Persistence and change in regional security institutions: Does the OAS still have a project?

Contemporary Security Policy

Volumn 33, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 360-383

  Weiffen, Brigitte ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 84864949482     PISSN: 13523260     EISSN: 17438764     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13523260.2012.693801     Document Type: Article

References (121)

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46. Karns and Mings, International Organizations (note 17), chapter 8.
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52. These periods have been discerned before for the evolution of the OAS and inter-American relations.
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54. Peter H. Smith, Talons of the Eagle. Latin America, the United States, and the World, 3rd edition (New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008).
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56. Oelsner, 'Consensus andGovernance inMercosur' (note 8).
57. OAS, Charter of the Organization of American States, signed in Bogotá in 1948, available at http://www.oas.org/juridico/English/charter.html.
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60. Smith, Talons of the Eagle (note 28), p. 5.
61. Carolyn M. Shaw, 'The United States: Rhetoric and Reality', in Thomas Legler, Sharon F. Lean, and Dexter S. Boniface (eds), Promoting Democracy in the Americas (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007), pp. 63-84.
62. Smith, Talons of the Eagle (note 28), chapter 5.
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64. The underlying assumption is that the acceptance of externally induced norms may enhance the credibility of leaders' commitment to democratic reforms and protects them against actors who would benefit from rolling back liberalization.
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68. Brigitte Weiffen, Matthias Dembinski, Andreas Hasenclever, Katja Freistein, and Makiko Yamauchi, 'Democracy, Regional Security Institutions, and Rivalry Mitigation: Evidence from Europe, South America, and Asia', Security Studies, Vol. 20, No. 3 (2011), pp. 378-415.
69. Russell C. Crandall, The United States and Latin America after the Cold War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008), chapter 3.
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72. Rut Diamint, 'Security Challenges in Latin America', Bulletin of Latin American Research, Vol. 23, No. 1 (2004), pp. 43-62.
73. Osvaldo Kreimer, 'Conflict Prevention in the Americas: The Organization of American States (OAS)', in David Carment and Albrecht Schnabel (eds), Conflict Prevention: Path to Peace or Grand Illusion? (Tokyo: United Nations University Press, 2003), pp. 254-278.
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76. Yadira A. Soto, 'The Role of the Organization of American States in Conflict Prevention', in Albrecht Schnabel and David Carment (eds), Conflict Prevention from Rhetoric to Reality. Volume 1: Organizations and Institutions (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2004), pp. 223-261.
77. Domingo E. Acevedo and Claudio Grossman, 'The Organization of American States and the Protection of Democracy', in Tom Farer (ed.), Beyond Sovereignty. Collectively Defending Democracy in the Americas (Baltimore, MD/London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996), pp. 132-149.
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81. Carlos Escudé and Andrés Fontana, 'Argentina's Security Policies. Their Rationale and Regional Context', in Jorge I. Domínguez (ed.), International Security and Democracy. Latin America and the Caribbean in the Post-Cold War Era (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1998), pp. 59-60.
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84. An exemplary list of recent OAS electoral observation missions is provided.
85. Chanona, 'Regional Security Governance in the Americas' (note 2), pp. 124-127.
86. Fontana, 'Las relaciones de seguridad interamericanas' (note 43), pp. 173-175.
87. Andrew Hurrell, 'Explaining the Resurgence of Regionalism in World Politics', Review of International Studies, Vol. 21, No. 4 (1995), pp. 331-358.
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90. Shaw, Cooperation, Conflict, and Consensus (note 28), chapter 7.
91. Luis Bitencourt, 'Security Issues and Challenges to Regional Security Cooperation: A Brazilian Perspective', in Pedro Villagra Delgado, Luis Bitencourt, and Henry Medina Uribe (eds), Shaping the Regional Security Environment in Latin America. Perspectives from Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia (Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College, 2003) pp. 13-33.
