The unequal weight of discrimination: Gender, body size, and income inequality

Social Problems

Volumn 59, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 411-435

  Mason, Katherine ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Gender; Income inequality; Overweight; Prejudicial discrimination; Statistical discrimination

Indexed keywords

EID: 84864539300     PISSN: 00377791     EISSN: 15338533     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1525/sp.2012.59.3.411     Document Type: Review

References (45)

1. Altonji, Joseph G. and Rebecca M. Blank. 1999. "Race and Gender in the Labor Market." Pp. 3143-259 in Handbook of Labor Economics, Vol. 3, edited by Orley Ashenfelter and David Card. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science B.V.
2. Averett, Susan and Sanders Korenman. 1996. "The Economic Reality of the Beauty Myth." Journal of Human Resources 31:304-30.
3. Baum, Charles andWilliamFord. 2004. "TheWage Effects of Obesity: A Longitudinal Study." Health Economics 13(9):885-99.
4. Becker, Gary S. 1975. Human Capital. 2d ed. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.
5. Berger, John. [1972] 1977. Ways of Seeing. New York: Penguin Books.
6. Biddle, Jeff E. and Daniel S. Hamermesh. 1998. "Beauty, Productivity, and Discrimination: Lawyers' Looks and Lucre." Journal of Labor Economics 16(1):172-201.
7. Boero, Natalie. 2007. "All the News that's Fat to Print: The American 'Obesity Epidemic' and the News Media." Qualitative Sociology 30(1):41-60.
8. Bordo, Susan. [1993] 2003. Unbearable Weight: Feminism, Western Culture, and the Body. Berkeley: University of California Press.
9. Bourdieu, Pierre. [1979] 1984. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Translated by Richard Nice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
10. Butler, Judith. [1990] 2006. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge.
11. Carr, Deborah andMichael A. Friedman. 2005. "Is Obesity Stigmatizing? Body Weight, Perceived Discrimination, and Psychological Well-Being in the United States." Journal of Health and Social Behavior 46(3): 244-59.
12. Cawley, John. 2004. "The Impact of Obesity on Wages." Journal of Human Resources 39:451-74.
13. Cawley, John and Sheldon Danziger. 2005. "Morbid Obesity and the Transition from Welfare to Work." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 24(4):727-43.
14. CDC. 2010. "Overweight and Obesity: Economic Consequences." Retrieved January 31, 2010 (www.cdc.gov/obesity/causes/economics.html).
15. Chang, V. W. and N. A. Christakis. 2003. "Self-Perception of Weight Appropriateness in the United States." American Journal of Preventative Medicine 24(4):332-39.
16. Conley, Dalton and Rebecca Glauber. 2007. "Gender, Body Mass, and Socioeconomic Status: New Evidence from the PSID." Advances in Health Economics and Health Services Research 17:253-75.
17. Correll, Shelley J., Stephen Benard, and In Paik. 2007. "Getting a Job: Is There a Motherhood Penalty?" American Journal of Sociology 112:1297-1338.
18. Crandall, C. S. 1995. "Do Parents Discriminate Against their Heavyweight Daughters?" Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21(7):742-35.
19. Durkheim, Emile. [1933] 1997. The Division of Labour in Society. Edited by Lewis Coser. New York: The Free Press.
20. Flegal, Katherine M., Barry I. Graubard, David F. Williamson, and Mitchell H. Gail. 2005. "Excess Deaths Associated with Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity." Journal of the American Medical Association 293(15):1861-67.
21. Gortmaker, Steven L., Aviva Must, James M. Perrin, ArthurM. Sobol, andWilliamH. Dietz. 1993. "Social and Economic Consequences of Overweight in Adolescence and Young Adulthood." New England Journal of Medicine 329(14):1008-12.
22. Hamermesh, Daniel S. and Jeff E. Biddle. 1994. "Beauty and the Labor Market." American Economic Review 84(5):1174-94.
