Petrogenesis of Late Paleoproterozoic Liangcheng charnockites and S-type granites in the central-northern margin of the North China Craton: Implications for ridge subduction

Precambrian Research

Volumn 222-223, Issue , 2012, Pages 107-123

  Peng, P ^a   Guo, J H ^a   Windley, B F ^b   Liu, F ^a   Chu, Z ^a   Zhai, M G ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Gabbronorites charnockites S type granites volcanics; Late Paleoproterozoic; North China Craton; Ridge subduction; Ultra high temperature metamorphism

Indexed keywords

CHARNOCKITE; GABBRO; GRANITE; KOMATIITE; MELTING; PETROGENESIS; PORPHYRY; PROTEROZOIC; RHYOLITE; S-TYPE ROCK; STRENGTH; SUBDUCTION; TEMPERATURE; TRACE ELEMENT; ULTRAHIGH TEMPERATURE METAMORPHISM;

CHINA; NORTH CHINA BLOCK;

EID: 84864356458     PISSN: 03019268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.precamres.2011.06.002     Document Type: Article

References (114)

1. Atherton M.P., Ghani A.A. Slab breakoff: a model for Caledonian, Late Granite syn-collisional magmatism in the orthotectonic (metamorphic) zone of Scotland and Donegal, Ireland. Lithos 2002, 62:65-85.
2. Anma R., Armstrong R., Orihashi Y., Ike S., Shin S., Kon Y., Komiya T., Ota T., Kagashima S., Shibuya T., Yamamoto S., Veloso E.E., Fanning M., Hervé F. Are the Taitao granites formed due to subduction of the Chile ridge?. Lithos 2009, 113:246-258.
3. Bourdon E., Eissen J.-P., Gutscher M.-A., Monzier M., Hall M., Cotten J. Magmatic response to early aseismic ridge subduction: the Ecuadorian margin case (South America). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2007, 205:123-138.
4. Bradley D.C., Haeussler P.J., Kusky T.M. Timing of Early Tertiary ridge subduction in southern Alaska. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1993, 2068:163-177.
5. Bradley, D.C., Kusky, T.M., Haeussler, P., Rowley, D.C., Goldfarb, R., Nelson, S., 2003. Geologic signature of early ridge subduction in the accretionary wedge, forearc basin, and magmatic arc of south-central Alaska. In: Sisson, V.B., Roeske, S.M., Pavlis, T.L. (Eds.), Geology of a Transpressional Orogen Developed during Ridge-Trench Interaction along the North Pacific Margins. Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Pap. 371, 19-50.
6. Chappell B.W., White A.J.R. Two contrasting granite types. Pacific Geol. 1974, 8:173-174.
7. Chappell B.W., White A.J.R. I- and S-type granites in the Lachlan Fold Belt. Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh: Earth Sci. 1992, 83:1-26.
8. Chappell B.W., White A.J.R. Two contrasting granite types: 25 years later. Aust. J. Earth Sci. 2001, 48:487-488.
9. Chu Z.Y., Wu F.Y., Walker R.J., Rudnick R.L., Pitcher L., Puchtel I.S., Yang Y.H., Wilde S.A. Temporal evolution of the lithospheric mantle beneath the eastern North China Craton. J. Petrol. 2009, 50:1857-1898.
10. Cole R., Stewart B.W. Continental margin volcanism at sites of spreading ridge subduction: examples from southern Alaska and western California. Tectonophysics 2008, 464:118-136.
11. DePaolo D.J. Nd isotopes in the Colorado Front Range and crust-mantle evolution in the Proterozoic. Nature 1981, 291:193-196.
12. Espinoza F., Morata D., Polvé M., Lagabrielle Y., Maury R.C., Guivel C., Cotten J., Bellon H., Suárez M. Bimodal back-arc alkaline magmatism after ridge subduction: Pliocene felsic rocks from Central Patagonia (47°S). Lithos 2008, 101:191-207.
13. Geological Bureau of Inner-Mongolia (GBIM), 1973. 1:200,000 Geological Map of the Huhehaote (Hohhot) Area. Hohhot, Inner-Mongolia.
14. Guivel C., Lagabrielle Y., Bourgois J., Mauryc R.C., Fourcaded S., Martin H., Arnaud N. New geochemical constraints for the origin of ridge-subduction-related plutonic and volcanic suites from the Chile Triple Junction (Taitao Peninsula and Site 862, LEG ODP141 on the Taitao Ridge). Tectonophysics 1999, 311:83-111.
