메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 100, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 1093-1104

Continental-scale variability in browser diversity is a major driver of diversity patterns in acacias across Africa

Author keywords

Diversity patterns; Herbivory; Plant herbivore interactions; Quaternary climate change; Resource consumer relationships; Savanna species; Speciation

Indexed keywords

CLIMATE CHANGE; COLONIZATION; CONTINENTAL SHELF; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; MAMMAL; NUMERICAL MODEL; PLANT-HERBIVORE INTERACTION; POPULATION DISTRIBUTION; SAVANNA; SHRUB; SPATIAL ANALYSIS; SPECIATION (BIOLOGY); SPECIES DIVERSITY; SPECIES RICHNESS;

EID: 84865281178     PISSN: 00220477     EISSN: 13652745     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2012.01994.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (31)

References (83)
  • 2
    • 35348923158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of biotic interactions for modelling species distributions under climate change
    • Araújo, M.B. & Luoto, M. (2007) The importance of biotic interactions for modelling species distributions under climate change. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 16, 743-753.
    • (2007) Global Ecology and Biogeography , vol.16 , pp. 743-753
    • Araújo, M.B.1    Luoto, M.2
  • 3
    • 78650476805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of palm species distributions across Africa: the relative roles of climate, non-climatic environmental factors, and spatial constraints
    • Blach-Overgaard, A., Svenning, J.-C., Dransfield, J., Greve, M. & Balslev, H. (2010) Determinants of palm species distributions across Africa: the relative roles of climate, non-climatic environmental factors, and spatial constraints. Ecography, 33, 380-391.
    • (2010) Ecography , vol.33 , pp. 380-391
    • Blach-Overgaard, A.1    Svenning, J.-C.2    Dransfield, J.3    Greve, M.4    Balslev, H.5
  • 4
    • 0034987490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acacia species turnover in space and time in an African savanna
    • Bond, W.J., Smythe, K.A. & Balfour, D.A. (2001) Acacia species turnover in space and time in an African savanna. Journal of Biogeography, 28, 117-128.
    • (2001) Journal of Biogeography , vol.28 , pp. 117-128
    • Bond, W.J.1    Smythe, K.A.2    Balfour, D.A.3
  • 6
    • 34250217865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum - Part 1: experiments and large-scale features
    • Braconnot, P., Otto-Bliesner, B., Harrison, S., Joussaume, S., Peterchmitt, J.-Y., Abe-Ouchi, A. et al. (2007) Results of PMIP2 coupled simulations of the Mid-Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum - Part 1: experiments and large-scale features. Climate of the Past, 3, 261-277.
    • (2007) Climate of the Past , vol.3 , pp. 261-277
    • Braconnot, P.1    Otto-Bliesner, B.2    Harrison, S.3    Joussaume, S.4    Peterchmitt, J.-Y.5    Abe-Ouchi, A.6
  • 8
    • 0022192950 scopus 로고
    • Condensed tannins deter feeding by browsing ruminants in a South African savanna
    • Cooper, S.M. & Owen-Smith, N. (1985) Condensed tannins deter feeding by browsing ruminants in a South African savanna. Oecologia, 67, 142-146.
    • (1985) Oecologia , vol.67 , pp. 142-146
    • Cooper, S.M.1    Owen-Smith, N.2
  • 9
    • 0022835027 scopus 로고
    • Effects of plant spinescence on large mammalian herbivores
    • Cooper, S.M. & Owen-Smith, N. (1986) Effects of plant spinescence on large mammalian herbivores. Oecologia, 68, 446-455.
    • (1986) Oecologia , vol.68 , pp. 446-455
    • Cooper, S.M.1    Owen-Smith, N.2
  • 10
    • 64149127941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining the uniqueness of the Cape flora: incorporating geomorphic evolution as a factor for explaining its diversification
    • Cowling, R.M., Procheş, Ş. & Partridge, T.C. (2009) Explaining the uniqueness of the Cape flora: incorporating geomorphic evolution as a factor for explaining its diversification. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 51, 64-74.
