메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 8, 2012, Pages 665-671

Stigma experiences in bipolar patients: The impact upon functioning

Author keywords

Bipolar disorder; Discrimination; Functioning; Impairment; Stigma

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTITUDE TO HEALTH; BIPOLAR DISORDER; BRAZIL; COGNITION; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERSONAL AUTONOMY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; QUESTIONNAIRE; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; SOCIAL STIGMA; STATISTICS;

EID: 84865590785     PISSN: 13510126     EISSN: 13652850     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2850.2011.01849.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (22)

References (71)
  • 1
  • 2
    • 33751228411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subsyndromal depressive symptoms are associated with functional impairment in patients with bipolar disorder: results of a large, multisite study
    • Altshuler L.L., Post R.M., Black D.O., etal. (2006) Subsyndromal depressive symptoms are associated with functional impairment in patients with bipolar disorder: results of a large, multisite study. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 67, 1551-1560.
    • (2006) The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry , vol.67 , pp. 1551-1560
    • Altshuler, L.L.1    Post, R.M.2    Black, D.O.3
  • 4
    • 0032171097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emerging epidemiology of hypomania and bipolar II disorder
    • Angst J. (1998) The emerging epidemiology of hypomania and bipolar II disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders 50, 143-151.
    • (1998) Journal of Affective Disorders , vol.50 , pp. 143-151
    • Angst, J.1
  • 7
    • 34548062870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bipolar II disorder - epidemiology, diagnosis and management
    • Benazzi F. (2007) Bipolar II disorder - epidemiology, diagnosis and management. CNS Drugs 21, 727-740.
    • (2007) CNS Drugs , vol.21 , pp. 727-740
    • Benazzi, F.1
  • 8
    • 0000506071 scopus 로고
    • The wording and translation of research instruments
    • (eds Lonner, W.L. & Berry, J.W.) Sage, Newbury Park, CA.
    • Brislin R. (1986) The wording and translation of research instruments. In: Field Methods in Cross-Cultural Research (eds Lonner, W.L. & Berry, J.W.), pp. 137-164. Sage, Newbury Park, CA.
    • (1986) Field Methods in Cross-Cultural Research , pp. 137-164
    • Brislin, R.1
  • 10
    • 65549101893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validity of a short functioning test (FAST) in Brazilian outpatients with bipolar disorder
    • Cacilhas A., Magalhaes P., Weyne F., etal. (2009b) Validity of a short functioning test (FAST) in Brazilian outpatients with bipolar disorder. Value in Health 12, 624-627.
    • (2009) Value in Health , vol.12 , pp. 624-627
    • Cacilhas, A.1    Magalhaes, P.2    Weyne, F.3
  • 11
    • 13644267314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recovery and functional outcomes following olanzapine treatment for bipolar I mania
    • Chengappa K.N., Hennen J., Baldessarini R.J., etal. (2005) Recovery and functional outcomes following olanzapine treatment for bipolar I mania. Bipolar Disorders 7, 68-76.
    • (2005) Bipolar Disorders , vol.7 , pp. 68-76
    • Chengappa, K.N.1    Hennen, J.2    Baldessarini, R.J.3
  • 12
    • 0034130586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duration between onset and time of obtaining treatment among people with anxiety and mood disorders: an international survey of mental health patient advocacy groups
    • Christiana J.M., Gilman S.E., Guardino M., etal. (2000) Duration between onset and time of obtaining treatment among people with anxiety and mood disorders: an international survey of mental health patient advocacy groups. Psychological Medicine 30, 693-703.
    • (2000) Psychological Medicine , vol.30 , pp. 693-703
    • Christiana, J.M.1    Gilman, S.E.2    Guardino, M.3
  • 13
    • 7444245528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How stigma interferes with mental health care
    • Corrigan P. (2004) How stigma interferes with mental health care. The American Psychologist 59, 614-625.
    • (2004) The American Psychologist , vol.59 , pp. 614-625
    • Corrigan, P.1
  • 14
    • 34247465687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twelve-month outcome of adolescents with bipolar disorder following first hospitalization for a manic or mixed episode
    • DelBello M.P., Hanseman D., Adler C.M., etal. (2007) Twelve-month outcome of adolescents with bipolar disorder following first hospitalization for a manic or mixed episode. The American Journal of Psychiatry 164, 582-590.
