Interannual variations of subsurface spiciness in the philippine sea: Observations and mechanism

Journal of Physical Oceanography

Volumn 42, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 1022-1038

  Li, Yuanlong ^a,b   Wang, Fan ^a   Zhai, Fangguo ^a,b  

^a INSTITUTE OF OCEANOLOGY   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CHARACTERISTICS AND MECHANISMS; CYCLONIC CIRCULATION; DOWN-WELLING; EKMAN PUMPING; ENSO CYCLE; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; EXTRATROPICAL; GEOSTROPHIC ADVECTION; HIGHER LATITUDES; INTERANNUAL SIGNALS; INTERANNUAL VARIATION; LOW FREQUENCY; MINDANAO CURRENTS; NORTH PACIFIC; NORTH PACIFIC TROPICAL WATERS; OUT OF PHASE; PROFILING FLOAT; RESEARCH SURVEY; ROSSBY WAVE; SALINITY CHANGE; SALINITY VARIABILITY; SATELLITE ALTIMETER; WESTERN BOUNDARY; WESTERN BOUNDARY CURRENTS; WESTERN PACIFIC; WIND STRESS CURL;

HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYS; NICKEL COMPOUNDS; OCEAN CURRENTS; OCEAN HABITATS; WIND EFFECTS;

SALINITY MEASUREMENT;

ADVECTION; ANNUAL VARIATION; ARGO; EKMAN PUMPING; GEOSTROPHIC FLOW; OBSERVATIONAL METHOD; OCEANIC CIRCULATION; OCEANIC FRONT; ROSSBY WAVE; SALINITY; SATELLITE ALTIMETRY; WESTERN BOUNDARY CURRENT;

MINDANAO CURRENT; PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN (EQUATORIAL); PACIFIC OCEAN (NORTH); PACIFIC OCEAN (WEST); PHILIPPINE SEA;