    • (2009) Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution , vol.51 , pp. 64-74
    • Cowling, R.M.1    Procheş, S.2    Partridge, T.C.3
  • 11
    • 0000134495 scopus 로고
    • The influence of large herbivores on savanna structure in Africa
    • eds B.J. Huntley & B.H. Walker) -. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    • Cumming, D.H.M. (1982) The influence of large herbivores on savanna structure in Africa. Ecology of Tropical Savannas (eds B.J. Huntley & B.H. Walker ), pp. 217-245. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    • (1982) Ecology of Tropical Savannas , pp. 217-245
    • Cumming, D.H.M.1
  • 12
    • 35848930781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods to account for spatial autocorrelation in the analysis of species distributional data: a review
    • Dormann, C.F., McPherson, J.M., Araújo, M.B., Bivand, R., Bolliger, J., Carl, G. et al. (2007) Methods to account for spatial autocorrelation in the analysis of species distributional data: a review. Ecography, 30, 609-628.
    • (2007) Ecography , vol.30 , pp. 609-628
    • Dormann, C.F.1    Mcpherson, J.M.2    Araújo, M.B.3    Bivand, R.4    Bolliger, J.5    Carl, G.6
  • 13
    • 34247359908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting species distributions from museum and herbarium records using multiresponse models fitted with multivariate adaptive regression splines
    • Elith, J. & Leathwick, J. (2007) Predicting species distributions from museum and herbarium records using multiresponse models fitted with multivariate adaptive regression splines. Diversity and Distributions, 13, 265-275.
    • (2007) Diversity and Distributions , vol.13 , pp. 265-275
    • Elith, J.1    Leathwick, J.2
  • 15
    • 79955476367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taxonomic status and paleoecology of Rusingoryx atopocranion (Mammalia, Artiodactyla), an extinct Pleistocene bovid from Rusinga Island, Kenya
    • Faith, J.T., Choiniere, J.N., Tryon, C.A., Peppe, D.J. & Fox, D.L. (2011) Taxonomic status and paleoecology of Rusingoryx atopocranion (Mammalia, Artiodactyla), an extinct Pleistocene bovid from Rusinga Island, Kenya. Quaternary Research, 75, 697-707.
    • (2011) Quaternary Research , vol.75 , pp. 697-707
    • Faith, J.T.1    Choiniere, J.N.2    Tryon, C.A.3    Peppe, D.J.4    Fox, D.L.5
  • 16
    • 70949094235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAO, IIASA, ISRIC, ISSCAS & JRC. FAO and IIASA, Rome and Laxenburg.
    • FAO, IIASA, ISRIC, ISSCAS & JRC (2009) Harmonized World Soil Database. FAO and IIASA, Rome and Laxenburg.
    • (2009) Harmonized World Soil Database
  • 19
    • 34247164399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Browsing lawns? Responses of Acacianigrescens to ungulate browsing in an African savanna
    • Fornara, D.A. & du Toit, J.T. (2007) Browsing lawns? Responses of Acacianigrescens to ungulate browsing in an African savanna. Ecology, 88, 200-209.
    • (2007) Ecology , vol.88 , pp. 200-209
    • Fornara, D.A.1    Du Toit, J.T.2
  • 20
    • 48149105984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the performance of threshold criteria for binary classification in terms of predicted prevalence and kappa
    • Freeman, E.A. & Moisen, G.G. (2008) A comparison of the performance of threshold criteria for binary classification in terms of predicted prevalence and kappa. Ecological Modelling, 217, 48-58.
    • (2008) Ecological Modelling , vol.217 , pp. 48-58
    • Freeman, E.A.1    Moisen, G.G.2
  • 22
    • 65649139107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographic range limits: achieving synthesis
    • Gaston, K.J. (2009) Geographic range limits: achieving synthesis. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 276, 1395-1406.