    • (2007) The American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.164 , pp. 582-590
    • DelBello, M.P.1    Hanseman, D.2    Adler, C.M.3
  • 15
    • 8444252970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bipolar disorder in middle-aged and elderly adults: is age of onset important?
    • Depp C.A., Jin H., Mohamed S., etal. (2004) Bipolar disorder in middle-aged and elderly adults: is age of onset important? The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 192, 796-799.
    • (2004) The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , vol.192 , pp. 796-799
    • Depp, C.A.1    Jin, H.2    Mohamed, S.3
  • 17
    • 34247606722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social functioning in bipolar patients: the perception and perspective of patients, relatives and advocacy organizations - a review
    • Elgie R. & Morselli P.L. (2007) Social functioning in bipolar patients: the perception and perspective of patients, relatives and advocacy organizations - a review. Bipolar Disorders 9, 144-157.
    • (2007) Bipolar Disorders , vol.9 , pp. 144-157
    • Elgie, R.1    Morselli, P.L.2
  • 18
    • 0023546905 scopus 로고
    • Caring and its burdens: a study of the spouses of depressed patients
    • Fadden G., Bebbington P. & Kuipers L. (1987) Caring and its burdens: a study of the spouses of depressed patients. The British Journal of Psychiatry 151, 660-667.
    • (1987) The British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.151 , pp. 660-667
    • Fadden, G.1    Bebbington, P.2    Kuipers, L.3
  • 19
    • 0001308851 scopus 로고
    • Are women nicer people that men? Sex and the stigma of mental disorders
    • Farina A. (1981) Are women nicer people that men? Sex and the stigma of mental disorders. Clinical Psychology Review 1, 223-243.
    • (1981) Clinical Psychology Review , vol.1 , pp. 223-243
    • Farina, A.1
  • 21
    • 33845603568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and time course of subsyndromal symptoms in patients with bipolar I disorder: an evaluation of 2 placebo-controlled maintenance trials
    • Frye M.A., Yatham L.N., Calabrese J.R., etal. (2006) Incidence and time course of subsyndromal symptoms in patients with bipolar I disorder: an evaluation of 2 placebo-controlled maintenance trials. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 67, 1721-1728.
    • (2006) The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry , vol.67 , pp. 1721-1728
    • Frye, M.A.1    Yatham, L.N.2    Calabrese, J.R.3
  • 23
    • 34247613536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional impairment in patients with mania: baseline results of the EMBLEM study
    • Goetz I., Tohen M., Reed C., etal. (2007) Functional impairment in patients with mania: baseline results of the EMBLEM study. Bipolar Disorders 9, 45-52.
    • (2007) Bipolar Disorders , vol.9 , pp. 45-52
    • Goetz, I.1    Tohen, M.2    Reed, C.3
  • 25
    • 1542637060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical correlates of child hood and adolescent adjustment in adult patients with bipolar disorder
    • Goldberg J.F. & Ernst C.L. (2004) Clinical correlates of child hood and adolescent adjustment in adult patients with bipolar disorder. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 192, 187-192.
    • (2004) The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease , vol.192 , pp. 187-192
    • Goldberg, J.F.1    Ernst, C.L.2
  • 27
    • 67349131433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta analysis of predictive validity
    • Greenwald A.G., Poehlman T.A., Uhlmann E.L., etal. (2009) Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta analysis of predictive validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 97, 17-41.
    • (2009) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.97 , pp. 17-41
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    Poehlman, T.A.2    Uhlmann, E.L.3
  • 29
    • 0037330918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perception and impact of bipolar disorder: how far have we really come? Results of the national depressive and manic-depressive association 2000 survey of individuals with bipolar disorder
    • Hirschfeld R.M., Lewis L. & Vornick L.A. (2003) Perception and impact of bipolar disorder: how far have we really come? Results of the national depressive and manic-depressive association 2000 survey of individuals with bipolar disorder. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 64, 161-174.
    • (2003) The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry , vol.64 , pp. 161-174
    • Hirschfeld, R.M.1    Lewis, L.2    Vornick, L.A.3
  • 32
    • 42049118280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Residual symptom recovery from major affective episode in bipolar disorders and rapid episode relapse/recurrence
    • Judd L., Schettler P., Akiska H., etal. (2008) Residual symptom recovery from major affective episode in bipolar disorders and rapid episode relapse/recurrence. Archives of General Psychiatry 65, 386-394.
