메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 41, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 1162-1173

Lower educational level is a predictor of incident type 2 diabetes in European countries: The EPIC-interact study

(50)  Sacerdote, Carlotta a,b   Ricceri, Fulvio b   Rolandsson, Olov c   Baldi, Ileana d   Chirlaque, Maria Dolores e,f   Feskens, Edith g   Bendinelli, Benedetta h   Ardanaz, Eva e,i   Arriola, Larraitz j   Balkau, Beverley k,l   Bergmann, Manuela m   Beulens, Joline WJ n   Boeing, Heiner m   Clavel Chapelon, Françoise k,l   Crowe, Francesca o   de Lauzon Guillain, Blandine k,l   Forouhi, Nita p   Franks, Paul W c,q,r   Gallo, Valentina s,t   Gonzalez, Carlos u   more..


Author keywords

Cohort studies; Education; Epidemiologic research design; Relative index of inequality; Socio economic status; T2DM

Indexed keywords

COHORT ANALYSIS; DIABETES; DISEASE INCIDENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN; HEALTH EDUCATION; HEALTH RISK; META-ANALYSIS; PARTICIPATORY APPROACH; SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS;

EID: 84865703223     PISSN: 03005771     EISSN: 14643685     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dys091     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (128)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 53949112060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer and disparities in health: perspectives on health statistics and research questions
    • Brawley OW, Berger MZ. Cancer and disparities in health: perspectives on health statistics and research questions. Cancer 2008;113(Suppl. 7):1744-54.
    • (2008) Cancer , vol.113 , Issue.SUPPL. 7 , pp. 1744-1754
    • Brawley, O.W.1    Berger, M.Z.2
  • 2
    • 70349405867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demographic data in asthma clinical trials: a systematic review with implications for generalizing trial findings and tackling health disparities
    • Frampton GK, Shepherd J, Dorne JL. Demographic data in asthma clinical trials: a systematic review with implications for generalizing trial findings and tackling health disparities. Soc Sci Med 2009;69:1147-54.
    • (2009) Soc Sci Med , vol.69 , pp. 1147-1154
    • Frampton, G.K.1    Shepherd, J.2    Dorne, J.L.3
  • 4
    • 73949119179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic status and cardiovascular disease: risks and implications for care
    • Clark AM, DesMeules M, Luo W, Duncan AS, Wielgosz A. Socioeconomic status and cardiovascular disease: risks and implications for care. Nat Rev Cardiol 2009;6:712-22.
    • (2009) Nat Rev Cardiol , vol.6 , pp. 712-722
    • Clark, A.M.1    DesMeules, M.2    Luo, W.3    Duncan, A.S.4    Wielgosz, A.5
  • 5
    • 0025851782 scopus 로고
    • Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study
    • Marmot MG, Smith GD, Stansfeld S et al. Health inequalities among British civil servants: the Whitehall II study. Lancet 1991;337:1387-93.
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.337 , pp. 1387-1393
    • Marmot, M.G.1    Smith, G.D.2    Stansfeld, S.3
  • 6
    • 0022530893 scopus 로고
    • Body fat distribution and hyperinsulinemia as risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease
    • Stern MP, Haffner SM. Body fat distribution and hyperinsulinemia as risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Arteriosclerosis 1986;6:123-30.
    • (1986) Arteriosclerosis , vol.6 , pp. 123-130
    • Stern, M.P.1    Haffner, S.M.2
  • 7
    • 0028947766 scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of risk factors for development of non-insulin dependent diabetes in middle aged British men
    • Perry IJ, Wannamethee SG, Walker MK, Thomson AG, Whincup PH, Shaper AG. Prospective study of risk factors for development of non-insulin dependent diabetes in middle aged British men. BMJ 1995;310:560-64.
    • (1995) BMJ , vol.310 , pp. 560-564
    • Perry, I.J.1    Wannamethee, S.G.2    Walker, M.K.3    Thomson, A.G.4    Whincup, P.H.5    Shaper, A.G.6
  • 8
    • 0022623866 scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic disparities in risk factors for cardiovascular disease
    • Millar WJ, Wigle DT. Socioeconomic disparities in risk factors for cardiovascular disease. CMAJ 1986;134:127-32.