15. Guo, J.-H., Peng, P., Jiao, S.-J., Windley, B.F., 2011. UHT sapphirine granulite metamorphism at 1.93-1.92Ga caused by gabbronorite intrusions: implications for tectonic evolution of the northern margin of the North China Craton. Precamb. Res., this volume (under revision).
16. Guo, J.-H., Chen, Y., Peng, P., Liu, F., Chen, L., Zhang, L.-Q., 2006. Sapphirine-bearing granulite in Daqingshan, Inner Mongolia: 1.8Ga UHT metamorphic event. In: Petrology and Earth Dynamics in China. Nanjing University, Nanjing, Abstr. vol., 2006, 215-218.
17. Guo J.-H., Shi X., Bian A.G., Xu R.-H., Zhai M.-G., Li Y.-G. Pb isotopic composition of feldspar and U-Pb age of zircon from Early Proterozoic granite in Sanggan area, North China Craton: metamorphism, crustal melting and tectonothermal event. Acta Petrol. Sin. 1999, 15:199-207. (in Chinese with English abstract).
18. Guo J.-H., Sun M., Chen F.-K., Zhai M.-G. Sm-Nd and SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology of high-pressure granulites in the Sanggan area, North China Craton: timing of Paleoproterozoic continental collision. J. Asian Earth Sci. 2005, 24:629-642.
19. Guo J.-H., Zhai M.-G., Xu R.-H. Timing of the granulite-facies metamorphism in the Sanggan area, North China craton: zircon U-Pb geochronology. Sci. China Ser. D 2001, 44(11):1010-1018.
20. Healy B., Collins W.J., Richards S.W. A hybrid origin for Lachlan S-type granites: the Murrumbidgee batholith example. Lithos 2004, 78:197-216.
21. Hole M.J., Larter R.D. Trench-proximal volcanism following ridge crest-trench collision along the Antarctic Peninsula. Tectonics 1993, 12:897-910.
22. Hole M.J., Rogers G., Saunders A.D., Storey M. Relation between alkalic volcanism and slab window formation. Geology 1991, 19:657-660.
23. 2O activities. J. Petrol. 1991, 32:935-958.
24. Huppert H.E., Stephen R., Sparks J. The generation of granitic magmas by intrusion of basalt into continental crust. J. Petrol. 1988, 29:599-624.
25. Iwamori H. Thermal effects of ridge subduction and its implications for the origin of granitic batholith and paired metamorphic belts. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2000, 181:131-144.
26. Jesen, L.S., 1976. A new cation plot for classifying subalkalic volcanic rocks. Ontario Division of Mines. Misc. Pap. 66, 22 pp.
27. Jian P., Liu D.-Y., Kröner A., Windley B.F., Shi Y.-R., Zhang F.-Q., Shi G.-H., Miao L.-C., Zhang W., Zhang Q., Zhang L.-Q., Ren J.-S. Time scale of early to mid-Paleozoic orogenic cycle of the long-lived Central Asian Orogenic Belt, Inner Mongolia of China: implications for continental growth. Lithos 2008, 101:233-259.
28. Jiang N., Guo J.-H., Zhai M.-G., Zhang S.-Q. ~2.7Ga crust growth in the North China craton. Precamb. Res. 2010, 179:37-49.
29. Jiao S.-J., Guo J.-H. Application of the two-feldspar geothermometer to ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) rocks in the Khondalite belt, North China craton and its implications. Am. Mineral. 2010, 96:250-260.
30. Kinoshita O. Migration of igneous activities related to ridge subduction in Southwest Japan and the East Asian continental margin from the Mesozoic to the Paleogene. Tectonophysics 1995, 245:25-35.
31. Komiya T. Material circulation model including chemical differentiation within the mantle and secular variation of temperature and composition of the mantle. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 2004, 146:333-367.
32. Kröner A., Wilde S.A., Li J.-H., Wang K.-Y. Age and evolution of a Late Archean to Paleoproterozoic upper to lower crustal section in the Wutaishan/Hengshan/Fuping terrain of North China. J. Asian Earth Sci. 2005, 24:577-595.