92. Mónica Hirst, 'Seguridad regional en las Américas', in Grabendorff, La Seguridad Regional en las Américas (note 43), p. 57.
93. Crandall, The United States and Latin America (note 36), chapters 5 and 6.
94. Smith, Talons of the Eagle (note 28), chapter 7.
95. Peter Hakim, 'Is Washington Losing Latin America?', Foreign Affairs, Vol. 85, No. 1 (2006), pp. 39-53.
96. See paragraph 2 of OAS, Declaration on Security in the Americas, adopted at the Special Conference on Security in Mexico City in 2003, available at http://www.oas.org/documents/eng/DeclaracionSecurity_102803.asp.
97. Joseph S. Tulchin, 'Creando una comunidad de seguridad en el hemisferio', in Joseph S. Tulchin, Raúl Benítez Manaut, and Rut Diamint (eds), El Rompecabezas. Conformando la seguridad hemisférica en el siglo XXI (Buenos Aires: Bononiae Libris, 2005), pp. 101-104.
98. Joseph S. Tulchin, Raúl Benítez Manaut, and Rut Diamint, 'Introducción', in Tulchin, Benítez Manaut, and Diamint, El Rompecabezas (note 54), p. 19.
99. Gaston Chillier and Laurie Freeman, Potential Threat: The New OAS Concept of Hemispheric Security, WOLA Special Report (Washington, DC: Washington Office on Latin America, 2005).
100. Luis Bitencourt, 'Latin American Security: Emerging Challenges', in Richard L. Kugler and Ellen L. Frost (eds), The Global Century: Globalization and National Security (Washington, DC: National Defense University Press, 2001), pp. 895-913.
101. OAS, Inter-American Democratic Charter, adopted in Lima in 2001, available at http://www.oas.org/en/democratic-charter/pdf/demcharter_en.pdf. On the emergence of the IADC.
102. John W. Graham, 'A Magna Carta for the Americas. The Inter-American Democratic Charter: Genesis, Challenges and Canadian Connections', FOCAL Policy Paper FPP-02-09, Canadian Foundation for the Americas, Ottawa, 2002.
103. Andrew F. Cooper, 'The Making of the Inter-American Democratic Charter: A Case of Complex Multilateralism', International Studies Perspectives, Vol. 5, No. 1 (2004), pp. 92-113.
104. Thomas Legler, 'The Inter-American Democratic Charter: Rhetoric or Reality?', in Gordon Mace, Jean-Philippe Thérien, and Paul Haslam (eds), Governing the Americas. Assessing Multilateral Institutions (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 2007), pp. 113-130.
105. Sabine Kurtenbach, 'Lateinamerika und der 11. September 2001 - Rückkehr zu den Konfliktlinien des Kalten Krieges?', Nord-Süd Aktuell, No. 1 (2002), pp. 103-110.
106. Tulchin, 'Creando una comunidad de seguridad en el hemisferio' (note 54), p. 98.
107. Gregory Weeks, 'Fighting Terrorism While Promoting Democracy: Competing Priorities in U.S. Defense Policy toward Latin America', Journal of Third World Studies, Vol. 23, No. 2 (2006), pp. 59-77.
108. The work plans and calendars are available on the website of the Committee of Hemispheric Security: http://www.oas.org/csh/english/workplan.asp.
109. Several earlier missions in support of peace processes in the region are described.
110. Chanona, 'Regional Security Governance in the Americas' (note 2), pp. 120-122.
111. For a compilation of information on CSBM reporting to the CHS and the IADB.
112. Chanona, 'Regional Security Governance in the Americas' (note 2), p. 119.
113. Alexandru Grigorescu, 'Transparency of Intergovernmental Organizations: The Roles of Member States, International Bureaucracies and Nongovernmental Organizations', International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 51, No. 3 (2007), pp. 625-648.
114. Fontana, 'Las relaciones de seguridad interamericanas' (note 43), pp. 171.
115. Mario E. Carranza, 'The North-South Divide and Security in the Western Hemisphere: United States-South American Relations after September 11 and the Iraq War', International Politics, Vol. 46, Nos. 2/3 (2009), pp. 276-297.
116. R. Guy Emerson, 'Radical Neglect? The "War on Terror" and Latin America', Latin American Politics and Society, Vol. 52, No. 1 (2010), pp. 33-62.
117. Kurtenbach, 'Lateinamerika und der 11. September 2001' (note 58).
118. Tavares, Regional Security (note 2), pp. 157-159.
119. Tulchin, Benítez Manaut, and Diamint, 'Introducción' (note 55), pp. 22-23.
120. Daniel Flemes and Michael Radseck, 'Creating Multilevel Security Governance in South America', GIGA Working Paper No. 117, German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Hamburg, 2009.
121. Monica Herz, 'Institutional Mechanisms for Conflict Resolution in South America', in Crocker, Hampson, and Aall, Rewiring Regional Security (note 7), pp. 437-461.