    • (1986) CMAJ , vol.134 , pp. 127-132
    • Millar, W.J.1    Wigle, D.T.2
  • 9
    • 0035164887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic status and type 2 diabetes in African American and non-Hispanic white women and men: evidence from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    • Robbins JM, Vaccarino V, Zhang H, Kasl SV. Socioeconomic status and type 2 diabetes in African American and non-Hispanic white women and men: evidence from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Public Health 2001;91:76-83.
    • (2001) Am J Public Health , vol.91 , pp. 76-83
    • Robbins, J.M.1    Vaccarino, V.2    Zhang, H.3    Kasl, S.V.4
  • 10
    • 0037628985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender-related differences in the association between socioeconomic status and self-reported diabetes
    • Tang M, Chen Y, Krewski D. Gender-related differences in the association between socioeconomic status and self-reported diabetes. Int J Epidemiol 2003;32:381-85.
    • (2003) Int J Epidemiol , vol.32 , pp. 381-385
    • Tang, M.1    Chen, Y.2    Krewski, D.3
  • 11
    • 53549118574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic inequalities in diabetes mellitus across Europe at the beginning of the 21st century
    • Espelt A, Borrell C, Roskam AJ et al. Socioeconomic inequalities in diabetes mellitus across Europe at the beginning of the 21st century. Diabetologia 2008;51:1971-79.
    • (2008) Diabetologia , vol.51 , pp. 1971-1979
    • Espelt, A.1    Borrell, C.2    Roskam, A.J.3
  • 12
    • 77951292523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type 2 diabetes in Canada: concentration of risk among most disadvantaged men but inverse social gradient across groups in women
    • Dasgupta K, Khan S, Ross NA. Type 2 diabetes in Canada: concentration of risk among most disadvantaged men but inverse social gradient across groups in women. Diabet Med 2010;27:522-31.
    • (2010) Diabet Med , vol.27 , pp. 522-531
    • Dasgupta, K.1    Khan, S.2    Ross, N.A.3
  • 13
    • 0031310051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The health of Canadians with diabetes
    • (English); 53-59. (French)
    • James R, Young TK, Mustard CA, Blanchard J. The health of Canadians with diabetes. Health Rep 1997;9: 47-52(English); 53-59 (French).
    • (1997) Health Rep , vol.9 , pp. 47-52
    • James, R.1    Young, T.K.2    Mustard, C.A.3    Blanchard, J.4
  • 14
    • 26444563474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Foreign- and Swedish-born diabetic patients-a population-based study of prevalence, glycaemic control and social position
    • Hjelm K, Isacsson A, Apelqvist J, Sundquist J, Nyberg P. Foreign- and Swedish-born diabetic patients-a population-based study of prevalence, glycaemic control and social position. Scand J Soc Med 1996;24:243-52.
    • (1996) Scand J Soc Med , vol.24 , pp. 243-252
    • Hjelm, K.1    Isacsson, A.2    Apelqvist, J.3    Sundquist, J.4    Nyberg, P.5
  • 15
    • 0033982234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diabetes prevalence and socioeconomic status: a population based study showing increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in deprived areas
    • Connolly V, Unwin N, Sherriff P, Bilous R, Kelly W. Diabetes prevalence and socioeconomic status: a population based study showing increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in deprived areas. J Epidemiol Community Health 2000;54:173-7.
    • (2000) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.54 , pp. 173-177
    • Connolly, V.1    Unwin, N.2    Sherriff, P.3    Bilous, R.4    Kelly, W.5
  • 16
    • 0037217243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences on the variation in prevalence of type 2 diabetes between general practices: practice, patient or socioeconomic factors?
    • Whitford DL, Griffin SJ, Prevost AT. Influences on the variation in prevalence of type 2 diabetes between general practices: practice, patient or socioeconomic factors? Br J Gen Pract 2003;53:9-14.
