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For that reasonwe do not refer here to papers, however interesting, that give sociological descriptions of how the field of ethics, and later bioethics, has turned into a more empirically focused discipline
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studied 33 completed empirical ethics research projects and found that fewer than half of the original empirical ethics project descriptions explicitly contained information on the relationship between the empirical and the normative. Furthermore, even the projects that explicitly mentioned the problematic relationship between the empirical and the normative often remained unclear about the specific features of that relationship. During the interviews with empirical ethics researchers, the researchers often could not state whether something was a purely empirical or normative distinction See van der Scheer L, van Thiel G, van Delden J, Widdershoven G. Ethiek en empirie: Theorie en methodologie van empirisch ethisch onderzoek [Ethics and empiricism: Theory and methodology of empirical ethics research], Maastricht University; 2004
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