    • (2009) Proceedings of the Royal Society B , vol.276 , pp. 1395-1406
    • Gaston, K.J.1
  • 23
    • 80052741573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time, space and ecology: why some clades have more species than others
    • Gehrke, B. & Linder, H.P. (2011) Time, space and ecology: why some clades have more species than others. Journal of Biogeography, 38, 1948-1962.
    • (2011) Journal of Biogeography , vol.38 , pp. 1948-1962
    • Gehrke, B.1    Linder, H.P.2
  • 26
    • 79959331575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global angiosperm family richness revisited: linking ecology and evolution to climate
    • Hawkins, B.A., Rodríguez, M.Á. & Weller, S.G. (2011) Global angiosperm family richness revisited: linking ecology and evolution to climate. Journal of Biogeography, 38, 1253-1266.
    • (2011) Journal of Biogeography , vol.38 , pp. 1253-1266
    • Hawkins, B.A.1    Rodríguez, M.A.2    Weller, S.G.3
  • 28
  • 29
    • 33745227519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of large herbivores on plant community structure and dynamics
    • (eds K. Danell, P. Duncan, R. Bergström & J. Pastor) -. Cambridge University Press, West Nyack, NY, USA.
    • Hester, A.J., Bergman, M., Iason, G.R. & Moen, J. (2002) Impacts of large herbivores on plant community structure and dynamics. Large Herbivore Ecology and Ecosystem and Conservation (eds K. Danell, P. Duncan, R. Bergström & J. Pastor ), pp. 97-141. Cambridge University Press, West Nyack, NY, USA.
    • (2002) Large Herbivore Ecology and Ecosystem and Conservation , pp. 97-141
    • Hester, A.J.1    Bergman, M.2    Iason, G.R.3    Moen, J.4
  • 31
    • 0030304876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herbivory, plant regeneration, and species coexistence
    • Hulme, P.E. (1996) Herbivory, plant regeneration, and species coexistence. Journal of Ecology, 84, 609-615.
    • (1996) Journal of Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 609-615
    • Hulme, P.E.1
  • 32
    • 0002534260 scopus 로고
    • Southern African savannas
    • eds B.J. Huntley & B.H. Walker) -. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    • Huntley, B.J. (1982) Southern African savannas. Ecology of Tropical Savannas (eds B.J. Huntley & B.H. Walker ), pp. 101-119. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
    • (1982) Ecology of Tropical Savannas , pp. 101-119
    • Huntley, B.J.1
  • 33
    • 84865286660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IUCN IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.1.
    • IUCN (2009) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2009.1.
    • (2009)
  • 34
    • 0027333477 scopus 로고
    • Tertiary mammal evolution in the context of changing climates, vegetation, and tectonic events
    • Janis, C.M. (1993) Tertiary mammal evolution in the context of changing climates, vegetation, and tectonic events. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 24, 467-500.
    • (1993) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , vol.24 , pp. 467-500
    • Janis, C.M.1
  • 35
    • 0037460855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global patterns in endemism explained by past climatic change
    • Jansson, R. (2003) Global patterns in endemism explained by past climatic change. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 270, 583-590.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B , vol.270 , pp. 583-590
    • Jansson, R.1
  • 36
    • 58149236852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global associations between terrestrial producer and vertebrate consumer diversity
    • Jetz, W., Kreft, H., Ceballos, G. & Mutke, J. (2009) Global associations between terrestrial producer and vertebrate consumer diversity. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 276, 269-278.
    • (2009) Proceedings of the Royal Society B , vol.276 , pp. 269-278
    • Jetz, W.1    Kreft, H.2    Ceballos, G.3    Mutke, J.4
  • 37
    • 36749077029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial autocorrelation and the selection of simultaneous autoregressive models
    • Kissling, W.D. & Carl, G. (2008) Spatial autocorrelation and the selection of simultaneous autoregressive models. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 17, 59-71.
