Pyrite-sulfosalt reactions and semimetal fractionation in the Chinkuashih, Taiwan, copper-gold deposit: A 1Ma paleo-fumarole

Geofluids

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 245-260

  Henley, R W ^a   Berger, B R ^b  

^a AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b DENVER FEDERAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Arsenic; Copper; Enargite; Fumarole; Gold; High sulfidation; Magmatic vapor; Solfatara

Indexed keywords

COPPER; FUMAROLE; GOLD; HEAVY METAL; ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION; ORE DEPOSIT; PYRITE; RECRYSTALLIZATION; SULFOSALT GROUP;

CHINKUASHIH; TAIWAN;

EID: 84865292924     PISSN: 14688115     EISSN: 14688123     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-8123.2012.00367.x     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Arribas A Jr (1995) Characteristics of high-sulfidation epithermal deposits, and their relation to magmatic fluid. Mineralogical Association of Canada Short Course, 23, 419-54.
2. Berger BR, Henley RW (2011) Magmatic-vapor expansion and the formation of high-sulfidation gold deposits: structural controls on hydrothermal alteration and ore mineralization. Ore Geology Reviews, 39, 75-90.
3. Bethke PM, Rye RO, Stoffregen RE, Vikre PG (2005) Evolution of the magmatic hydrothermal acid-sulfate system at Summitville, Colorado: integration of geological, stable-isotope, and fluid-inclusion evidence. Chemical Geology, 215, 281-315.
4. Brese NE, O'Keeffe M (1991) Bond-valence parameters for solids. Acta Crystalographica, B47, 192-7.
5. 4, A New Mineral Species From Kudriavy Volcano, Iturup Island, Kurile Arc, Russia. Canadian Mineralogist, 43, 695-701.
6. Chen CH, Tan RL, Chung SH, Liu TK (1993) Fission track age dating of igneous rocks and silicified sandstones from the Chilung volcano group, northern Taiwan: implication of mineralization events of the Chinkuashih gold-copper deposits. Journal of the Geological Society of China, 36, 157-74.
7. Cheng PY (1971) Occurrences and genesis of kaolin minerals from Taiwan. Part II: Dickite and nacrite. Proceedings of the Geological Society of China, 14, 21-33.
8. Cross W (1891) On alunite and diaspore from the Rosita Hills, Colorado. American Journal of Science, 41, 466-75.
9. Dolejs D, Manning CE (2010) Thermodynamic model for mineral solubility in aqueous fluids: theory, calibration and application to model fluid-flow systems. Geofluids, 10, 20-40.
10. 2S sulfur isotopic exchange in magmatic-steam and steam-heated environments. Chemical Geology, 215, 253-79.
11. Folinsbee RE, Kirkland K, Nekolaichuk A, Smejkal V (1972) Chinkuashih - a gold-pyrite-enargite-barite hydrothermal deposit in Taiwan. Geological Society of America Memoir, 135, 323-35.
12. Giggenbach WF (1987) Redox processes governing the chemistry of fumerolic gas discharges from White Island, New Zealand. Applied Geochemistry, 2, 143-61.
13. Henley RW, Berger BR (2011) Magmatic-vapor expansion and the formation of high-sulfidation gold deposits: chemical controls on alteration and mineralization. Ore Geology Reviews, 39, 63-74.
14. Henley RW, Mavrogenes J, Tanner D (2011) Sulfosalt melts and heavy metal (As-Sb-Bi-Te-Sn-Pb-Tl) fractionation during volcanic gas expansion: the El Indio (Chile) paleo-fumarole. Geofluids, DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-8123.2011.00357.x.
15. Huang CK (1955) Gold-copper deposits of the Chinkuashih mine, Taiwan, with special reference to the mineralogy. Acta Geologica Taiwanica, 7, 1-20.
16. Huang CK, Chou SA (1975) Parageneses of enargite and luzonite-famatinite in the Chinkuashih gold-copper deposits, Taiwan. Acta Geologica Taiwanica, 18, 26-35.
17. Huang C, Liu H (1984) Geologic Map Sheet 5, Shuanghsi. Central Geological Survey, Taiwan, 1:50, 000-scale.
18. Huang CK, Tsai HL (1984) Chemical variations of enargite and luzonite-famatinite from the Chinkuashih gold-copper deposits, Taiwan. Acta Geologica Taiwanica, 22, 118-30.
19. Hwang JY, Meyer HOA (1982) The mineral chemistry and genesis of the Chinkuashih ore deposits, Taiwan. Proceedings of the Geological Society of China, 25, 88-101.
20. Jannas RR, Bowers TS, Petersen U, Beane RE (1999) High-sulfidation deposit types in the El Indio district, Chile. In: Geology and Ore Deposits of the Central Andes (ed. Skinner BJ), pp 219-66. Society of Economic Geologists, Littleton, CO, Special Publication 7.
21. Kozu S, Watanabe S (1937) The hemimorphy of enargite. Japanese Association of Mineralogists, Petrologists, and Economic Geologists Journal, 18, 188-92.
22. Le Guern F, Bernard A (1982) A new method for sampling and analyzing volcanic sublimates. Application to Merapi Volcano, Java. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 12, 133-46.
23. Luce FD, Tuttle L, Skinner BJ (1977) Studies of the sulfosalts of copper: V. Phases and phase relations in the system Cu-Sb-As-S between 350° and 500°C. Economic Geology, 72, 271-89.
24. 20 in the lower crust and upper mantle. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 58, 4831-9.
25. Martin RS, Mather TA, Pyle DM (2006) High-temperature mixtures of magmatic and atmospheric gases. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, 7, Q04006, 14pp., doi:10.1029/2005GC001186.
