The interpretation of perioperative lactate abnormalities in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care

Volumn 40, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 598-603

  O'Conor, E ^a,b   Fraser, J F ^a,c  

^a THE PRINCE CHARLES HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b ST JAMES S HOSPITAL   (Ireland)

^c Critical Care Research Group   (Australia)

Author keywords

Cardiac surgery; Hyperlactataemia; Lactic acidosis; Microdialysis

Indexed keywords

CREATININE; LACTIC ACID; NITROPRUSSIDE SODIUM; OXYGEN; PROPOFOL; RINGER LACTATE SOLUTION;

ANEMIA; BLOOD TRANSFUSION; CARDIOGENIC SHOCK; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; CREATININE BLOOD LEVEL; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; ENDOCARDITIS; HEART MUSCLE; HEART OUTPUT; HEART SURGERY; HEMODILUTION; HEMOLYSIS; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPERLACTATEMIA; HYPOXIA; KIDNEY FAILURE; LACTATE BLOOD LEVEL; LACTIC ACIDOSIS; LIVER FAILURE; MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA; MICRODIALYSIS; OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION; PANCREATITIS; PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD; REVIEW;

EID: 84865098996     PISSN: 0310057X     EISSN: 14480271     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0310057x1204000404     Document Type: Review

References (53)