    • (2008) Global Ecology and Biogeography , vol.17 , pp. 59-71
    • Kissling, W.D.1    Carl, G.2
  • 39
    • 33947701669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floristics of the angiosperm flora of sub-Saharan Africa: an analysis of the African Plant Checklist and Database
    • Klopper, R.R., Gautier, L., Chatelain, C., Smith, G.F. & Spichiger, R. (2007) Floristics of the angiosperm flora of sub-Saharan Africa: an analysis of the African Plant Checklist and Database. Taxon, 56, 201-208.
    • (2007) Taxon , vol.56 , pp. 201-208
    • Klopper, R.R.1    Gautier, L.2    Chatelain, C.3    Smith, G.F.4    Spichiger, R.5
  • 41
    • 20444488428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selecting thresholds of occurrence in the prediction of species distributions
    • Liu, C., Berry, P.M., Dawson, T.P. & Pearson, R.G. (2005) Selecting thresholds of occurrence in the prediction of species distributions. Ecography, 28, 385-393.
    • (2005) Ecography , vol.28 , pp. 385-393
    • Liu, C.1    Berry, P.M.2    Dawson, T.P.3    Pearson, R.G.4
  • 43
    • 0034895963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and environmental determinants of vascular plant species richness distribution in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands
    • Lobo, J.M., Castro, I. & Moreno, J.C. (2001) Spatial and environmental determinants of vascular plant species richness distribution in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 73, 233-253.
    • (2001) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , vol.73 , pp. 233-253
    • Lobo, J.M.1    Castro, I.2    Moreno, J.C.3
  • 44
    • 49749125808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The oldest rainforests in Africa: stability or resilience for survival and diversity?
    • (eds A. Purvis, J.L. Gittleman & T. Brooks) -. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Lovett, J.C., Marchant, R., Taplin, J. & Küper, W. (2005) The oldest rainforests in Africa: stability or resilience for survival and diversity? Phylogeny and Conservation (eds A. Purvis, J.L. Gittleman & T. Brooks ), pp. 198-229. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (2005) Phylogeny and Conservation , pp. 198-229
    • Lovett, J.C.1    Marchant, R.2    Taplin, J.3    Küper, W.4
  • 45
    • 79961033423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptic herbivores mediate the strength and form of ungulate impacts on a long-lived savanna tree
    • Maclean, J.E., Goheen, J.R., Doak, D.F., Palmer, T.M. & Young, T.P. (2011) Cryptic herbivores mediate the strength and form of ungulate impacts on a long-lived savanna tree. Ecology, 92, 1626-1636.
    • (2011) Ecology , vol.92 , pp. 1626-1636
    • Maclean, J.E.1    Goheen, J.R.2    Doak, D.F.3    Palmer, T.M.4    Young, T.P.5
  • 46
    • 77954862522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding complexity in savannas: climate, biodiversity and people
    • Marchant, R. (2010) Understanding complexity in savannas: climate, biodiversity and people. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2, 101-108.
    • (2010) Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability , vol.2 , pp. 101-108
    • Marchant, R.1
  • 48
    • 0012396007 scopus 로고
    • Africa and Pleistocene overkill
    • Martin, P.S. (1966) Africa and Pleistocene overkill. Nature, 212, 339-342.
    • (1966) Nature , vol.212 , pp. 339-342
    • Martin, P.S.1
  • 49
    • 0037465935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the generic status of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae)
    • Maslin, B.R., Miller, J.T. & Seigler, D.S. (2003) Overview of the generic status of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). Australian Systematic Botany, 16, 1-18.
    • (2003) Australian Systematic Botany , vol.16 , pp. 1-18
    • Maslin, B.R.1    Miller, J.T.2    Seigler, D.S.3
  • 50
    • 77951868309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matters of scale
    • McGill, B.J. (2010) Matters of scale. Science, 328, 575-576.