    • (2003) Br J Gen Pract , vol.53 , pp. 9-14
    • Whitford, D.L.1    Griffin, S.J.2    Prevost, A.T.3
  • 17
    • 22644438664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socio-economic inequalities in the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk factors and chronic diabetic complications in the Basque Country, Spain
    • Larranaga I, Arteagoitia JM, Rodriguez JL, Gonzalez F, Esnaola S, Pinies JA. Socio-economic inequalities in the prevalence of Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular risk factors and chronic diabetic complications in the Basque Country, Spain. Diabet Med 2005;22:1047-53.
    • (2005) Diabet Med , vol.22 , pp. 1047-1053
    • Larranaga, I.1    Arteagoitia, J.M.2    Rodriguez, J.L.3    Gonzalez, F.4    Esnaola, S.5    Pinies, J.A.6
  • 18
    • 0028902705 scopus 로고
    • Sex difference in lifestyle factors predictive of diabetes in Mexican-Americans
    • Monterrosa AE, Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP. Sex difference in lifestyle factors predictive of diabetes in Mexican-Americans. Diabetes Care 1995;18:448-56.
    • (1995) Diabetes Care , vol.18 , pp. 448-456
    • Monterrosa, A.E.1    Haffner, S.M.2    Stern, M.P.3    Hazuda, H.P.4
  • 19
    • 0031028255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten-year follow-up study on the relation between the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and occupation
    • Morikawa Y, Nakagawa H, Ishizaki M et al. Ten-year follow-up study on the relation between the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and occupation. Am J Ind Med 1997;31:80-84.
    • (1997) Am J Ind Med , vol.31 , pp. 80-84
    • Morikawa, Y.1    Nakagawa, H.2    Ishizaki, M.3
  • 20
    • 0035513648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weighing in on type 2 diabetes in the military: characteristics of U. S. military personnel at entry who develop type 2 diabetes
    • Paris RM, Bedno SA, Krauss MR, Keep LW, Rubertone MV. Weighing in on type 2 diabetes in the military: characteristics of U.S. military personnel at entry who develop type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2001; 24:1894-98.
    • (2001) Diabetes Care , vol.24 , pp. 1894-1898
    • Paris, R.M.1    Bedno, S.A.2    Krauss, M.R.3    Keep, L.W.4    Rubertone, M.V.5
  • 22
    • 4644303272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study of social and other risk factors for incidence of type 2 diabetes in the Whitehall II study
    • Kumari M, Head J, Marmot M. Prospective study of social and other risk factors for incidence of type 2 diabetes in the Whitehall II study. Arch Intern Med 2004;164: 1873-80.
    • (2004) Arch Intern Med , vol.164 , pp. 1873-1880
    • Kumari, M.1    Head, J.2    Marmot, M.3
  • 23
    • 74049099565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life-course socioeconomic position and incidence of diabetes mellitus among blacks and whites: the Alameda County Study, 1965-1999
    • Maty SC, James SA, Kaplan GA. Life-course socioeconomic position and incidence of diabetes mellitus among blacks and whites: the Alameda County Study, 1965-1999. Am J Public Health 2010;100:137-45.
    • (2010) Am J Public Health , vol.100 , pp. 137-145
    • Maty, S.C.1    James, S.A.2    Kaplan, G.A.3
  • 24
    • 34848895084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locality deprivation and type 2 diabetes incidence: a local test of relative inequalities
    • Cox M, Boyle PJ, Davey PG, Feng Z, Morris AD. Locality deprivation and type 2 diabetes incidence: a local test of relative inequalities. Soc Sci Med 2007;65:1953-64.
    • (2007) Soc Sci Med , vol.65 , pp. 1953-1964
    • Cox, M.1    Boyle, P.J.2    Davey, P.G.3    Feng, Z.4    Morris, A.D.5
  • 25
    • 34447304091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socio-economic position at three points in life in association with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in middle-aged Swedish men and women
    • Agardh EE, Ahlbom A, Andersson T et al. Socio-economic position at three points in life in association with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in middle-aged Swedish men and women. Int J Epidemiol 2007;36:84-92.