23. Haskins, Katherine and H. Edward Ransford. 1999. "The Relationship between Weight and Career Payoffs among Women." Sociological Forum 14(2):295-318.
24. Kristen, Elizabeth. 2002. "Addressing the Problem of Weight Discrimination in Employment." California Law Review 90(1):57-109.
25. Mann, Traci, Janet Tomiyama, Erika Westling, Ann-Marie Lew, Barbra Samuels, and Jason Chatman. 2007. "Medicare's Search for Effective Obesity Treatments: Diets Are Not the Answer." American Psychologist 62(3):220-33.
26. McDowell, Margaret A., Cheryl D. Fryar, Cynthia L. Ogden, and KatherineM. Flegal. 2008. "Anthropometric Reference Data for Children and Adults: United States, 2003-2006." National Health Statistics Reports 10. Retrieved February 16, 2012 (www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr010.pdf).
27. Medoff, James L. and Katharine G. Abraham. 1981. "Are Those Paid More Really More Productive? The Case of Experience." Journal of Human Resources 16(2):186-216.
28. Mulford, Matthew, John Orbell, Catherine Shatto, and Jean Stockard. 1998. "Physical Attractiveness, Opportunity, and Success in Everyday Exchange." American Journal of Sociology 103(6):1565-92.
29. Mulvey, Laura. 1975. "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema." Screen 16(3):6-18.
30. Ortner, Sherry. 1974. "Is Female to Male as Nature Is to Culture?" Pp. 68-87 in Woman, Culture, and Society, edited by Michelle Rosaldo, Louise Lamphere, and Joan Bamberger. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
31. Pace, Gina. 2006. "Obesity Bigger Threat than Terrorism?" Associated Press,March 1. Retrieved August 9, 2010 (www.cbsnews.com/stories/ 2006/03/01/health/main1361849.shtml).
32. Perrin, Eliana M., Kori B. Flower, and Alice S. Ammerman. 2005. "Pediatricians' OwnWeight: Self-Perception, Misclassification, and Ease of Counseling." Obesity Research 13(2):326-32.
33. Puhl, Rebecca M. and Chelsea A. Heuer. 2010. "Obesity Stigma: Important Considerations for Public Health." American Journal of Public Health 100(6):1019-28.
34. Puhl, Rebecca M. and Kelly D. Brownell. 2001. "Bias, Discrimination, and Obesity." Obesity Research 9(12): 788-805.
35. Puhl, Rebecca M., Tatiana Andreyeva, and Kelly D. Brownell. 2008. "Perceptions of Weight Discrimination: Prevalence and Comparison to Race and Gender Discrimination." International Journal of Obesity 32:992-1000.
36. Roehling, Mark V. 2002. "Weight Discrimination in the American Workplace: Ethical Issues and Analysis." Journal of Business Ethics 40(2):177-89.
37. Rowland, M. L. 1989. "Statistical Bulletin, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company." New York: Metropolitan Life Insurance Company.
38. Saguy, Abigail C. 2008. "French Women Don't Get Fat?" Health at Every Size Journal 19(4):219-34.
39. Saguy, Abigail C. and Kevin C. Riley. 2005. "Weighing Both Sides: Morality,Mortality, and Framing Contests over Obesity." Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law 30(5):869-921.
40. Schafer, Markus H. and Kenneth F. Ferraro. 2011. "The Stigma of Obesity: Does Perceived Weight Discrimination Affect Identity and Physical Health?" Social Psychology Quarterly 74(1):76-97.
41. Stunkard, Albert J. and Thorkild Sorensen. 1993. "Obesity and Socioeconomic Status - A Complex Relation." New England Journal of Medicine 329(14):1036-37.
42. Thurow, Lester C. 1975. Generating Inequality: Mechanisms of Distribution in the U.S. Economy. New York: Basic Books.
43. Waldfogel, Jane. 1998. "Understanding the 'Family Gap' in Pay forWomenwith Children." Journal of Economic Perspectives 12(1):137-56.
44. Wann, Marilyn. 2009. "Foreword - Fat Studies: An Invitation to Revolution." Pp. ix-xxv in The Fat Studies Reader, edited by Esther Rothblum and Sondra Solovay. New York: New York University Press.
45. Wolf, Naomi. [1991] 2002. The Beauty Myth. New York: HarperCollins.