    • (2008) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.65 , pp. 386-394
    • Judd, L.1    Schettler, P.2    Akiska, H.3
  • 33
    • 2642658369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 12-month outcome of patients with bipolar disorder following hospitalization for a manic or mixed episode
    • Keck P.E. Jr, McElroy S.L., Strakowski S.M., etal. (1998) 12-month outcome of patients with bipolar disorder following hospitalization for a manic or mixed episode. The American Journal of Psychiatry 155, 646-652.
    • (1998) The American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.155 , pp. 646-652
    • Keck Jr., P.E.1    McElroy, S.L.2    Strakowski, S.M.3
  • 34
    • 34247568434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term social functioning after depression treated by psychiatrists: a review
    • Kennedy N., Foy K., Sherazi R., etal. (2007) Long-term social functioning after depression treated by psychiatrists: a review. Bipolar Disorders 9, 25-37.
    • (2007) Bipolar Disorders , vol.9 , pp. 25-37
    • Kennedy, N.1    Foy, K.2    Sherazi, R.3
  • 36
    • 54149098821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can antistigma campaigns be improved? A test of the impact of biogenetic vs psychosocial causal explanations on implicit and explicit attitudes to schizophrenia
    • Lincoln T.M., Arens E., Berger C., etal. (2008) Can antistigma campaigns be improved? A test of the impact of biogenetic vs psychosocial causal explanations on implicit and explicit attitudes to schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin 34, 984-994.
    • (2008) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.34 , pp. 984-994
    • Lincoln, T.M.1    Arens, E.2    Berger, C.3
  • 38
    • 0031157708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On stigma and its consequences: evidence from a longitudinal study of men with dual diagnoses of mental illness and substance abuse
    • Link B.G., Struening E.L., Rahav M., etal. (1997) On stigma and its consequences: evidence from a longitudinal study of men with dual diagnoses of mental illness and substance abuse. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 38, 177-190.
    • (1997) Journal of Health and Social Behavior , vol.38 , pp. 177-190
    • Link, B.G.1    Struening, E.L.2    Rahav, M.3
  • 39
    • 0027936396 scopus 로고
    • The National Depressive and Manic Depressive Association (DMDA) survey of bipolar members
    • Lish J.D., Dime-Meenan S., Whybow P.C., etal. (1994) The National Depressive and Manic Depressive Association (DMDA) survey of bipolar members. Journal of Affective Disorders 31, 281-294.
    • (1994) Journal of Affective Disorders , vol.31 , pp. 281-294
    • Lish, J.D.1    Dime-Meenan, S.2    Whybow, P.C.3
  • 40
    • 0030734708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of functioning and well-being in recovered psychotic versus nonpsychotic mania
    • MacQueen G.M., Young L.T., Robb J.C., etal. (1997) Levels of functioning and well-being in recovered psychotic versus nonpsychotic mania. Journal of Affective Disorders 46, 69-72.
    • (1997) Journal of Affective Disorders , vol.46 , pp. 69-72
    • MacQueen, G.M.1    Young, L.T.2    Robb, J.C.3
  • 41
    • 0013044693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of number of episodes on wellbeing and functioning of patients with bipolar disorder
    • MacQueen G.M., Young L.T., Robb J.C., etal. (2000) Effect of number of episodes on wellbeing and functioning of patients with bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 101, 374-381.
    • (2000) Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , vol.101 , pp. 374-381
    • MacQueen, G.M.1    Young, L.T.2    Robb, J.C.3
  • 42
    • 0035128832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of psychosocial outcome in patients with bipolar disorder
    • MacQueen G.M., Young L.T. & Joffe R.T. (2001) A review of psychosocial outcome in patients with bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 103, 163-170.
    • (2001) Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , vol.103 , pp. 163-170
    • MacQueen, G.M.1    Young, L.T.2    Joffe, R.T.3
  • 43
    • 12244283703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropsychological performance in depressed and euthymic bipolar patients
    • SUPPL.
    • Martínez-Arán A., Vieta E., Colom F., etal. (2002) Neuropsychological performance in depressed and euthymic bipolar patients. Neuropsychobiology 46 (Suppl. 1), 16-21.
    • (2002) Neuropsychobiology , vol.46 , Issue.1 , pp. 16-21
    • Martínez-Arán, A.1    Vieta, E.2    Colom, F.3
  • 44
    • 2542526102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive impairment in euthymic bipolar patients: implications for clinical and functional outcome
    • Martínez-Arán A., Vieta E., Colom F., etal. (2004) Cognitive impairment in euthymic bipolar patients: implications for clinical and functional outcome. Bipolar Disorders 6, 224-322.
