Education increases reserve against Alzheimer's disease-Evidence from structural MRI analysis

Neuroradiology

Volumn 54, Issue 9, 2012, Pages 929-938

  Liu, Yawu ^a   Julkunen, Valtteri ^a   Paajanen, Teemu ^a   Westman, Eric ^b   Wahlund, Lars Olof ^b   Aitken, Andrew ^c   Sobow, Tomasz ^d   Mecocci, Patrizia ^e   Tsolaki, Magda ^f   Vellas, Bruno ^g   Muehlboeck, Sebastian ^h   Spenger, Christian ^b   Lovestone, Simon ^c,i   Simmons, Andrew ^c,i   Soininen, Hilkka ^a  

^a KUOPIO UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Finland)

^b KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^c SOUTH LONDON AND MAUDSLEY NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^d MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF LODZ   (Poland)

^e UNIVERSITY OF PERUGIA   (Italy)

^f ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI   (Greece)

^g TOULOUSE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (France)

^h MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

ⁱ KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Cognitive aging; Education; MCI (mild cognitive impairment); MRI

Indexed keywords

AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN SIZE; CINGULATE GYRUS; CLINICAL STUDY; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORTICAL THICKNESS; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; INFERIOR PARIETAL GYRUS; INSULA; LABORATORY AUTOMATION; LATERAL OCCIPITAL CORTEX; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL EDUCATION; MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; OCCIPITAL CORTEX; OUTCOME OF EDUCATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SUPERIOR PARIETAL GYRUS; TEMPORAL CORTEX; TEMPORAL GYRUS;

AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ATROPHY; BRAIN MAPPING; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; EDUCATIONAL STATUS; FEMALE; HUMANS; IMAGE INTERPRETATION, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; PHANTOMS, IMAGING; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES;