    • (2007) Int J Epidemiol , vol.36 , pp. 84-92
    • Agardh, E.E.1    Ahlbom, A.2    Andersson, T.3
  • 26
    • 78349299431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 14-year diabetes incidence: the role of socio-economic status
    • Ross NA, Gilmour H, Dasgupta K. 14-year diabetes incidence: the role of socio-economic status. Health Rep 2010; 21:19-28.
    • (2010) Health Rep , vol.21 , pp. 19-28
    • Ross, N.A.1    Gilmour, H.2    Dasgupta, K.3
  • 27
    • 79959364962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type 2 diabetes incidence and socio-economic position: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Agardh E, Allebeck P, Hallqvist J, Moradi T, Sidorchuk A. Type 2 diabetes incidence and socio-economic position: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Epidemiol 2011; 40:804-18.
    • (2011) Int J Epidemiol , vol.40 , pp. 804-818
    • Agardh, E.1    Allebeck, P.2    Hallqvist, J.3    Moradi, T.4    Sidorchuk, A.5
  • 28
    • 0030945016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring social class in US public health research: concepts, methodologies, and guidelines
    • Krieger N. Measuring social class in US public health research: concepts, methodologies, and guidelines. Annu Rev Public Health 1997;18:341-78.
    • (1997) Annu Rev Public Health , vol.18 , pp. 341-378
    • Krieger, N.1
  • 29
    • 28944447646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic status in health research: one size does not fit all
    • Braveman PA, Cubbin C, Egerter S, Chideya S et al. Socioeconomic status in health research: one size does not fit all. JAMA 2005;294:2879-88.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 2879-2888
    • Braveman, P.A.1    Cubbin, C.2    Egerter, S.3    Chideya, S.4
  • 30
    • 0023724725 scopus 로고
    • The measurement of social class in epidemiology
    • Liberatos P, Link BG, Kelsey JL. The measurement of social class in epidemiology. Epidemiol Rev 1988;10: 87-121.
    • (1988) Epidemiol Rev , vol.10 , pp. 87-121
    • Liberatos, P.1    Link, B.G.2    Kelsey, J.L.3
  • 31
    • 0026772380 scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic status and health: how education, income and occupation contribute to the risk factors for cardiovascular disease
    • Winkleby MA, Jatulis DE, Frank E et al. Socioeconomic status and health: how education, income and occupation contribute to the risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Am J Public Health 1992;82:816-20.
    • (1992) Am J Public Health , vol.82 , pp. 816-820
    • Winkleby, M.A.1    Jatulis, D.E.2    Frank, E.3
  • 32
    • 80054698404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and cohort description of the InterAct Project: an examination of the interaction of genetic and lifestyle factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the, EPIC., Study
    • The InterAct Consortium
    • The InterAct Consortium. Design and cohort description of the InterAct Project: an examination of the interaction of genetic and lifestyle factors on the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC Study. Diabetologia 2011;54:2272-82.
    • (2011) Diabetologia , vol.54 , pp. 2272-2282
  • 33
    • 0345700787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): study populations and data collection
    • Riboli E, Hunt KJ, Slimani N et al. European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): study populations and data collection. Public Health Nutr 2002; 5:1113-24.
    • (2002) Public Health Nutr , vol.5 , pp. 1113-1124
    • Riboli, E.1    Hunt, K.J.2    Slimani, N.3
  • 34
    • 0030932519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring the magnitude of socio-economic inequalities in health: an overview of available measures illustrated with two examples from Europe
    • Mackenbach JP, Kunst AE. Measuring the magnitude of socio-economic inequalities in health: an overview of available measures illustrated with two examples from Europe. Soc Sci Med 1997;44:757-71.
    • (1997) Soc Sci Med , vol.44 , pp. 757-771
    • Mackenbach, J.P.1    Kunst, A.E.2
  • 35
    • 62349133401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of smoking and diet in explaining educational inequalities in lung cancer incidence
    • Menvielle G, Boshuizen H, Kunst AE et al. The role of smoking and diet in explaining educational inequalities in lung cancer incidence. J Natl Cancer Inst 2009;101: 321-30.