    • (2004) Bipolar Disorders , vol.6 , pp. 224-322
    • Martínez-Arán, A.1    Vieta, E.2    Colom, F.3
  • 45
    • 34247597344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional outcome in bipolar disorder: the role of clinical and cognitive factors
    • Martínez-Arán A., Vieta E., Torrent C., etal. (2007) Functional outcome in bipolar disorder: the role of clinical and cognitive factors. Bipolar Disorders 9, 103-113.
    • (2007) Bipolar Disorders , vol.9 , pp. 103-113
    • Martínez-Arán, A.1    Vieta, E.2    Torrent, C.3
  • 46
    • 9644288233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of bipolar disorder on work loss
    • Matza L., De-Lissovoy G., Sasane R., etal. (2004) The impact of bipolar disorder on work loss. Drug Benefit Trends 16, 479-481.
    • (2004) Drug Benefit Trends , vol.16 , pp. 479-481
    • Matza, L.1    De-Lissovoy, G.2    Sasane, R.3
  • 48
    • 34247605501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of bipolar disorder upon work functioning: a qualitative analysis
    • Michalak E.E., Yatham L.N., Maxwell V., etal. (2007) The impact of bipolar disorder upon work functioning: a qualitative analysis. Bipolar Disorders 9, 126-143.
    • (2007) Bipolar Disorders , vol.9 , pp. 126-143
    • Michalak, E.E.1    Yatham, L.N.2    Maxwell, V.3
  • 49
    • 4143127720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twelve-month prevalence and disability of DSM-IV bipolar disorder in an Australian general population survey
    • Mitchell P.B., Slade T. & Andrews G. (2004) Twelve-month prevalence and disability of DSM-IV bipolar disorder in an Australian general population survey. Psychological Medicine 34, 777-785.
    • (2004) Psychological Medicine , vol.34 , pp. 777-785
    • Mitchell, P.B.1    Slade, T.2    Andrews, G.3
  • 50
    • 23044462497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of bipolar disorder: sociodemographic, disability and service utilization data from the Australian National Study of Low Prevalence (Psychotic) Disorders
    • Morgan V.A., Mitchell P.B. & Jablensky A.V. (2005) The epidemiology of bipolar disorder: sociodemographic, disability and service utilization data from the Australian National Study of Low Prevalence (Psychotic) Disorders. Bipolar Disorders 7, 326-337.
    • (2005) Bipolar Disorders , vol.7 , pp. 326-337
    • Morgan, V.A.1    Mitchell, P.B.2    Jablensky, A.V.3
  • 51
    • 34548448807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interventions for helping people recognize early signs of recurrence in bipolar disorder
    • Issue 24: CD004854.
    • Morriss R.K., Faizal M.A., Jones A.P., etal. (2007) Interventions for helping people recognize early signs of recurrence in bipolar disorder. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 24: CD004854.
    • (2007) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
    • Morriss, R.K.1    Faizal, M.A.2    Jones, A.P.3
  • 52
    • 0042630252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What the patients tell us: report on the GAMIAN International survey with specific reference to the Italian data
    • (eds Guimón, J. & Sartorius, N.) Kluwer, New York.
    • Morselli P.L. (1999) What the patients tell us: report on the GAMIAN International survey with specific reference to the Italian data. In: Manage or Perish? (eds Guimón, J. & Sartorius, N.), pp. 475-488. Kluwer, New York.
    • (1999) Manage or Perish? , pp. 475-488
    • Morselli, P.L.1
  • 53
    • 0037541285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social adjustment in stabilized sufferers from mood disorders and their relatives: a Fondazione IDEA survey
    • Morselli P.L. (2002) Social adjustment in stabilized sufferers from mood disorders and their relatives: a Fondazione IDEA survey. Primary Care Psychiatry 8, 85-90.
    • (2002) Primary Care Psychiatry , vol.8 , pp. 85-90
    • Morselli, P.L.1
  • 54
    • 0035181165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stigma as a barrier to recovery: adverse effects of perceived stigma on social adaptation of person diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder
    • Perlick D.A., Rosenheck R.A., Carin J.F., etal. (2001) Stigma as a barrier to recovery: adverse effects of perceived stigma on social adaptation of person diagnosed with bipolar affective disorder. Psychiatric Services 52, 1627-1632.