EID: 84866023850     PISSN: 00283940     EISSN: 14321920     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00234-012-1005-0     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Brayne C, Ince PG, Keage HA et al (2010) Education, the brain and dementia: neuroprotection or compensation? Brain 133:2210- 2216
2. Perneczky R, Wagenpfeil S, Lunetta KL et al (2009) Education attenuates the effect of medial temporal lobe atrophy on cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease: the MIRAGE study. J Alzheimers Dis 17:855-862
3. Ngandu T, von Strauss E, Helkala EL et al (2007) Education and dementia: what lies behind the association? Neurology 69:1442-1450 (Pubitemid 47511466)
4. Christensen H, Anstey KJ, Parslow RA, Maller J, Mackinnon A, Sachdev P (2007) The brain reserve hypothesis, brain atrophy and aging. Gerontology 53:82-95 (Pubitemid 46279734)
5. Koepsell TD, Kurland BF, Harel O, Johnson EA, Zhou XH, Kukull WA (2008) Education, cognitive function, and severity of neuropathology in Alzheimer disease. Neurology 70:1732-1739 (Pubitemid 351653956)
6. Fotenos AF, Mintun MA, Snyder AZ, Morris JC, Buckner RL (2008) Brain volume decline in aging: evidence for a relation between socioeconomic status, preclinical Alzheimer disease, and reserve. Arch Neurol 65:113-120
7. Coffey CE, Saxton JA, Ratcliff G, Bryan RN, Lucke JF (1999) Relation of education to brain size in normal aging: implications for the reserve hypothesis. Neurology 53:189-196 (Pubitemid 29329670)
8. Piras F, Cherubini A, Caltagirone C, Spalletta G (2010) Education mediates microstructural changes in bilateral hippocampus. Hum Brain Mapp 32:282-289
9. Teipel SJ, Meindl T, Wagner M et al (2009) White matter microstructure in relation to education in aging and Alzheimer's disease. J Alzheimers Dis 17:571-583
10. Sole-Padulles C, Bartres-Faz D, Junque C et al (2009) Brain structure and function related to cognitive reserve variables in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 30:1114-1124
11. Liu Y, Paajanen T, Zhang Yet al (2010) Analysis of regional MRI volumes and thicknesses as predictors of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 31:1375-1385
12. Querbes O, Aubry F, Pariente J et al (2009) Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease using cortical thickness: impact of cognitive reserve. Brain 132:2036-2047
13. Lovestone S, Francis P, Strandgaard K (2007) Biomarkers for disease modification trials - the innovative medicines initiative and AddNeuroMed. J Nutr Health Aging 11:359-361 (Pubitemid 47121941)
14. Simmons A, Westman E, Muehlboeck S et al (2009) MRI measures of Alzheimer's disease and the AddNeuroMed study. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1180:47-55
15. Hughes CP, Berg L, Danziger WL, Coben LA, Martin RL (1982) A new clinical scale for the staging of dementia. Br J Psychiatry 140:566-572 (Pubitemid 12124384)
16. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR (1975) Mini-mental state. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12:189-198
17. Association AP (1994) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. American Psychiatric Association, Washington
18. McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, Katzman R, Price D, Stadlan EM (1984) Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 34:939-944 (Pubitemid 14076461)
19. Petersen RC, Doody R, Kurz A et al (2001) Current concepts in mild cognitive impairment. Arch Neurol 58:1985-1992 (Pubitemid 33143977)
20. Petersen RC, Smith GE, Waring SC, Ivnik RJ, Tangalos EG, Kokmen E (1999) Mild cognitive impairment: clinical characterization and outcome. Arch Neurol 56:303-308 (Pubitemid 29120227)
21. Jack CR Jr, Bernstein MA, Fox NC et al (2008) The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI): MRI methods. J Magn Reson Imaging 27:685-691 (Pubitemid 351508080)
22. Simmons A, Westman E, Muehlboeck S et al (2011) The Add- NeuroMed framework for multi-centre MRI assessment of longitudinal changes in Alzheimer's disease: experience from the first 24 months. Int J Ger Psych 26:75-82
23. Fischl B, Dale AM (2000) Measuring the thickness of the human cerebral cortex from magnetic resonance images. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97:11050-11055
24. Fischl B, Salat DH, van der Kouwe AJ et al (2004) Sequenceindependent segmentation of magnetic resonance images. Neuro- Image 23(Suppl 1):S69-S84 (Pubitemid 39429376)
25. Segonne F, Dale AM, Busa E et al (2004) A hybrid approach to the skull stripping problem in MRI. NeuroImage 22:1060-1075 (Pubitemid 38829195)
26. Fischl B, Salat DH, Busa E et al (2002) Whole brain segmentation: automated labeling of neuroanatomical structures in the human brain. Neuron 33:341-355 (Pubitemid 34162530)
27. Sled JG, Zijdenbos AP, Evans AC (1998) A nonparametric method for automatic correction of intensity nonuniformity in MRI data. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 17:87-97 (Pubitemid 128742012)
28. Fischl B, Liu A, Dale AM (2001) Automated manifold surgery: constructing geometrically accurate and topologically correct models of the human cerebral cortex. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 20:70-80 (Pubitemid 32293421)
29. Fischl B, Sereno MI, Dale AM (1999) Cortical surface-based analysis. II: inflation, flattening, and a surface-based coordinate system. NeuroImage 9:195-207 (Pubitemid 29369875)
30. Fischl B, Sereno MI, Tootell RB, Dale AM (1999) High-resolution intersubject averaging and a coordinate system for the cortical surface. Hum Brain Mapp 8:272-284
31. Desikan RS, Segonne F, Fischl B et al (2006) An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest. NeuroImage 31:968-980 (Pubitemid 44183792)
32. Rosas HD, Liu AK, Hersch S et al (2002) Regional and progressive thinning of the cortical ribbon in Huntington's disease. Neurology 58:695-701 (Pubitemid 34211546)
33. Kuperberg GR, Broome MR, McGuire PK et al (2003) Regionally localized thinning of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 60:878-888 (Pubitemid 37122306)
34. Salat DH, Buckner RL, Snyder AZ et al (2004) Thinning of the cerebral cortex in aging. Cereb Cortex 14:721-730 (Pubitemid 38856947)
35. Han X, Jovicich J, Salat D et al (2006) Reliability of MRI-derived measurements of human cerebral cortical thickness: the effects of field strength, scanner upgrade and manufacturer. NeuroImage 32:180-194
36. Ganguli M, Snitz BE, Lee CW, Vanderbilt J, Saxton JA, Chang CC (2010) Age and education effects and norms on a cognitive test battery from a population-based cohort: the Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team. Aging Ment Health 14:100-107
37. Fjell AM, Amlien IK, Westlye LT, Walhovd KB (2009) Minimental state examination is sensitive to brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 28:252-258
38. Storey JD, Taylor JE, Siegmund D (2004) Strong control, conservative point estimation, and simultaneous conservative consistency of false discovery rates: a unified approach. J Roy Stat Soc B 66:187-205 (Pubitemid 38210666)
39. Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y (1995) Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J Roy Stat Soc B 57:289-300
40. Katzman R (1993) Education and the prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 43:13-20 (Pubitemid 23035350)
41. Stern Y (2002) What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept. J IntNeuropsychol Soc 8:448-460 (Pubitemid 34296102)
42. Roth M, Tomlinson BE, Blessed G (1967) The relationship between quantitative measures of dementia and of degenerative changes in the cerebral grey matter of elderly subjects. Proc R Soc Med 60:254-260
43. Satz P (1993) Brain reserve capacity on symptom onset after brain injury: A formulation and review of evidence for threshold theory. Neuropsychology 7:273-295
44. Stern Y (2006) Cognitive reserve and Alzheimer disease. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 20:112-117 (Pubitemid 44305911)
45. Stern Y, Tang MX, Denaro J, Mayeux R (1995) Increased risk of mortality in Alzheimer's disease patients with more advanced educational and occupational attainment. Ann Neurol 37:590-595
46. Seo SW, Im K, Lee JM et al (2011) Effects of demographic factors on cortical thickness in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 32:200-209
47. Mortel KF, Meyer JS, Herod B, Thornby J (1995) Education and occupation as risk factors for dementias of the Alzheimer and ischemic vascular types. Dementia 6:55-62
48. Stern Y, Gurland B, Tatemichi TK, Tang MX,Wilder D, Mayeux R (1994) Influence of education and occupation on the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. JAMA 271:1004-1010 (Pubitemid 24099921)