. In vitro expression of N-acetyl aspartate by oligodendrocytes: implications for proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy signal in vivo. J Neurochem 2000, 74:254-262.
    • (2000) J Neurochem , vol.74 , pp. 254-262
    • Bhakoo, K.K.1    Pearce, D.2
  • 72
    • 0030930416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance techniques in the evaluation of the newborn brain
    • Hüppi P.S., Barnes P.D. Magnetic resonance techniques in the evaluation of the newborn brain. Clin Perinatol 1997, 24:693-723.
    • (1997) Clin Perinatol , vol.24 , pp. 693-723
    • Hüppi, P.S.1    Barnes, P.D.2
  • 73
    • 0032471373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR imaging and proton spectroscopy in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A lyase deficiency
    • van der Knaap M.S., Bakker H.D., Valk J. MR imaging and proton spectroscopy in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A lyase deficiency. Am J Neuroradiol 1998, 19:378-382.
    • (1998) Am J Neuroradiol , vol.19 , pp. 378-382
    • van der Knaap, M.S.1    Bakker, H.D.2    Valk, J.3
  • 74
    • 0028869441 scopus 로고
    • Metabolic alterations in the neonate and infant brain during development: evaluation with proton MR spectroscopy
    • Kimura H., Fujii Y., Itoh S., et al. Metabolic alterations in the neonate and infant brain during development: evaluation with proton MR spectroscopy. Radiology 1995, 194:483-489.
    • (1995) Radiology , vol.194 , pp. 483-489
    • Kimura, H.1    Fujii, Y.2    Itoh, S.3
  • 75
    • 0028872079 scopus 로고
    • Reduced N-acetylaspartate in the brain observed on in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with mental retardation
    • Hashimoto T., Tayama M., Miyazaki M., et al. Reduced N-acetylaspartate in the brain observed on in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with mental retardation. Pediatr Neurol 1995, 13:205-208.
    • (1995) Pediatr Neurol , vol.13 , pp. 205-208
    • Hashimoto, T.1    Tayama, M.2    Miyazaki, M.3
  • 77
    • 44849108669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic assessment of the brain using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in a growth-restricted human fetus: case report
    • Azupura H., Alvarado A., Mayobre F., Salom T., Copel J.A., Guevara-Zuloaga F. Metabolic assessment of the brain using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in a growth-restricted human fetus: case report. Am J Perinat 2008, 25:305-309.
    • (2008) Am J Perinat , vol.25 , pp. 305-309
    • Azupura, H.1    Alvarado, A.2    Mayobre, F.3    Salom, T.4    Copel, J.A.5    Guevara-Zuloaga, F.6
  • 78
    • 42449100686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain metabolite levels assessed by lactate-edited MR spectroscopy in premature neonates with and without pentobarbital sedation
    • Wang Z.J., Vigneron D.B., Miller S.P., et al. Brain metabolite levels assessed by lactate-edited MR spectroscopy in premature neonates with and without pentobarbital sedation. Am J Neuroradiol 2008, 29:798-801.
    • (2008) Am J Neuroradiol , vol.29 , pp. 798-801
    • Wang, Z.J.1    Vigneron, D.B.2    Miller, S.P.3
  • 80
    • 22044431602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinoic acid induced myelomeningocele in fetal rats: characterization by histopathological analysis and magnetic resonance imaging
    • Danzer E., Schwarz U., Wehrli S., Radu A., Adzick N.S., Flake A.W. Retinoic acid induced myelomeningocele in fetal rats: characterization by histopathological analysis and magnetic resonance imaging. Exp Neurol 2005, 194:467-475.
    • (2005) Exp Neurol , vol.194 , pp. 467-475
    • Danzer, E.1    Schwarz, U.2    Wehrli, S.3    Radu, A.4    Adzick, N.S.5    Flake, A.W.6
  • 81
    • 0033756083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of glial reaction in the perinatal rat cortex: effect of lesion size in the 'critical period'
    • Kalman M., Ajtai B.M., Sommernes J.H. Characteristics of glial reaction in the perinatal rat cortex: effect of lesion size in the 'critical period'. Neural Plast 2000, 7:147-165.