33. Kröner A., Wilde S.A., Zhao G.-C., O'Brien P.J., Sun M., Liu D.-Y., Wan Y.-S., Liu S.-W., Guo J.-H. Zircon geochronology and metamorphic evolution of mafic dykes in the Hengshan Complex of northern China: evidence for late Palaeoproterozoic extension and subsequent high-pressure metamorphism in the North China Craton. Precamb. Res. 2006, 146:45-67.
34. Kusky T.M., Young C.P. Emplacement of the Resurrection Peninsula ophiolite in the southern Alaska forearc during a ridge-trench encounter. J. Geophys. Res. 1999, 104(B12):29025-29054.
35. Kusky T., Li J.-H., Santosh M. The Paleoproterozoic North Hebei Orogen: North China Craton's collisional suture with the Columbia supercontinent. Gond. Res. 2007, 12:4-28.
36. Kusky T.M., Li J.-H, Tucker R.T. The Archean Dongwanzi ophiolite complex, North China Craton: 2.505 billion year old oceanic crust and mantle. Science 2001, 292:1142-1145.
37. Kusky T.M., Li J.-H. Paleoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the North China Craton. J. Asian Earth Sci. 2003, 22:383-397.
38. Lan Z.-W. Petrogenesis of garnet-bearing granites in the khondalites of North China Craton: mixing mechanism of melt and restite. Master's degree thesis of the Institute of geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 2007, 43pp.
39. Le Fort P., Cuney M., Deniel C., France-Lanord C., Sheppard S.M.F., Upreti B.N., Vidal P. Crustal generation of the Himalayan leucogranites. Tectonophysics 1987, 134:39-57.
40. Igneous Rocks: A Classification and Glossary of Terms 2002, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK, 235 pp. R.W. Le Maitre (Ed.).
41. Li J.-H., Kusky T.M., Huang X.-N. Neoarchean podiform chromitites and mantle tectonites in ophiolitic mélange, North China Craton: a record of early oceanic mantle processes. GSA Today 2002, 12:4-11.
42. Li J.-H., Qian X.-L., Huang X.-N., Liu S.-W. Tectonic framework of North China block and its cratonization in the Early Precambrian. Acta Petrol. Sin. 2000, 16:1-10. (in Chinese with English abstract).
43. Liu F., Guo J.-H., Lu X.-P., Diwu C.-R. Crustal growth at ~2.5Ga in the North China Craton: evidence from whole-rock Nd and zircon Hf isotopes in the Huai'an gneiss terrane. Chinese Sci. Bull. 2009, 54:4704-4713.
44. Liu, J.-G., Rudnick, R.L., Wlaker, R.J., Gao, S., Wu, F.-Y., Piccoli, P.M., Yuan, H.-L., Xue, W.-L., Xu, Y.-G.,;1; 2011. Mapping lithospheric boundaries using Os isotopes of mantle xenoliths: an example from the North China Craton. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 75, 3881-3902.
45. Liu J.-Z., Qiang X.-K., Liu X.-S., Ouyang Z.-Y. Dynamics and genetic grids of sapphirine-bearing spinel gneiss in Daqingshan orogen zone, Inner Mongolia. Acta Petrol. Sin. 2000, 16:245-255. (in Chinese with English abstract).
46. Liu S.J., Li J.H., Santosh M. First application of the revised Ti-in-zircon geothermometer to Paleoproterozoic ultrahigh-temperature granulites of Tuguiwula, Inner Mongolia, North China Craton. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 2010, 159:225-235.
47. Liu S.-W., Pan Y.-M., Xie Q.-L., Zhang J., Li Q.-G., Yang B. Geochemistry of the Paleoproterozoic Nanying granitic gneisses in the Fuping Complex: implications for the tectonic evolution of the Central Zone, North China Craton. J. Asian Earth Sci. 2005, 24:643-658.
48. Liu S.-W., Zhao G.-C., Wilde S.A., Shu G.-M., Sun M., Li Q.-G., Tian W., Zhang J. Th-U-Pb monazite geochronology of the Lüliang and Wutai Complexes: constraints on the tectonothermal evolution of the Trans-North China Orogen. Precamb. Res. 2006, 148:205-225.
49. Liu X.S., Jin W., Li S.X., Xu X.C. Two types of Precambrian high-grade metamorphism, Inner Mongolia, China. J. Metam. Geol. 1993, 11:499-510.