EID: 84864503241     PISSN: 00223670     EISSN: 15200485     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JPO-D-12-06.1     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Akima, H., 1970: A new method for interpolation and smooth curve fitting based on local procedures. J. Assoc. Comput. Mech., 17, 589-602.
2. Antonov, J. I., and Coauthors, 2010: Salinity. Vol. 2, World Ocean Atlas 2009, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 69, 184 pp.
3. Balmaseda, M. A., A. Vidard, and D. L. T. Anderson, 2008: The ECMWF ocean analysis system:ORA-S3.Mon.Wea. Rev., 136, 3018-3034.
4. Bindoff, N. L., and T. J. McDougall, 1994: Diagnosing climate change and ocean ventilation using hydrographic data. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 1137-1152.
5. Chelton, D. B., R. A. de Szoeke, M. G. Schlax, K. E. Naggar, and N. Siwertz, 1998: Geographical variability of the first baroclinic Rossby radius of deformation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 28, 433-460.
6. Delcroix,T., andC.Hénin, 1991: Seasonal and interannual variations of sea surface salinity in the tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 22 135-22 150.
7. Deser, C., M. A. Alexander, and M. S. Timlin, 1996: Upper-ocean thermal variations in the North Pacific during 1970-1991. J. Climate, 9, 1840-1855.
8. Ducet, N., P. Y. Le Traon, and G. Reverdin, 2000: Global highresolution mapping of ocean circulation from TOPEX/ Poseidon and ERS-1 and -2. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 19 477- 19 498.
9. Ffield,A., andA. L.Gordon, 1992:Verticalmixing in the Indonesian thermocline. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 184-195.
10. Fine, R. A., R. Lukas, F. M. Bingham, M. J. Warner, and R. H. Gammon, 1994: The western equatorial Pacific: A water mass crossroads. J. Geophys. Res., 99 (C12), 25 063-25 080.
11. Giese, B. S., S. C. Urizar, and N. S. Fučkar, 2002: Southern Hemisphere origins of the 1976 climate shift. Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1014, doi:10.1029/2001GL013268.
12. Gu, D., and S. G. H. Philander, 1997: Interdecadal climate fluctuations that depend on exchange between the tropics and extratropics. Science, 275, 805-807.
13. Hosoda, S., T. Ohira, and T. Nakamura, 2008: A monthly mean dataset of global oceanic temperature and salinity derived from Argo float observations. JAMSTEC Report of Research and Development, Vol. 8, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan, 47-59.
14. Hosoda, S., T. Suga, N. Shikama, and K. Mizuno, 2009: Global surface layer salinity change detected by Argo and its implication for hydrological cycle intensification. J. Oceanogr., 65, 579-586.
15. Jing, Z., L. Wu, L. Li, C. Liu, X. Liang, Z. Chen, D. Hu, and Q. Liu, 2011: Turbulent diapycnalmixing in the subtropical northwestern Pacific: Spatial-seasonal variations and role of eddies. J. Geophys. Res., 116, C10028, doi:10.1029/2011JC007142.
16. Johnson, G. C., 2006: Generation and initial evolution of a mode water u-S anomaly. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 36, 739-751.
17. Johnson, G. C., and M. J. McPhaden, 1999: Interior pycnocline flow from the subtropical to the equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 3073-3089.
18. Kashino, Y., M. Aoyama, T. Kawano, N. Hendiarti, Syaefudi, Y. Anantasena, K. Muneyama, and H. Watanabe, 1996: The water masses between Mindanao and New Guinea. J. Geophys. Res., 101 (C5), 12 391-12 400.
19. Kashino, Y.,N.Espana, F. Syamsudin, K. J. Richards, T. Jensen,P.Dutrieux, and A. Ishida, 2009: Observations of the North Equatorial Current, Mindanao Current, and the Kuroshio Current system during the 2006/07 El Niño and 2007/08 La Niña. J. Oceanogr., 65, 325-333.
20. Kashino, Y., A. Ishida, and S. Hosoda, 2011: Observed ocean variability in the Mindanao Dome region. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 41, 287-302.
21. Kessler, W. S., 1990: Observation of long Rossby waves in the northern tropical Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 95, 5183-5217.
22. Kessler, W. S., 1999: Interannual variability of the subsurface high salinity tongue south of the equator at 1658E. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 2038-2049.
23. Kilpatrick, T., N. Schneider, and E.Di Lorenzo, 2011:Generation of low-frequency spiciness variability in the thermocline. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 41, 365-377.
24. Kim, Y. Y., T. Qu, T. Jensen, T. Miyama, H. Mitsudera, H.-W. Kang, and A. Ishida, 2004: Seasonal and interannual variations of the North Equatorial Current bifurcation in a high-resolution OGCM. J.Geophys. Res., 109, C03040, doi:10.1029/2003JC002013.
25. Kobashi, F., and S. P. Xie, 2012: Interannual variability of the North Pacific Subtropical Countercurrent: Role of local ocean-atmosphere interaction. J. Oceanogr., 68, 113-126.
26. Laurian, A., A. Lazar, G. Reverdin, K. Rodgers, and P. Terray, 2006: Poleward propagation of spiciness anomalies in the North Atlantic Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L13603, doi:10.1029/ 2006GL026155.
27. Lindstrom, E., R. Lukas, R. Fine, E. Firing, S. Godfrey, G. Meyers, and M. Tsuchiya, 1987: The Western Equatorial Pacific Ocean Circulation Study. Nature, 330, 533-537.
28. Liu, Z., 1994: A simple model of the mass exchange between the subtropical and tropical ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 1153- 1165.