    • (2000) Neural Plast , vol.7 , pp. 147-165
    • Kalman, M.1    Ajtai, B.M.2    Sommernes, J.H.3
  • 82
    • 77956163891 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abnormal brain microstructure and metabolism in small-for-gestational-age term fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler
    • Sanz-Cortes M., Figueras F., Bargallo N., Padilla N., Amat-Roldan I., Gratacos E. Abnormal brain microstructure and metabolism in small-for-gestational-age term fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2010, 36:159-165.
    • (2010) Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol , vol.36 , pp. 159-165
    • Sanz-Cortes, M.1    Figueras, F.2    Bargallo, N.3    Padilla, N.4    Amat-Roldan, I.5    Gratacos, E.6
  • 84
  • 85
    • 4444363247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased fetal movements: background, assessment, and clinical management
    • Olesen A.G., Svare J.A. Decreased fetal movements: background, assessment, and clinical management. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2004, 83:818-826.
    • (2004) Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand , vol.83 , pp. 818-826
    • Olesen, A.G.1    Svare, J.A.2
  • 86
    • 0022342114 scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound studies of human fetal behaviour
    • Prechtl H.F. Ultrasound studies of human fetal behaviour. Early Hum Dev 1985, 12:91-98.
    • (1985) Early Hum Dev , vol.12 , pp. 91-98
    • Prechtl, H.F.1
  • 90
    • 0035660830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor mechanism in speech ontogeny: phylogenetic, neurobiological and linguistic implications
    • McNeilage P.F., Davis B.L. Motor mechanism in speech ontogeny: phylogenetic, neurobiological and linguistic implications. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2001, 11:696-700.
    • (2001) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.11 , pp. 696-700
    • McNeilage, P.F.1    Davis, B.L.2
  • 91
    • 0025917555 scopus 로고
    • Human fetal mouthing movements: a potential biophysical variable for distinguishing state 1F from abnormal fetal behavior; report of 4 cases
    • Pillai M., James D. Human fetal mouthing movements: a potential biophysical variable for distinguishing state 1F from abnormal fetal behavior; report of 4 cases. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991, 38:151-156.
    • (1991) Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol , vol.38 , pp. 151-156
    • Pillai, M.1    James, D.2
  • 93
    • 14544285197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compositional analysis of muscle in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy using MR imaging
    • Marden F.A., Connolly A.M., Siegel M.J., Rubin D.A. Compositional analysis of muscle in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy using MR imaging. Skeletal Radiol 2005, 34:140-148.
    • (2005) Skeletal Radiol , vol.34 , pp. 140-148
    • Marden, F.A.1    Connolly, A.M.2    Siegel, M.J.3    Rubin, D.A.4
  • 94
    • 77952684112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T2 mapping in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: distribution of disease activity and correlation with clinical assessments
    • Kim H.K., Laor T., Horn P.S., Racadio J.M., Wong B., Dardzinski B.J. T2 mapping in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: distribution of disease activity and correlation with clinical assessments. Radiology 2010, 255:899-908.
    • (2010) Radiology , vol.255 , pp. 899-908
    • Kim, H.K.1    Laor, T.2    Horn, P.S.3    Racadio, J.M.4    Wong, B.5    Dardzinski, B.J.6
  • 95
    • 79954690900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal akinesia and associated abnormalities on prenatal MRI
    • Nemec S.F., Hoeftberger R., Nemec U., et al. Fetal akinesia and associated abnormalities on prenatal MRI. Prenat Diagn 2011, 31:484-490.
    • (2011) Prenat Diagn , vol.31 , pp. 484-490
    • Nemec, S.F.1    Hoeftberger, R.2    Nemec, U.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.