50. Ma X.-D., Guo J.-H., Chen L., Chu Z.-Y. Re-Os isotopic constraint to the age of komatiites in the Neoarchean Guyang greenstone belt, North China Craton. Chin. Sci. Bull. 2010, 55(27-28):3197-3204.
51. Manya S., Maboko M., Nakamura E. The geochemistry of high-Mg andesite and associated adakitic rocks in the Musoma-Mara greenstone belt, northern Tanzania: possible evidence for Neoarchean ridge subduction?. Precamb. Res. 2007, 159:241-259.
52. Maruyama S. Pacific-type orogeny revisited: Miyashiro-type orogeny proposed. Island Arc 1997, 6:91-120.
53. Merritts D., Vincent K.R. Geomorphic responses of coastal streams to low, intermediate, and high rates of uplift, Mendocino triple junction region, northern California. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 1989, 101:1373-1388.
54. Miller C.F. Are strongly peraluminous magmas derived from pelitic sedimentary sources?. J. Geol. 1985, 93:673-689.
55. Miller C.F., Stoddard E.F. The role of manganese in the paragenesis of magmatic garnet: an example from the Old Woman-Prute Range, California. J. Geol. 1981, 89:233-246.
56. Miyazaki K. Formation of a high-temperature metamorphic complex due to pervasive melt migration in the hot crust. Island Arc 2007, 16:69-82.
57. Osozawa S., Pavlis T. The high P/T Sambagawa extrusional wedge, Japan. J. Struct. Geol. 2007, 29:1131-1147.
58. Patǐo Douce A.E. What do experiments tell us about the relative contributions of crust and mantle to the origin of granitic magmas. Understanding Granites: Integrating New and Classical Techniques 1999, vol. 168:55-75. Geol. Soc., London, (Spec. Pub.).
59. Patǐo Douce A.E., Beard J.S. Dehydration-melting of biotite gneiss and quartz amphibolite from 3 to 15kbar. J. Petrol. 1995, 36:707-738.
60. Patǐo Douce A.E., Johansson A.D. Phase equilibria and melt productivity in the pelitic system: implications for the origin of peraluminous granitoids and aluminous granulites. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 1991, 107:202-218.
61. Peng P., Guo J.-H., Zhai M.-G., Bleeker W. Paleoproterozoic gabbronoritic and granitic magmatism in the northern margin of the North China Craton: evidence of crust-mantle interaction. Precamb. Res. 2010, 183:635-659.
62. Peng P., Guo J.-H., Windley B.F., Li X.H. Halaqin volcano-sedimentary succession in the central-northern margin of the North China Craton: products of Late Paleoproterozoic ridge subduction. Precamb. Res. 2011, 187:165-180.
63. Pitcher W.S. Granite type and tectonic environment. Mountain Building Processes 1983, Academic Press, London. K. Hsu (Ed.).
64. 186Os in oceanic island basalts: tracing oceanic crust recycling in the mantle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 1995, 129:145-161.
65. Santosh M. Assembling North China Craton within the Columbia supercontinent: the role of double-sided subduction. Precamb. Res. 2010, 178:149-167.
66. Santosh M., Kusky T. Origin of paired high pressure-ultrahigh-temperature orogens: a ridge subduction and slab window model. Terra Nova 2010, 22:35-42.
67. Santosh M., Sajeev K., Li J.-H. Extreme crustal metamorphism during Columbia supercontinent assembly: evidence from North China Craton. Gond. Res. 2006, 10:256-266.
68. Santosh M., Tsunogae T., Li J.-H., Liu S.-J. Discovery of sapphirine-bearing Mg-Al granulites in the North China Craton: implications for Paleoproterozoic ultrahigh temperature metamorphism. Gond. Res. 2007, 11:263-285.
69. Santosh M., Wilde S.A., Li J.-H. Timing of Paleoproterozoic ultrahigh-temperature metamorphism in the North China Craton: evidence from SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology. Precamb. Res. 2007, 159:178-196.
70. Santosh M., Zhao D.-P., Kusky T. Mantle dynamics of the Paleoproterozoic North China Craton: a perspective based on seismic tomography. J. Geodyn. 2010, 49:39-53.