1. Gladden LB. Lactate metabolism: a new paradigm for the third millennium. J Physiol 2004; 558:5-30.
2. Wasserman K. The anaerobic threshold measurement to evaluate exercise performance. Am Rev Respir Dis 1984; 129:S35-S40.
3. Nichol AD, Egi M, Pettila V, Bellomo R, French C, Hart G et al. Relative hyperlactatemia and hospital mortality in critically ill patients: a retrospective multi-centre study. Crit Care 2010; 14:R25.
4. Raper RF, Cameron G, Walker D, Bowey CJ. Type B lactic acidosis following cardiopulmonary bypass. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:46-51.
5. Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, Dellinger RP, Fein AM, Knaus WA et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. The ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference Committee. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine. Chest 1992; 101:1644-1655.
6. Morgan TJ, Hall JA. Hyperlactaemia without acidosis - an investigation using an in vitro model. Crit Care Resusc 1999; 1:354-359.
7. Levy B. Lactate and shock state: the metabolic view. Curr Opin Crit Care 2006; 12:315-321.
8. Cohen RD, Woods HF. Lactic acidosis revisited. Diabetes 1983; 32:181-191.
9. Brooks GA. Mammalian fuel utilization during sustained exercise. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 1998; 120:89-107.
10. Bolhaar MG, Karstaedt AS. A high incidence of lactic acidosis and symptomatic hyperlactatemia in women receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy in Soweto, South Africa. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 45:254-260.
11. Kruse JA. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis. J Emerg Med 2001; 20:267-272.
12. Moffett BS, Price JF. Evaluation of sodium nitroprusside toxicity in pediatric cardiac surgical patients. Ann Pharmacother 2008; 42:1600-1604.
13. Bartels PD, Lund-Jacobsen H. Blood lactate and ketone body concentrations in salicylate intoxication. Hum Toxicol 1986; 5:363-366.
14. Rabbat A, Laaban JP, Boussairi A, Rochemaure J. Hyperlactatemia during acute severe asthma. Intensive Care Med 1998; 24:304-312.
15. Di Giantomasso D, Bellomo R, May CN. The haemodynamic and metabolic effects of epinephrine in experimental hyperdynamic septic shock. Intensive Care Med 2005; 31:454-462.
16. Totaro RJ, Raper RF. Epinephrine-induced lactic acidosis following cardiopulmonary bypass. Crit Care Med 1997; 25:1693-1699.
17. Sillos EM, Shenep JL, Burghen GA, Pui CH, Behm FG, Sandlund JT. Lactic acidosis: a metabolic complication of hematologic malignancies: case report and review of the literature. Cancer 2001; 92:2237-2246.
18. Campbell CH. The severe lacticacidosis of thiamine deficiency: acute pernicious or fulminating beriberi. Lancet 1984; 2:446-449.
19. Maillet JM, Le Besnerais P, Cantoni M, Nataf P, Ruffenach A, Lessana A et al. Frequency, risk factors, and outcome of hyperlactatemia after cardiac surgery. Chest 2003; 123:1361-1366.
20. Toraman F, Evrenkaya S, Yuce M, Aksoy N, Karabulut H, Bozkulak Y et al. Lactic acidosis after cardiac surgery is associated with adverse outcome. Heart Surg Forum 2004; 7:E155-E159.
21. Inoue S, Kuro M, Furuya H. What factors are associated with hyperlactatemia after cardiac surgery characterized by well-maintained oxygen delivery and a normal postoperative course? A retrospective study. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2001; 18:576-584.
22. Roth-Isigkeit A, Dibbelt L, Eichler W, Schumacher J, Schmucker P. Blood levels of atrial natriuretic peptide, endothelin, cortisol and ACTH in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. J Endocrinol Invest 2001; 24:777-785.
23. Dixon B, Santamaria JD, Campbell DJ. Plasminogen activator inhibitor activity is associated with raised lactate levels after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Crit Care Med 2003; 31:1053-1059.
24. Zabala MS, Leombruni E, Di Stefano S. The effects of colloidal and crystalloidal fluids on acidosis and lactacidemia in cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Ital Chir 1993; 64:387-391.
25. Krasemann T. Infant blood transfusions. Chest 2004; 125:799; author reply 79.
26. Ryan T, Balding J, McGovern EM, Hinchion J, Livingstone W, Chughtai Z et al. Lactic acidosis after cardiac surgery is associated with polymorphisms in tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 10 genes. Ann Thorac Surg 2002; 73:1905-1909; discussion 1.
27. Abraham BP, Prodhan P, Jaquiss RDB, Bhutta AT, Gossett JM, Imamura M et al. Cardiopulmonary bypass flow rate: a risk factor for hyperlactatemia after surgical repair of secundum atrial septal defect in children. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010; 139:170-173.
28. Shinde SB, Golam KK, Kumar P, Patil ND. Blood lactate levels during cardiopulmonary bypass for valvular heart surgery. Ann Card Anaesth 2005; 8:39-44.
29. Pojar M, Mand'ak J, Cibicek N, Lonsky V, Dominik J, Palicka V et al. Peripheral tissue metabolism during off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery: the microdialysis study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2008; 33:899-905.
30. Bahlmann L, Misfeld M, Klaus S, Leptien A, Heringlake M, Schmucker P et al. Myocardial redox state during coronary artery bypass grafting assessed with microdialysis. Intensive Care Med 2004; 30:889-894.
31. Poling J, Rees W, Klaus S, Bahlmann L, Hubner N, Mantovani V et al. Myocardial metabolic monitoring with the microdialysis technique during and after open heart surgery. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2007; 51:341-346.
32. Demers P, Elkouri S, Martineau R, Couturier A, Cartier R. Outcome with high blood lactate levels during cardiopulmonary bypass in adult cardiac operation. Ann Thorac Surg 2000; 70:2082-2086.
33. Ranucci M, Ballotta A, Castelvecchio S, Baryshnikova E, Brozzi S, Boncilli A. Intensive care unit admission parameters improve the accuracy of operative mortality predictive models in cardiac surgery. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13551.
34. Davies AR, Bellomo R, Raman JS, Gutteridge GA, Buxton BF. High lactate predicts the failure of intraaortic balloon pumping after cardiac surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 71:1415-1420.
35. Ranucci M, De Toffol B, Isgro G, Romitti F, Conti D, Vicentini M. Hyperlactatemia during cardiopulmonary bypass: determinants and impact on postoperative outcome. Crit Care 2006; 10:R167.
36. Boeken U, Feindt P, Litmathe J, Kurt M, Gams E. Intraaortic balloon pumping in patients with right ventricular insufficiency after cardiac surgery: parameters to predict failure of IABP Support. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009; 57:324-328.
37. Rao V, Ivanov J, Weisel RD, Cohen G, Borger MA, Mickle DA. Lactate release during reperfusion predicts low cardiac output syndrome after coronary bypass surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2001; 71:1925-1930.
38. Seear MD, Scarfe JC, LeBlanc JG. Predicting major adverse events after cardiac surgery in children. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2008; 9:606-611.
39. Hatherill M, Salie S, Waggie Z, Lawrenson J, Hewitson J, Reynolds L et al. The lactate:pyruvate ratio following open cardiac surgery in children. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33:822-829.
40. Kalyanaraman M, DeCampli WM, Campbell AI, Bhalala U, Harmon TG, Sandiford P et al. Serial blood lactate levels as a predictor of mortality in children after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2008; 9:285-288.
41. Perz S, Uhlig T, Kohl M, Bredle DL, Reinhart K, Bauer M et al. Low and "supranormal" central venous oxygen saturation and markers of tissue hypoxia in cardiac surgery patients: a prospective observational study. Intensive Care Med 2011; 37:52-59.
42. Hosein RBM, Morris KP, Brawn WJ, Barron DJ. Use of tissue microdialysis to investigate hyperlactataemia following paediatric cardiac surgery. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2008; 7:384-388; discussion 38.
43. Jackman L, Shetty N, Davies P, Morris KP. Late-onset hyperlactataemia following paediatric cardiac surgery. Intensive Care Med 2009; 35:537-545.
44. O'Connor ED, Fraser JF. Hyperlactatemia in critical illness and cardiac surgery. Crit Care 2010; 14:421.
45. Heringlake M, Bahlmann L, Misfeld M, Poeling J, Leptien A, Kraatz E et al. High myocardial lactate concentration is associated with poor myocardial function prior to cardiopulmonary bypass. Minerva Anestesiol 2005; 71:775-783.
46. Riddington DW, Venkatesh B, Boivin CM, Bonser RS, Elliott TS, Marshall T et al. Intestinal permeability, gastric intramucosal pH, and systemic endotoxemia in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. JAMA 1996; 275:1007-1012.
47. Andersen LW, Landow L, Baek L, Jansen E, Baker S. Association between gastric intramucosal pH and splanchnic endotoxin, antibody to endotoxin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Crit Care Med 1993; 21:210-217.
48. Landow L. Splanchnic lactate production in cardiac surgery patients. Crit Care Med 1993; 21:S84-S91.
49. Braun JP, Schroeder T, Buehner S, Dohmen P, Moshirzadeh M, Grosse J et al. Splanchnic oxygen transport, hepatic function and gastrointestinal barrier after normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2004; 48:697-703.
50. Solligard E, Wahba A, Skogvoll E, Stenseth R, Gronbech JE, Aadahl P. Rectal lactate levels in endoluminal microdialysate during routine coronary surgery. Anaesthesia 2007; 62:250-258.
51. Perner A, Jorgensen VL, Poulsen TD, Steinbruchel D, Larsen B, Andersen LW. Increased concentrations of L-lactate in the rectal lumen in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. Br J Anaesth 2005; 95:764-768.
52. Bendjelid K, Treggiari MM, Romand JA. Transpulmonary lactate gradient after hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Intensive Care Med 2004; 30:817-821.
53. Gasparovic H, Plestina S, Sutlic Z, Husedzinovic I, Coric V, Ivancan V et al. Pulmonary lactate release following cardiopulmonary bypass. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2007; 32:882-887.