    • (2009) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.101 , pp. 321-330
    • Menvielle, G.1    Boshuizen, H.2    Kunst, A.E.3
  • 36
    • 0037933364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validity and repeatability of a simple index derived from the short physical activity questionnaire used in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study
    • Wareham NJ, Jakes RW, Rennie KL et al. Validity and repeatability of a simple index derived from the short physical activity questionnaire used in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Public Health Nutr 2003;6:407-13.
    • (2003) Public Health Nutr , vol.6 , pp. 407-413
    • Wareham, N.J.1    Jakes, R.W.2    Rennie, K.L.3
  • 37
    • 0032924944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causal diagrams for epidemiologic research
    • Greenland S, Pearl J, Robins JM. Causal diagrams for epidemiologic research. Epidemiology 1999;10:37-48.
    • (1999) Epidemiology , vol.10 , pp. 37-48
    • Greenland, S.1    Pearl, J.2    Robins, J.M.3
  • 38
    • 0032578110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors: findings for women from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994
    • Winkleby MA, Kraemer HC, Ahn DK, Varady AN. Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors: findings for women from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. JAMA 1998;280:356-62.
    • (1998) JAMA , vol.280 , pp. 356-362
    • Winkleby, M.A.1    Kraemer, H.C.2    Ahn, D.K.3    Varady, A.N.4
  • 39
    • 24144458554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race/ethnicity, life-course socioeconomic position, and body weight trajectories over 34 years: the Alameda County Study
    • Baltrus PT, Lynch JW, Everson-Rose S, Raghunathan TE, Kaplan GA. Race/ethnicity, life-course socioeconomic position, and body weight trajectories over 34 years: the Alameda County Study. Am J Public Health 2005;95: 1595-601.
    • (2005) Am J Public Health , vol.95 , pp. 1595-1601
    • Baltrus, P.T.1    Lynch, J.W.2    Everson-Rose, S.3    Raghunathan, T.E.4    Kaplan, G.A.5
  • 40
    • 37149034177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active smoking and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Willi C, Bodenmann P, Ghali WA, Faris PD, Cornuz J. Active smoking and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2007;298:2654-64.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.298 , pp. 2654-2664
    • Willi, C.1    Bodenmann, P.2    Ghali, W.A.3    Faris, P.D.4    Cornuz, J.5
  • 42
  • 44
    • 0037080447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causal knowledge as a prerequisite for confounding evaluation: an application to birth defects epidemiology
    • Hernan MA, Hernandez-Diaz S, Werler MM, Mitchell AA. Causal knowledge as a prerequisite for confounding evaluation: an application to birth defects epidemiology. Am J Epidemiol 2002;155:176-84.
    • (2002) Am J Epidemiol , vol.155 , pp. 176-184
    • Hernan, M.A.1    Hernandez-Diaz, S.2    Werler, M.M.3    Mitchell, A.A.4
  • 45
    • 77951622706 scopus 로고
    • The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects
    • Rosenbaum PR, Rubin DB. The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika 1983;70:41-55.
    • (1983) Biometrika , vol.70 , pp. 41-55
    • Rosenbaum, P.R.1    Rubin, D.B.2
  • 48
    • 0037098199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis
    • Higgins JP, Thompson SG. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med 2002;21:1539-58.
    • (2002) Stat Med , vol.21 , pp. 1539-1558
    • Higgins, J.P.1    Thompson, S.G.2
  • 49
    • 0030735556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can we monitor socioeconomic inequalities in health? A survey of U. S. health departments' data collection and reporting practices
    • Krieger N, Chen JT, Ebel G. Can we monitor socioeconomic inequalities in health? A survey of U.S. health departments' data collection and reporting practices. Public Health Rep 1997;112:481-91.
    • (1997) Public Health Rep , vol.112 , pp. 481-491
    • Krieger, N.1    Chen, J.T.2    Ebel, G.3
  • 50
    • 77956462081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of early psychosocial factors (childhood socioeconomic factors and adversities) on future risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic disturbances and obesity: a systematic review
    • Tamayo T, Christian H, Rathmann W. Impact of early psychosocial factors (childhood socioeconomic factors and adversities) on future risk of type 2 diabetes, metabolic disturbances and obesity: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2010;10:525.
