Atmospheric particulate mercury: Concentrations and size distributions

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 61, Issue , 2012, Pages 94-102

  Kim, Pyung Rae ^a   Han, Young Ji ^a   Holsen, Thomas M ^b   Yi, Seung Muk ^c  

^a Kangwon National University   (South Korea)

^b Clarkson University   (United States)

^c Seoul National University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Oxidation; Particulate mercury; Rural; Size distribution; Urban

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATE; COARSE MODE; ELEVATED CONCENTRATIONS; FINE PARTICLES; LOW TEMPERATURES; OXIDATION REACTIONS; PARTICLES CONCENTRATION; PARTICULATE MERCURY; PREVAILING WINDS; RURAL SITE; URBAN; URBAN AND RURAL AREAS;

GAS ADSORPTION; MERCURY (METAL); OXIDATION; RURAL AREAS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION;

URBAN GROWTH;

ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATE MERCURY; MERCURY; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

AEROSOL; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); LOW TEMPERATURE; MEASUREMENT METHOD; MERCURY (ELEMENT); OXIDATION; PARTICLE SIZE; TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT;

ADSORPTION; ARTICLE; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; FALLING; KOREA; OXIDATION; PARTICLE SIZE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RURAL AREA; SEASONAL VARIATION; SUMMER; URBAN AREA; WINTER;