29. Locarnini, R. A., A. V. Mishonov, J. I. Antonov, T. P. Boyer, H. E. Garcia, O. K. Baranova, M. M. Zweng, and D. R. Johnson, 2010: Temperature. Vol. 1, World Ocean Atlas 2009, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 68, 184 pp.
30. Lu, P., and J. McCreary, 1995: Influence of the ICTZ on the flow of thermocline water from the subtropical to the equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 3076-3088.
31. Lukas, R., 2001: Freshening of the upper thermocline in the North Pacific subtropical gyre associated with decadal changes of rainfall. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 3485-3488.
32. Lukas, R., E. Firing, P. Hacker, P. L. Richardson, C. A. Collins, R. Fine, and R. Gammon, 1991: Observations of the Mindanao Current during the Western Equatorial Pacific Ocean Circulation Study. J. Geophys. Res., 96 (C4), 7089-7104.
33. Luo, Y., L. M. Rothstein, R.-H. Zhang, and A. J. Busalacchi, 2005: On the connection between South Pacific subtropical spiciness anomalies and decadal equatorial variability in an ocean general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 110, C10002, doi:10.1029/ 2004JC002655.
34. McCreary, J. P., and P. Lu, 1994: On the interaction between the subtropical and the equatorial oceans: The subtropical cell. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 466-497.
35. McPhaden, M. J., and D. Zhang, 2002: Slowdown of the meridional overturning circulation in the upper Pacific Ocean. Nature, 415, 603-608.
36. McPhaden, M. J., and D. Zhang, 2004: Pacific Ocean circulation rebounds. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L18301, doi:10.1029/2004GL020727.
37. Munk, W., 1981: Internal waves and small-scale processes. Evolution of Physical Oceanography, B. A. Warren and C. Wunsch, Eds., MIT Press, 264-291.
38. Nonaka, M., and S. P. Xie, 2000: Propagation of North Pacific interdecadal subsurface temperature anomalies in an ocean GCM. Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 3747-3750.
39. Pierce, D. W., T. P. Barnett, and M. Latif, 2000: Connections between the Pacific Ocean tropics and midlatitudes on decadal timescales. J. Climate, 13, 1173-1194.
40. Qiu, B., and T. M. Joyce, 1992: Interannual variability in the midand low-latitude western North Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 22, 1062-1079.
41. Qiu, B., and R. Lukas, 1996: Seasonal and interannual variability of the North Equatorial Current, the Mindanao Current and the Kuroshio along the Pacific western boundary. J. Geophys. Res., 101, 12 315-12 330.
42. Qiu, B., and S. Chen, 2010: Interannual-to-decadal variability in the bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current off the Philippines. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 40, 2525-2538.
43. Qiu, B., and S. Chen, 2011: Effect of decadal Kuroshio Extension jet and eddy variability on the modification of North Pacific Intermediate Water. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 41, 503-515.
44. Qiu, B., and S. Chen, 2012: Multidecadal sea level and gyre circulation variability in the northwestern tropical Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 42, 193-206.
45. Roemmich, D. H., and Coauthors, 2009: The Argo program: Observing the global ocean with profiling floats. Oceanography, 22, 34-43.
46. Sasaki, Y. N., N. Schneider, N. Maximenko, and K. Lebedev, 2010: Observational evidence for propagation of decadal spiciness anomalies in the North Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L07708, doi:10.1029/2010GL042716.
47. Schneider, N., 2000: Decadal spiciness mode in the tropics. Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 257-260.
48. Schneider, N., A. J.Miller, M. A. Alexander, and C. Deser, 1999: Subduction of decadal North Pacific temperature anomalies: Observations and dynamics. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 29, 1056-1070.
49. Smith, W. H. F., and D. T. Sandwell, 1997: Global sea floor topography from satellite altimetry and ship depth soundings. Science, 277, 1956-1962.
50. Suga, T., A. Kato, and K. Hanawa, 2000: North Pacific Tropical Water: Its climatology and temporal changes associated with the climate regime shift in the 1970s. Prog. Oceanogr., 47, 223-256.
51. Toole, J., R. Millard, Z. Wang, and S. Pu, 1990: Observations of the Pacific North Equatorial Current bifurcation at the Philippine coast. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 20, 307-318.
52. Tsuchiya,M., 1968: UpperWaters of the Intertropical PacificOceans. Vol. 4, Johns Hopkins Oceanographic Studies, Johns Hopkins Press, 50 pp.
53. Veronis, G., 1972: On properties of seawater defined by temperature, salinity and pressure. J. Mar. Res., 30, 227-255.
54. Wong, A. P. S., N. L. Bindoff, and J. A. Church, 1999: Large-scale freshening of intermediate waters in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. Nature, 400, 440-443.
55. Yeager, S. G., and W. G. Large, 2004: Late-winter generation of spiciness on subducted isopycnals. J. Phys.Oceanogr., 34, 1528-1547.
56. Yeager, S. G., and W. G. Large, 2007: Observational evidence of winter spice injection. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 37, 2895-2919.
57. Zhang, R. H., L. M. Rothstein, and A. J. Busalacchi, 1998: Origin of upper-ocean warming and El Niño change on decadal scales in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Nature, 391, 879-883.