    • (2010) BMC Public Health , vol.10 , pp. 525
    • Tamayo, T.1    Christian, H.2    Rathmann, W.3
  • 51
    • 0024323707 scopus 로고
    • Early-life background and the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Leonetti DL, Fujimoto WY, Wahl PW. Early-life background and the development of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Phys Anthropol 1989;3:345-55.
    • (1989) Am J Phys Anthropol , vol.3 , pp. 345-355
    • Leonetti, D.L.1    Fujimoto, W.Y.2    Wahl, P.W.3
  • 52
    • 0035051872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social circumstances in childhood and cardiovascular disease mortality: prospective observational study of Glasgow University students
    • Davey Smith G, McCarron P, Okasha M, McEwen J. Social circumstances in childhood and cardiovascular disease mortality: prospective observational study of Glasgow University students. J Epidemiol Community Health 2001;55:340-41.
    • (2001) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.55 , pp. 340-341
    • Davey Smith, G.1    McCarron, P.2    Okasha, M.3    McEwen, J.4
  • 53
    • 0028331339 scopus 로고
    • Effect of social class in childhood and adulthood on adult mortality
    • Vagero D, Leon D. Effect of social class in childhood and adulthood on adult mortality. Lancet 1994;343: 1224-25.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.343 , pp. 1224-1225
    • Vagero, D.1    Leon, D.2
  • 54
    • 0032580764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse socioeconomic conditions in childhood and cause specific adult mortality: prospective observational study
    • Davey Smith G, Hart C, Blane D, Hole D. Adverse socioeconomic conditions in childhood and cause specific adult mortality: prospective observational study. BMJ 1998;316:1631-35.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.316 , pp. 1631-1635
    • Davey Smith, G.1    Hart, C.2    Blane, D.3    Hole, D.4
  • 55
    • 0027955101 scopus 로고
    • Childhood and adult socioeconomic status as predictors of mortality in Finland
    • Lynch JW, Kaplan GA, Cohen RD et al. Childhood and adult socioeconomic status as predictors of mortality in Finland. Lancet 1994;343:524-27.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.343 , pp. 524-527
    • Lynch, J.W.1    Kaplan, G.A.2    Cohen, R.D.3
  • 56
    • 0033574025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Birthweight and the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult women
    • Rich-Edwards JW, Colditz GA, Stampfer MJ et al. Birthweight and the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult women. Ann Intern Med 1999;130(4 Pt 1):278-84.
    • (1999) Ann Intern Med , vol.130 , Issue.4 PART 1 , pp. 278-284
    • Rich-Edwards, J.W.1    Colditz, G.A.2    Stampfer, M.J.3
  • 57
    • 18344374457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dairy consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in men: a prospective study
    • Choi HK, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Rimm E, Hu FB. Dairy consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in men: a prospective study. Arch Intern Med 2005;165: 997-1003.
    • (2005) Arch Intern Med , vol.165 , pp. 997-1003
    • Choi, H.K.1    Willett, W.C.2    Stampfer, M.J.3    Rimm, E.4    Hu, F.B.5
  • 58
    • 0141832614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of depression to diabetes types 1 and 2: epidemiology, biology, and treatment
    • Musselman DL, Betan E, Larsen H, Phillips LS. Relationship of depression to diabetes types 1 and 2: epidemiology, biology, and treatment. Biol Psychiatry 2003;54: 317-29.
    • (2003) Biol Psychiatry , vol.54 , pp. 317-329
    • Musselman, D.L.1    Betan, E.2    Larsen, H.3    Phillips, L.S.4
  • 59
    • 1442299803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explanations of socioeconomic differences in excess risk of type 2 diabetes in Swedish men and women
    • Agardh EE, Ahlbom A, Andersson T et al. Explanations of socioeconomic differences in excess risk of type 2 diabetes in Swedish men and women. Diabetes Care 2004;27: 716-21.
    • (2004) Diabetes Care , vol.27 , pp. 716-721
    • Agardh, E.E.1    Ahlbom, A.2    Andersson, T.3
  • 60
    • 78751584532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social conditions as fundamental causes of health inequalities: theory, evidence, and policy implications
    • Phelan JC, Link BG, Tehranifar P. Social conditions as fundamental causes of health inequalities: theory, evidence, and policy implications. J Health Soc Behav 2010; 51(Suppl.):S28-40.