EID: 84864526444     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: 18732844     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.014     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Ahn M.C., Yi S.M., Holsen T.M., Han Y.J. Mercury wet deposition in rural Korea: concentrations and fluxes. J. Environ. Monit. 2011, 13:2748-2754.
2. Allen G.A., Lawrence J., Koutrakis P. Field validation of semi-continuous method for aerosol black carbon (Aethalometer) and temporal patterns of summertime hourly black carbon measurements in southwestern PA. Atmos. Environ. 1999, 33(5):817-823.
3. Allen J.O., Dookeran K.M., Smith K.A., Sarofim A.F., Taghizadeh K., Lafleur A.L. Measurement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with size-segregated atmospheric aerosols in Massachusetts. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1996, 30:1023-1031.
4. Amos H.M., Jacob D.J., Holmes C.D., Fisher J.A., Wang Q., Yantosca R.M., Corbitt E.S., Galarneau E., Rutter A.P., Gustin M.S., Steffen A., Schauer J.J., Graydon J.A., Louis V.L.St., Talbot R.W., Edgerton E.S., Zhang Y., Sunderland E.M. Gas-particle partitioning of atmospheric Hg(II) and its effect on global mercury deposition. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012, 12:591-603. 10.5194/acp-12-591-2012.
5. Andersson M.E., Gardfeldt K., Wangberg I., Sprovieri F., Pirrone N., Lindqvist O. Seasonal and daily variation of mercury evasion at coastal and off shore sites from the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Chem. 2007, 104:214-226.
6. Ci Z.J., Zhang X.S., Wang Z.W., Niu Z.C., Diao X.Y., Wang S.W. Distribution and air-sea exchange of mercury (Hg) in the Yellow Sea. Atoms Chem. Phys. 2011, 11:2881-2892.
7. Clever H.L., Johnsor S.A., Derrick M.E. The solubility of mercury and some sparingly soluble mercury salts in water and aqueous-electrolyte solutions. J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 1985, 14:631-681.
8. Choi H.D., Holsen T.M., Hopke P.K. Atmospheric mercury (Hg) in the Adirondacks: concentrations and sources. Environ. Sci. Tech. 2008, 42:5644-5653.
9. Cobbett F.D., Steffen A., Lawson G., Bill J., Heyst V. Measurements of GEM fluxes and atmospheric mercury concentrations (GEM, RGM and PHg) from an agricultural field amended with biosolids in Southern Ont., Canada (October 2004-November 2004). Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:2270-2282.
10. Draxler R.R., Hess G.D. Description of the HYSPLIT_4 Modeling System 1997, NOAA, Technical Memorandum ERL ARL-224.
11. Driscoll C.T., Han Y.J., Chen C.Y., Evers D.C., Lambert K.F., Holsen T.M., Kamman N.C., Munson R.K. Mercury contamination in forest and freshwater ecosystems in the Northeastern United States. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2007, 57(1):17-28.
12. Engle M.A., Gustin M.S., Lindberg S.E., Gertler A.W., Ariya P.A. The influence of ozone on atmospheric emissions of gaseous elemental mercury and relative gaseous mercury from substrates. Atmos. Environ. 2005, 39:7506-7517.
13. Ferro D., Piacente V., Scardala P. Vaporization enthalpies of black and red mercury sulphides and their heat of transition from vapour pressure measurements. J. Less Common Met. 1989, 147(1):1-8.
14. Fleming E.J., Mack E.E., Green P.G., Nelson D.C. Mercury methylation from unexpected sources: molybdate-inhibited freshwater sediments and an iron-reducing bacterium. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2006, 72(1):457-464.
15. Gan S.Y., Yi S.M., Han Y.J. Characteristics of atmospheric speciated gaseous mercury in Chuncheon, Korea. J. Kor. Soc. Environ. Eng. 2009, 31(5):382-391.
16. Gao S., Zhang Y., Meng J., Shu J. Real-time analysis of soot emissions from bituminous coal pyrolysis and combustion with a vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2009, 407:1193-1199.
17. Graney J.R., Dvonch J.T., Keeler G.J. Use of multi-element tracers to source apportion mercury in south Florida aerosols. Atmos. Environ. 2004, 38:1715-1726.
18. Han Y.J., Holsen T.M., Evers D.C., Driscoll C.T. Reduced mercury deposition in New Hampshire from 1996 to 2002 due to changes in local sources. Environ. Pollut. 2008, 156:1348-1356.
19. 2.5 and its chemical composition in rural Korea. J. Atmos. Chem. 2011, 68:281-298.
20. Hammerschmidt C.R., Fitzgerald W.F. Methylmercury in freshwater fish linked to atmospheric mercury deposition. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40:7764-7770.
21. Hedgecock I.M., Pirrone N. Mercury and photochemistry in the marine boundary layer-modeling studies suggest the in situ production of reactive gas phase mercury. Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35:3055-3062.
22. Hinds W.C. Aerosol Technology; Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles 1999, John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
