Metabolic syndrome and all-cause mortality in older men and women

European Journal of Clinical Investigation

Volumn 42, Issue 9, 2012, Pages 1000-1009

  Forti, Paola ^a   Pirazzoli, Gian L ^a   Maltoni, Benedetta ^a   Bianchi, Giampaolo ^a   Magalotti, Donatella ^a   Muscari, Antonio ^a   Mariani, Erminia ^a   Ravaglia, Giovanni ^a   Zoli, Marco ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

Author keywords

All cause mortality; Gender; Longitudinal study; Metabolic syndrome; Older age; Risk factor

Indexed keywords

LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL;

ABDOMINAL OBESITY; AGED; ARTICLE; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; ITALY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; MORTALITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEX DIFFERENCE;

AGE FACTORS; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; ITALY; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; RISK FACTORS; SEX FACTORS; STATISTICS AS TOPIC;

EID: 84865184421     PISSN: 00142972     EISSN: 13652362     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.2012.02688.x     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Grundy SM. Metabolic syndrome pandemic. Artherioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008;28:629-36.
2. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation 2002; 106:3143-421
3. Grundy SM, Brewer HB Jr, Cleeman JI, Smith SC Jr, Lenfant C. Definition of metabolic syndrome: report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/American Heart Association conference on scientific issues related to definition. Circulation 2004;109:433-8.
4. Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. Metabolic syndrome - a new world-wide definition. A Consensus Statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabet Med 2006;23:469-80.
5. Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation 2009;120:1640-5.
6. Khan R, Buse J, Ferrannini E, Stern M. The metabolic syndrome: time for a critical appraisal. Diabetes Care 2005;28:2289-304.
7. Tenenbaum AT, Fisman EZ "The metabolic syndrome... is dead": these reports are an exaggeration. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2011; 10:11.
8. Hu G, Qiao Q, Tuomilehto J, Balkau B, Borch-Johnsen K, Pyorala K. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in nondiabetic European men and women. Arch Intern Med 2004;164:1066-76.
9. Qiao Q. Comparison of different definitions of the metabolic syndrome in relation to cardiovascular mortality in European men and women. Diabetologia 2006;49:2837-46.
10. Arden CI, Janssen I. Metabolic syndrome and its association with morbidity and mortality. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2007;32:33-45.
11. Thomas F, Pannier B, Benetos A, Vischer UM. The impact of the metabolic syndrome - but not of hypertension - on all-cause mortality disappears in the elderly. J Hypertens 2011;29:663-8.
12. Ravaglia G, Forti P, Maioli F, Bastagli L, Chiappelli M, Montesi F et al. Metabolic syndrome. Prevalence and prediction of mortality in elderly individuals. Diabetes Care 2006;29:2471-6.
13. Simons LA, Simons J, Friedlander Y, McCallum J. Does a diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome provide additional prediction of cardiovascular disease and total mortality in the elderly? The Dubbo Study. Med J Aust 2007;186:400-3.
14. Mozaffarian D, Kamineni A, Prineas RJ, Siscovick DS. Metabolic syndrome and mortality in older adults: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Arch Intern Med 2008;168:969-78.
15. Zambon S, Zanoni S, Romanato G, Corti MC, Noale M, Sartori L et al. Metabolic syndrome and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in an Italian elderly population: the Progetto Veneto Anziani (Pro.V.A.) Study. Diabetes Care 2009;32:153-9.
16. Lin JW, Caffrey JL, Chang MH, Lin YS. Sex, menopause, metabolic syndrome, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality - cohort analysis from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:4258-67.
17. Akbaraly TN, Kivimaki M, Ancelin ML, Barberger-Gateau P, Mura T, Tzourio C et al. Metabolic syndrome, its components, and mortality in the elderly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:E327-32.
18. Wang J, Ruotsalainen S, Moilanen L, Lepistö P, Laakso M, Kuusisto J. The metabolic syndrome predicts cardiovascular mortality: a 13-year follow-up study in elderly non-diabetic Finns. Eur Heart J 2007;28:857-64.
19. Salminen M, Kuoppamäki M, Vahlberg T, Räihä I, Irjala K, Kivelä SL. The metabolic syndrome defined by modified International Diabetes Federation criteria and mortality: a 9-year follow-up of the aged in Finland. Diabetes Metab 2010;36:437-42.
20. Kuk JL, Ardern CI. Age and sex differences in the clustering of metabolic syndrome factors: association with mortality risk. Diabetes Care 2010;33:2457-61.
21. Lechleitner M. Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in the elderly. A mini-review. Gerontology 2008;54:253-9.
22. Simera I, Moher D, Hoey J, Schulz KF, Altman DG. A catalogue of reporting guidelines for health research. Eur J Clin Invest 2010;40:35-53.
23. von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP et al. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Ann Intern Med 2007;147:573-7.
24. Muscari A, Antonelli S, Bianchi G, Cavrini G, Dapporto S, Ligabue A et al. Serum C3 is a stronger inflammatory marker of insulin resistance than C-reactive protein, leukocyte count, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate: comparison study in an elderly population. Diabetes Care 2007;30:2362-8.
25. Nelson ME, Rejeski WJ, Blair SN, Duncan PW, Judge JO, King AC et al. Physical activity and public health in older adults: recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007;39:1435-45.
26. Hamwi A, Vukovich T, Wagner O, Rumpold H, Spies R, Stich M et al. Evaluation of turbidimetric high-sensitivity C-reactive protein assays for cardiovascular risk estimation. Clin Chem 2001;47:2044-6.
27. Scirica BM, Morrow DA. Is C-reactive protein an innocent bystander or proatherogenic culprit? The verdict is still out. Circulation 2006;113:2128-34.
28. Geer EB, Shen W. Gender differences in insulin resistance, body composition, and energy balance. Gend Med 2009;6:60-75.
29. Regitz-Zagrosek V, Lehmkuhl E, Weickert MO. Gender differences in the metabolic syndrome and their role for cardiovascular disease. Clin Res Cardiol 2006;95:136-47.
30. Welin L, Eriksson H, Larsson B, Ohlson LO, Svärdsudd K, Tibblin G et al. Triglycerides, a major coronary risk factor in elderly men. A study of men born in 1913. Eur Heart J 1991;12:700-4.
31. Mcclearn GE. The reliability and stability of biomarkers of aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1992;673:1-8.
32. Newson RS, Felix JF, Heeringa J, Hofman A, Witteman JCM, Tiemeier H. Association between serum cholesterol and noncardiovascular mortality in older age. J Am Geriatr Soc 2011;59:1779-85.
33. Villareal DT, Apovian CM, Kushner RF, Klein S. Obesity in older adults: technical review and position statement of the American Society for Nutrition and NAASO, The Obesity Society. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;82:923-34.
34. Tilvis RS, Valvanne JN, Strandberg TE, Miettinen TA. Prognostic significance of serum cholesterol, lathosterol, and sitosterol in old age; a 17-year population study. Ann Med 2011;43:292-301.
35. Thomas GN, Phillips AC, Carroll D, Gale CR, Batty GD. The metabolic syndrome adds utility to the prediction of mortality over its components: The Vietnam Experience Study. Atherosclerosis 2010;210:256-61.
36. Ho JS, Cannaday JJ, Barlow CE, Mitchell TL, Cooper KH, FitzGerald SJ. Relation of the number of metabolic syndrome risk factors with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Am J Cardiol 2008;102:689-92.
37. Chan CK, Feinstein AR, Jekel JF, Wells CK. The value and hazards of standardization in clinical epidemiologic research. J Clin Epidemiol 1988;41:1125-34.