    • (2010) Science , vol.328 , pp. 575-576
    • Mcgill, B.J.1
  • 51
    • 0001728838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When history matters: scale, time, climate and tree diversity
    • McGlone, M.S. (1996) When history matters: scale, time, climate and tree diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters, 5, 309-314.
    • (1996) Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters , vol.5 , pp. 309-314
    • Mcglone, M.S.1
  • 52
    • 0030434648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking local species interactions to rates of speciation in communities
    • McPeek, M.A. (1996) Linking local species interactions to rates of speciation in communities. Ecology, 77, 1355-1366.
    • (1996) Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 1355-1366
    • Mcpeek, M.A.1
  • 53
    • 33751276993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between large African browsers and thorny Acacia on a wildlife ranch in Kenya
    • Milewski, A.V. & Madden, D. (2006) Interactions between large African browsers and thorny Acacia on a wildlife ranch in Kenya. African Journal of Ecology, 44, 515-522.
    • (2006) African Journal of Ecology , vol.44 , pp. 515-522
    • Milewski, A.V.1    Madden, D.2
  • 55
    • 0034036216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatic gradients in woody plant (tree and shrub) diversity: water-energy dynamics, residual variation, and topography
    • O'Brien, E.M., Field, R. & Whittaker, R.J. (2000) Climatic gradients in woody plant (tree and shrub) diversity: water-energy dynamics, residual variation, and topography. Oikos, 89, 588-600.
    • (2000) Oikos , vol.89 , pp. 588-600
    • O'Brien, E.M.1    Field, R.2    Whittaker, R.J.3
  • 56
    • 0024913508 scopus 로고
    • Megafaunal extinctions: the conservation message from 11,000years B.P
    • Owen-Smith, N. (1989) Megafaunal extinctions: the conservation message from 11, 000years B.P. Conservation Biology, 3, 405-412.
    • (1989) Conservation Biology , vol.3 , pp. 405-412
    • Owen-Smith, N.1
  • 57
    • 38149085960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breakdown of an ant-plant mutualism follows the loss of large herbivores from an African savanna
    • Palmer, T.M., Stanton, M.L., Young, T.P., Goheen, J.R., Pringle, R.M. & Karban, R. (2008) Breakdown of an ant-plant mutualism follows the loss of large herbivores from an African savanna. Science, 319, 192-195.
    • (2008) Science , vol.319 , pp. 192-195
    • Palmer, T.M.1    Stanton, M.L.2    Young, T.P.3    Goheen, J.R.4    Pringle, R.M.5    Karban, R.6
  • 58
    • 27944446350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions
    • Phillips, S.J., Anderson, R.P. & Schapire, R.E. (2006) Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecological Modelling, 190, 231-259.
    • (2006) Ecological Modelling , vol.190 , pp. 231-259
    • Phillips, S.J.1    Anderson, R.P.2    Schapire, R.E.3
  • 60
    • 69249173099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of woody plant species richness on mammal species richness in southern Africa
    • Qian, H., Kissling, W.D., Wang, X. & Andrews, P. (2009) Effects of woody plant species richness on mammal species richness in southern Africa. Journal of Biogeography, 36, 1685-1697.
    • (2009) Journal of Biogeography , vol.36 , pp. 1685-1697
    • Qian, H.1    Kissling, W.D.2    Wang, X.3    Andrews, P.4
  • 63
    • 77953931276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAM: a comprehensive application for Spatial Analysis in Macroecology
    • Rangel, T.F., Diniz-Filho, J.A.F. & Bini, L.M. (2010) SAM: a comprehensive application for Spatial Analysis in Macroecology. Ecography, 33, 46-50.
    • (2010) Ecography , vol.33 , pp. 46-50
    • Rangel, T.F.1    Diniz-Filho, J.A.F.2    Bini, L.M.3
  • 66
    • 78751519836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical stability of diversity patterns in African estrildid finches (Aves: Estrildidae)?