23. Huang J., Hopke P.K., Choi H.D., Laing J.R., Cui H., Zananski T.J., Chandrasekaran S.R., Rattigan O.V., Holsen T.M. Mercury (Hg) emissions from domestic biomass combustion for space heating. Chem 2011, 84:1694-1699.
24. Keeler G., Glinsorn G., Pirrone N. Particulate mercury in the atmosphere: its significance, transport, transformation and sources. Water Air Soil Pollut. 1995, 80:159-168.
25. Keeler G.J., Landis M.S. Technical Report EPA 905-R-97-012b 1997, U.S. EPA Great Lakes National Program Office, Chicago, IL.
26. Kim K.H., Kim M.Y. The effects of anthropogenic sources on temporal distribution characteristics of total gaseous mercury in Korea. Atmos. Environ. 2000, 34:3337-3347.
27. Kim K.H., Kim M.Y., Kim J., Lee G. The concentrations and fluxes of total gaseous mercury in a western coastal area of Korea during late March 2001. Atmos. Environ. 2002, 36:3413-3427.
28. Kim K.H., Shon Z.H., Nguyen H.T., Jung K., Park C.G., Bae G.N. The effect of man-made source processes on the behavior of total gaseous mercury in air: a comparison between four urban monitoring sites in Seoul, Korea. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2011, 409:3801-3811.
29. Kim S.H., Han Y.J., Holsen T.M., Yi S.M. Characteristics of atmospheric speciated mercury concentrations (TGM, Hg(II) and Hg(p)) in Seoul, Korea. Atmos. Environ. 2009, 43:3267-3274.
30. Kobayashi T. On the behavior of mercury in the atmospheric particulates: seasonal variation of mercury concentration and the size distribution. Hyogo-ken Kogai Kenkyusho Kenkyu Hokoku 1986, 18:37-43.
31. Lai S.O., Huang J., Hopke P.K., Holsen T.M. An evaluation of direct measurement techniques for mercury dry deposition. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2011, 409:1320-1327.
32. Lamborg C.H., Fitzgerald W.F., Vandal G.M., Rolfus K.R. Atmospheric mercury in northern Wisconsin: sources and species. Water Air Soil Pollut. 1995, 80:189-198.
33. Landis M., Vette A.F., Keeler G.J. Atmospheric mercury in the Lake Michigan Basin: influence of the Chicago/Gary Urban Area. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2002, 36:4508-4517.
34. Liang C.K., Pankow J.F., Odum J.R., Seinfeld J.H. Gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds to model inorganic, organic, and ambient smog aerosols. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1997, 31:3086-3092.
35. Lindberg S.E., Don W., Meyers T. Transpiration of gaseous elemental mercury through vegetation in a subtropical wetland in Florida. Atmos. Environ. 2002, 36:5207-5219.
36. Liu B., Keeler G.J., Dvonch J.T., Barres J.A., Lynam M.M., Marsik F.J., Morgan J.T. Temporal variability of mercury speciation in urban air. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:1911-1923.
37. Lyman S.N., Gustin M.S., Prestbo E.M., Marsik F.J. Estimation of dry deposition of atmospheric mercury in Nevada by direct and indirect methods. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41(6):1970-1976.
38. Mamane Y., Perrino Cinzia Y.O., Catrmbone M. Source characterization of fine and coarse particles at the East Mediterranean coast. Atmos. Environ. 2008, 42:6114-6130.
39. Marsik F.J., Keeler G.J., Landis M.S. The dry-deposition of speciated mercury to the Florida Everglades: measurements and modeling. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:136-149.
40. Nguyen H.T., Kim M.Y., Kim K.H. The influence of long-range transport on atmospheric mercury on Jeju Island, Korea. Sci. Tot. Environ. 2010, 409:3801-3811.
41. Offenberg J.H., Baker J.E. Aerosol size distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban and over-water atmospheres. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1999, 33:3324-3331.
42. Orihel D.M., Paterson M.J., Bodaly R.A., Hintelmann H. Experimental evidence of a linear relationship between inorganic mercury loading and methylmercury accumulation by aquatic biota. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41:4952-4958.
43. Pacyna E.G., Pacyna J.M., Steenhuisen F., Simon W. Global anthropogenic mercury emission inventory for 2000. Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40:4048-4063.
44. Pal P., Ariya P.A. Gas-phase HO-initiated reactions of elemental mercury: kinetics, product studies, and atmospheric implications. PCCP 2004, 6:572-579.
45. Pankow J.F. A simple box model for the annual cycle of partitioning of semi-volatile organic compounds between the atmosphere and the earth's surface. Atmos. Environ. 1993, 27:1139-1152.
46. Pankow J.F. Common gamma-intercept and single compound regressions of gas particle partitioning data vs. 1/T. Atmos. Environ. Part A - Gen. Top. 1991, 25:2229-2239.