26. Maske S, Skinner BJ (1971) Studies of the sulfosalts of copper I. Phases and phase relations in the system Cu-As-S. Economic Geology, 66, 901-18.
27. Mavrogenes J, Henley RW, Reyes A, Berger BR (2010) Sulfosalt melts: evidence of high-temperature gas transport of metals in the formation of high-sulfidation lode gold deposits. Economic Geology, 105, 257-62.
28. Montegrossi G, Tassi F, Minissale AA, Vaselli O, Buccianti A (2008) Natural fluctuations of sulfur species in volcanic fumaroles. Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics, 33, 75-102.
29. Muller A, Blachnik R (2002) Reactivity in the system copper-arsenic-sulfur, I. The formation of Cu3AsS4, enargite. Thermochimica Acta, 387, 153-71.
30. Pinto D, Balic-Zunik T, Garavelli A, Makovicky E, Vurro F (2006) Comparative crystal-structure study of Ag-free lillianite and galenobismutite from Vulcano, Aeolian Islands, Italy. Canadian Mineralogist, 44, 159-75.
31. Pokrovski GS, Zakirov IV, Roux J, Testemale D, Hazemann JL, Bychkov AY, Golikova GV (2002) Experimental study of arsenic speciation in vapor phase to 500°C: implications for As transport and fractionation in low-density crustal fluids and volcanic gases. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 66, 3453-80.
32. Posfai M, Buseck PR (1998) Relationships between microstructures and composition in enargite and luzonite. American Mineralogist, 83, 373-82.
33. Ransome FL (1907) The association of alunite with gold in the Goldfield district, Nevada. Economic Geology, 2, 667-92.
34. Ransome FL (1909). Geology and ore deposits of Goldfield, Nevada. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 66, 258 pp.
35. Rosenzweig A (1975) Zonal composition of luzonite-famatinite and enargite from the Chinkuashih mine, Taiwan. Proceedings of the Geological Society of China, 18, 128-30.
36. Rye RO (1993) The evolution of magmatic fluids in the epithermal environment: the stable isotope perspective. Economic Geology, 88, 733-52.
37. Saito M (1936) Mineral deposits of gold and copper at Kinkaseki, Formosa. Journal of Geography, 48, 164-75.
38. Sakazaki H, Ohtagaki T, Chin W (1964a) Geology and ore deposits of the Chin-qua-shih mine district (2): characteristics and mineralization. Mining Geology, 14, 274-85. (In Japanese)
39. Sakazaki H, Ohtagaki T, Chin W (1964b) Geology and ore deposits of the Chin-qua-shih mine district (3): characteristics and mineralization. Mining Geology, 14, 350-5. (In Japanese)
40. Signorelli S (1997) Arsenic in volcanic gases. Environmental Geology, 32, 239-44.
41. Skinner BJ, Luce D, Makovick E (1972) Studies of the sulfosalts of copper, III, Phases and phase relations in the system Cu-Sb-S. Economic Geology, 67, 924-38.
42. 4 join. Science Reports of the Tohoku University, 3rd Series, XV, 257-71.
43. 2 emissions from Augustine volcano, Alaska: the degassing of a Cl-rich volcanic system. Bulletin of Volcanology, 52, 355-374.
44. Tan LP (1991) The Chinkuashih gold-copper deposits, Taiwan. Society of Economic Geologists Newsletter, 7, 1, 22-24.
45. Tan LP, Wei CS (1997) The metallic economic minerals of Taiwan, 202 pp. Central Geological Survey, MOEA, Taipei, Taiwan. (In Chinese with English abstract).
46. Taran YA, Hedenquist JW, Korzhinsky MA, Tkachenko SI, Shmulovich KI (1995) Geochemistry of magmatic gases from Kudryavy volcano, Iturup, Kuril Islands. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59, 1749-61.
47. Vaughan DJ, Craig JR (1997) Sulfide ore mineral stabilities, morphologies, and intergrowth textures. In: Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits (ed Barnes HL), pp. 367-434. 3rd edn. Wiley, New York.
48. Wang Y (2010) Physical and chemical characteristics of the host rocks in controlling the mineralization of the Chinkuashih high-sulfidation gold-copper deposits, northeastern Taiwan. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 104, 61-8.
49. Wang Y, Sasaki M, Sasada M, Chen C-H (1999) Fluid inclusion studies of the Chinkuashih high-sulfidation gold-copper deposits in Taiwan. Chemical Geology, 154, 155-167.
50. Williams-Jones AE, Migdisov AM, Archibald SM, Xiao Z (2002) Vapor-transport of ore metals. In: Water-rock interactions, ore deposits and environmental geochemistry: a tribute to David A. Crerar (eds Hellmann R, Wood SA), pp. 279-305. Geochemical Society Special Publication, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
51. Wu IJ, Birnie RW (1977) The bournonite-seligmannite solid solution. American Mineralogist, 62, 1097-1100.
52. Yeh HW, Wang YS, Tan LP, Kusakabe M, Yu BS (2001) Fluid-inclusion, O- and S-isotope study of selected barite and enargite samples from the Chinkuashih Cu-Au deposit. In: Water-Rock Interaction 2 (ed. Cidu R), pp. 1597-600. A.A. Balkema, Tokyo.
53. Yu BS (1994) Auriferous breccia pipes of Chinkuashih, Taiwan. Unpublished PhD Thesis, pp. 322. National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
54. Zajacz Z, Seo JJ, Candela PA, Piccoli PM, Tossell JA (2011) The solubility of copper in high-temperature magmatic vapors: a quest for the significance of various chloride and sulfide complexes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75, 2811-27.