    • (2010) J Health Soc Behav , vol.51 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Phelan, J.C.1    Link, B.G.2    Tehranifar, P.3
  • 61
    • 0035052340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative contribution of early life and adult socioeconomic factors to adult morbidity in the Whitehall II study
    • Marmot M, Shipley M, Brunner E, Hemingway H. Relative contribution of early life and adult socioeconomic factors to adult morbidity in the Whitehall II study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2001;55:310-17.
    • (2001) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.55 , pp. 310-317
    • Marmot, M.1    Shipley, M.2    Brunner, E.3    Hemingway, H.4
  • 62
    • 0030630417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The measurement of social class in health studies: old measures and new formulations
    • Berkman LF, Macintyre S. The measurement of social class in health studies: old measures and new formulations. IARC Sci Publ 1997;138:51-64.
    • (1997) IARC Sci Publ , vol.138 , pp. 51-64
    • Berkman, L.F.1    Macintyre, S.2
  • 63
    • 0028060126 scopus 로고
    • The size of mortality differences associated with educational level in nine industrialized countries
    • Kunst AE, Mackenbach JP. The size of mortality differences associated with educational level in nine industrialized countries. Am J Public Health 1994;84:932-37.
    • (1994) Am J Public Health , vol.84 , pp. 932-937
    • Kunst, A.E.1    Mackenbach, J.P.2
  • 64
    • 0031911312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Education and occupational social class: which is the more important indicator of mortality risk?
    • Davey Smith G, Hart C, Hole D et al. Education and occupational social class: which is the more important indicator of mortality risk? J Epidemiol Community Health 1998;52:153-60.
    • (1998) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.52 , pp. 153-160
    • Davey Smith, G.1    Hart, C.2    Hole, D.3
  • 65
    • 3042808136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic position and health among persons with diabetes mellitus: a conceptual framework and review of the literature
    • Brown AF, Ettner SL, Piette J et al. Socioeconomic position and health among persons with diabetes mellitus: a conceptual framework and review of the literature. Epidemiol Rev 2004;26:63-77.
    • (2004) Epidemiol Rev , vol.26 , pp. 63-77
    • Brown, A.F.1    Ettner, S.L.2    Piette, J.3
  • 66
    • 0027376801 scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature
    • Kaplan GA, Keil JE. Socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular disease: a review of the literature. Circulation 1993; 88(4 Pt 1):1973-98.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.88 , Issue.4 Pt 1 , pp. 1973-1998
    • Kaplan, G.A.1    Keil, J.E.2
  • 67
    • 0025899965 scopus 로고
    • Physical activity behaviors in lower and higher socioeconomic status populations
    • Ford ES, Merritt RK, Heath GW et al. Physical activity behaviors in lower and higher socioeconomic status populations. Am J Epidemiol 1991;133:1246-56.
    • (1991) Am J Epidemiol , vol.133 , pp. 1246-1256
    • Ford, E.S.1    Merritt, R.K.2    Heath, G.W.3
  • 68
    • 84856208214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inequalities in body mass index and smoking behavior in 70 countries: evidence for a social transition in chronic disease risk
    • Fleischer NL, Diez Roux AV, Hubbard AE. Inequalities in body mass index and smoking behavior in 70 countries: evidence for a social transition in chronic disease risk. Am J Epidemiol 2012;175:167-76.
    • (2012) Am J Epidemiol , vol.175 , pp. 167-176
    • Fleischer, N.L.1    Diez Roux, A.V.2    Hubbard, A.E.3
  • 69
    • 0033967113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic status and trends in risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in the Danish MONICA population, 1982-1992
    • Osler M, Gerdes LU, Davidsen M et al. Socioeconomic status and trends in risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in the Danish MONICA population, 1982-1992. Epidemiol Community Health 2000;54:108-13.
    • (2000) Epidemiol Community Health , vol.54 , pp. 108-113
    • Osler, M.1    Gerdes, L.U.2    Davidsen, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.