47. Pankow J.F. Review and comparative analysis of the theories on partitioning between the gas and aerosol particulate phases in the atmosphere. Atmos. Environ. 1987, 21:2275-2283.
48. Pirrone N., Keeler G.J., Allegrini I. Particle size distributions of atmospheric mercury in urban and rural areas. Aerosol Sci. 1996, 27:S13-S14.
49. Poissant L., Pilote M., Constant P., Beauvais C., Zhang H.H., Xu X. Mercury gas exchanges over selected bare soil and flooded sites in the bay St. François wetlands (Québec, Canada). Atmos. Environ. 2004, 38:4205-4214.
50. Poissant L., Pilote M., Beauvais C., Constant P., Zhang H.H. A year of continuous measurements of three atmospheric mercury species (GEM, RGM and Hgp) in southern Québec, Canada. Atmos. Environ. 2005, 39:1275-1287.
51. Porter J.N., Clarke A.D. Aerosol size distribution models based on in situ measurements. J. Geophy. Res. 1997, 102(D5):6035-6045.
52. Rutter A.P., Schauer J.J. The effect of temperature on the gas-particle partitioning of reactive mercury in atmospheric aerosols. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:8647-8657.
53. Ryaboshapko A., Bullock R., Ebinghaus R., Ilyin I., Lohman K., Munthe J., Petersen G., Seigneur C., Wangberg I. Comparison of mercury chemistry models. Atmos. Environ. 2002, 36:3881-3898.
54. Sakata M., Asakura K. Estimating contribution of precipitation scavenging of atmospheric particulate mercury to mercury wet deposition in Japan. Atmos. Environ. 2007, 41:1669-1680.
55. Schroeder W.H., Munthe J. Atmospheric mercury - an overview. Atmos. Environ. 1998, 32:809-822.
56. Seigneur C., Abeck H., Chia G., Reinhard M., Bloom N.S., Prestbo E., Saxena P. Mercury adsorption to elemental carbon (soot) particles and atmospheric particulate matter. Atmos. Environ. 1998, 32(14/15):2649-2657.
57. Seinfeld J.H., Pandis S.N. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change 2006, Wiley, New York, NY.
58. Seo, Y.C., Personal communication, Yonsei University.
59. Shannon J.D., Voldner E.C. Modeling atmospheric concentrations of mercury and deposition to the great lakes. Atmos. Environ. 1995, 29:1649-1661.
60. Shon Z.H., Kim K.H., Song S.K., Kim M.Y., Lee J.S. Environmental fate of gaseous elemental mercury at an urban monitoring site based on long-term measurements in Korea (1997-2005). Atmos. Environ. 2008, 42:142-155.
61. 0(g); kinetic and product studies. PCCP 2008, 10:5616-5623.
62. Subir M., Ariya P., Dastoor A.P. A review of uncertainties in atmospheric modeling of mercury chemistry I. Uncertainties in existing kinetic parameters - fundamental limitations and the importance of heterogeneous chemistry. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 45:5664-5676.
63. Tsai Y., Kuo S., Lin Y. Temporal characteristics of inhalable mercury and arsenic aerosols in the urban atmosphere in southern Taiwan. Atmos. Environ. 2003, 37:3401-3411.
64. UNEP, 2008. The Global Atmospheric Mercury Assessment: Source, Emissions and Transport. Geneva, Switzerland.
65. U.S.EPA Mercury Update: Impact in Fish Advisories 2001, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, 4305. EPA-823-F-01-011.
66. U.S.EPA Method 1631, Revision E: Mercury in Water by Oxidation, Purge and Trap, and Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry 2002, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, EPA-821/R-02-019.
67. Wang Z., Zhang X., Chen Z., Zhang Y. Mercury concentrations in size-fractionated airborne particles at urban and suburban sites in Beijing, China. Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40:2194-2201.
68. Xie Z.Q., Sander R., Poschl U., Slemr F. Simulation of atmospheric mercury depletion events (AMDEs) during polar springtime using the MECCA box model. Atoms Chem. Phys. 2008, 8:7165-7180.
69. Xiu G., Cail J., Zhang D., Bueler A., Lee S., Shen Y., Xu L., Huang X., Zhang P. Characterization of size fractioned particulate mercury in Shanghai ambient air. Atmos. Environ. 2005, 39:419-427.
70. Xiu G., Cail J., Zhang W., Zhang D., Bueler A., Lee S., Shen Y., Xu L., Hunag X., Zhang P. Speciated mercury in size-fractionated particles in Shanghai ambient air. Atmos. Environ. 2009, 43:3145-3154.
71. Xiu G., Shi S., Zhang D. Preliminary study on characteristics of particulate mercury in fine particles in ambient air. Shanghai Huanjing Kexue 2003, 22(5):310-312.
72. Yamasaki H., Kuwata K., Miyamoto H. Effects of ambient-temperature on aspects of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1982, 16:189-194.
73. Zhang L., Gong S., Padro J., Barrie L. A size-segregated particle dry deposition scheme for an atmospheric aerosol module. Atmos. Environ. 2001, 35:549-560.
74. Zhang L., Wright L.P., Blanchard P. A review of current knowledge concerning dry deposition of atmospheric mercury. Atmos. Environ. 2009, 43:5853-5864.