    • (2001) Psychiatric Services , vol.52 , pp. 1627-1632
    • Perlick, D.A.1    Rosenheck, R.A.2    Carin, J.F.3
  • 55
    • 34249894469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived stigma and depression among caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder
    • Perlick D.A., Miklowitz D.J., Link B.G., etal. (2007) Perceived stigma and depression among caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder. The British Journal of Psychiatry 190, 535-536.
    • (2007) The British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.190 , pp. 535-536
    • Perlick, D.A.1    Miklowitz, D.J.2    Link, B.G.3
  • 56
    • 65949118714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What happens after diagnosis? Understanding the experiences of patients with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder
    • Proudfoot J.G., Parker G.B., Benoit M., etal. (2009) What happens after diagnosis? Understanding the experiences of patients with newly diagnosed bipolar disorder. Health Expectations 12, 120-129.
    • (2009) Health Expectations , vol.12 , pp. 120-129
    • Proudfoot, J.G.1    Parker, G.B.2    Benoit, M.3
  • 58
    • 0030878761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of life and lifestyle disruption in euthymic bipolar disorder
    • Robb J.C., Cooke R.G., Devins G.M., etal. (1997) Quality of life and lifestyle disruption in euthymic bipolar disorder. Journal of Psychiatric Research 31, 509-517.
    • (1997) Journal of Psychiatric Research , vol.31 , pp. 509-517
    • Robb, J.C.1    Cooke, R.G.2    Devins, G.M.3
  • 60
    • 65549093086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical predictors of functional outcome of bipolar patients in remission
    • Rosa A.R., Reinares M., Franco C., etal. (2009) Clinical predictors of functional outcome of bipolar patients in remission. Bipolar Disorders 11, 401-409.
    • (2009) Bipolar Disorders , vol.11 , pp. 401-409
    • Rosa, A.R.1    Reinares, M.2    Franco, C.3
  • 61
    • 34247560238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explicit and implicit stigma against individuals with mental illness
    • Stier A. & Hinshaw S.P. (2007) Explicit and implicit stigma against individuals with mental illness. Australian Psychologist 42, 106-117.
    • (2007) Australian Psychologist , vol.42 , pp. 106-117
    • Stier, A.1    Hinshaw, S.P.2
  • 62
    • 0034666448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of substance abuse on the course of bipolar disorder
    • Strakowski S.M., DelBello M.P., Fleck D.E., etal. (2000) The impact of substance abuse on the course of bipolar disorder. Biological Psychiatry 48, 477-485.
    • (2000) Biological Psychiatry , vol.48 , pp. 477-485
    • Strakowski, S.M.1    DelBello, M.P.2    Fleck, D.E.3
  • 63
    • 57049093790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Inventory of Stigmatizing Experiences: its development and reliability
    • (Suppl. )
    • Stuart H., Milev R. & Koller M. (2005) The Inventory of Stigmatizing Experiences: its development and reliability. World Psychiatry 4 (Suppl. 1), 35-39.
    • (2005) World Psychiatry , vol.4 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-39
    • Stuart, H.1    Milev, R.2    Koller, M.3
  • 64
    • 0036285796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bipolar disorder in the general population in The Netherlands (prevalence, consequences and care utilization): results from The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS)
    • Ten Have M., Vollenbergh W., Bijl R., etal. (2002) Bipolar disorder in the general population in The Netherlands (prevalence, consequences and care utilization): results from The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). Journal of Affective Disorders 68, 203-213.
    • (2002) Journal of Affective Disorders , vol.68 , pp. 203-213
    • Ten Have, M.1    Vollenbergh, W.2    Bijl, R.3
  • 65
    • 33845330936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of subsyndromal symptoms after remission from manic or mixed episodes
    • Tohen M., Bowden C.L., Calabrese J.R., etal. (2006) Influence of subsyndromal symptoms after remission from manic or mixed episodes. The British Journal of Psychiatry 189, 515-519.
    • (2006) The British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.189 , pp. 515-519
    • Tohen, M.1    Bowden, C.L.2    Calabrese, J.R.3
  • 69
    • 0034268036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initiation and adherence to treatment for mental disorders. Examination of patient advocate group members in 11 countries
    • Wang P.S., Gilman S.E., Guardino M., etal. (2000) Initiation and adherence to treatment for mental disorders. Examination of patient advocate group members in 11 countries. Medical Care 38, 926-936.
    • (2000) Medical Care , vol.38 , pp. 926-936
    • Wang, P.S.1    Gilman, S.E.2    Guardino, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.