    • Schidelko, K., Stiels, D. & Rödder, D. (2011) Historical stability of diversity patterns in African estrildid finches (Aves: Estrildidae)? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 102, 455-470.
    • (2011) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , vol.102 , pp. 455-470
    • Schidelko, K.1    Stiels, D.2    Rödder, D.3
  • 67
    • 77956069051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simple means to improve the interpretability of regression coefficients
    • Schielzeth, H. (2010) Simple means to improve the interpretability of regression coefficients. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 1, 103-113.
    • (2010) Methods in Ecology and Evolution , vol.1 , pp. 103-113
    • Schielzeth, H.1
  • 68
    • 0001221138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Savanna
    • eds R.M. Cowling, D.M. Richardson & S.M. Pierce) -. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Scholes, R.J. (1997) Savanna. Vegetation of Southern Africa (eds R.M. Cowling, D.M. Richardson & S.M. Pierce ), pp. 258-277. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1997) Vegetation of Southern Africa , pp. 258-277
    • Scholes, R.J.1
  • 70
    • 84995267361 scopus 로고
    • A review of ivory exploitation and elephant population trends in Africa
    • Spinage, C.A. (1973) A review of ivory exploitation and elephant population trends in Africa. African Journal of Ecology, 11, 281-289.
    • (1973) African Journal of Ecology , vol.11 , pp. 281-289
    • Spinage, C.A.1
  • 73
    • 84865286661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information SRTM 1km Digital Elevation Data.
    • The CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information (2008) SRTM 1km Digital Elevation Data.
    • (2008)
  • 74
    • 33750329049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting patterns of plant species richness in megadiverse South Africa
    • Thuiller, W., Midgley, G.F., Rouget, M. & Cowling, R.M. (2006) Predicting patterns of plant species richness in megadiverse South Africa. Ecography, 29, 733-744.
    • (2006) Ecography , vol.29 , pp. 733-744
    • Thuiller, W.1    Midgley, G.F.2    Rouget, M.3    Cowling, R.M.4
  • 75
    • 0004762435 scopus 로고
    • The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • Thulin, M. (1993) Flora of Somalia. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
    • (1993) Flora of Somalia
    • Thulin, M.1
  • 77
    • 3042576691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of determinants of mammalian species richness in South America using spatial autoregressive models
    • Tognelli, M.F. & Kelt, D.A. (2004) Analysis of determinants of mammalian species richness in South America using spatial autoregressive models. Ecography, 27, 427-436.
    • (2004) Ecography , vol.27 , pp. 427-436
    • Tognelli, M.F.1    Kelt, D.A.2
  • 78
    • 0033377570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional significance of ungulate diversity in African savannas and the ecological implications of the spread of pastoralism
    • Du Toit, J.T. & Cumming, D.H.M. (1999) Functional significance of ungulate diversity in African savannas and the ecological implications of the spread of pastoralism. Biodiversity and Conservation, 8, 1643-1661.
    • (1999) Biodiversity and Conservation , vol.8 , pp. 1643-1661
    • Du Toit, J.T.1    Cumming, D.H.M.2
  • 79
    • 0037428068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dispersal, environment, and floristic variation of western Amazonian forests
    • Tuomisto, H., Ruokolainen, K. & Yli-Halla, M. (2003) Dispersal, environment, and floristic variation of western Amazonian forests. Science, 299, 241-244.
    • (2003) Science , vol.299 , pp. 241-244
    • Tuomisto, H.1    Ruokolainen, K.2    Yli-Halla, M.3
  • 81
    • 0034953525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scale and species richness: towards a general, hierarchical theory of species diversity
    • Whittaker, R.J., Willis, K.J. & Field, R. (2001) Scale and species richness: towards a general, hierarchical theory of species diversity. Journal of Biogeography, 28, 453-470.
    • (2001) Journal of Biogeography , vol.28 , pp. 453-470
    • Whittaker, R.J.1    Willis, K.J.2    Field, R.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.