71. Searle M.P., Parrish R.R., Hodges K.V., Hurford A., Ayres M.W., Whitehouse M.J. Shisha Pangma leucogranite, South Tibetan Himalaya: field relations, geochemistry, age, origin, and emplacement. J. Geol. 1997, 105:295-317.
72. Shand S.J. Eruptive Rocks. Their Genesis, Composition, Classification, and Their Relation to Ore-Deposits with a Chapter on Meteorite 1943, Wiley, New York, 444 pp. 2nd ed.
73. Shi, X., 1997. Chemistry and petrogenesis of the granites in the khondalite in southern Inner-Mongolia. Unpub. MSc Thesis. Inst. of Geol. Geophys., Chinese Academy of Sciences, 63 pp.
74. Shirey S.B., Walker R.J. The Re-Os isotope system in cosmochemistry and high-temperature geochemistry. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 1998, 26:423-500.
75. Sisson V.B., Pavlis T.L., Roeske S.M., Thorkelson D.J. Introduction: an overview of ridge-trench interactions in modern and ancient settings. Geology of a Transpressional Orogen Developed During Ridge-Trench Interaction along the North Pacific Margin 2003, 1-18. Geol. Soc. Amer., (Spec. Pap. 371). V.B. Sisson, S.M. Roeske, T.L. Pavlis (Eds.).
76. Sun S.-S., McDonough W.F. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts implications for mantle composition and process. Magmatism in the Ocean Basins 1989, vol. 42:313-354. Geol. Soc., London, (Spec. Pub.).
77. Sylvester P.J. Post-collisional strongly peraluminous granites. Lithos 1998, 45:29-44.
78. Thompson A.B. Some time-space relationships for crustal melting and granitic intrusion at various depths. Understanding Granites: Integrating New and Classical Techniques 1999, vol. 168:7-25. Geol. Soc., London, (Spec. Publ.).
79. Thorkelson D.J., Taylor R.P. Cordilleran slab windows. Geology 1989, 17:833-836.
80. Trap P., Faure M., Lin W., Monié P. Late Paleoproterozoic (1900-1800Ma) nappe stacking and polyphase deformation in the Hengshan-Wutaishan area: Implications for the understanding of the Trans-North-China Belt, North China Craton. Precamb. Res. 2007, 156:85-106.
81. Trap P., Faure M., Lin W., Monié P., Meffre S., Melleton J. The Zanhuang Massif, the second and eastern suture zone of the Paleoproterozoic Trans-North China Orogen. Precamb. Res. 2009, 172:80-98.
82. Wan, Y.-S., Geng, Y.-S., Liu, F.-L., Shen, Q.-H., Liu, D.-Y., Song, B., 2000. Age and composition of the khondalite series of the North China craton and its adjacent area. Prog. Precamb. Res. 23, 221-237.(in Chinese with English abstract).
83. Wan Y.-S., Liu D.-Y., Dong C.-Y., Xu Z.-Y., Wang Z.-J., Wilde S., Yang Y.-H., Liu Z.-H., Zhou H.-Y. The Precambrian Khondalite Belt in the Daqingshan area, North China Craton: evidence for multiple metamorphic events in the Paleoproterozoic era. Geol. Soc. Lond. 2009, 323:73-97. (Spec. Publ.).
84. Wan Y.-S., Liu D.-Y., Xu Z.-Y., Dong C.-Y., Wang Z.-J., Zhou H.-Y., Yang Z.-S., Liu Z.-H., Wu J.-S. Paleoproterozoic crustally derived carbonate-rich magmatic rocks from the Daqingshan area, North China craton: geological, petrographical, geochronological and geochemical (Hf, Nd, O and C) evidence. Am. J. Sci. 2008, 308:351-378.
85. Wan Y.-S., Song B., Liu D.-Y., Wilde S., Wu J.-S., Shi Y.-R., Yin X.-Y., Zhou H.-Y. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon geochronology of Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks in the North China Craton: evidence for a major Late Paleoproterozoic tectonothermal event. Precamb. Res. 2006, 149:249-271.
86. Wang F., Li X.-P., Chu H., Zhao G.-C. Petrology and metamorphism of khondalites from the Jining complex, North China craton. Inter. Geol. Rev. 2011, 53:212-229.
87. Wang, H.-C., Xiu, Q.-Y., 1996. Single zircon U-Pb ages of Erdaowa Group in Northern Hohhot, Inner Mongolia. Nei Mongolia Geology, pp. 13-17 (in Chinese with English abstract).
88. Wang H.-C., Xiu Q.-Y., Yuan G.-B. Metamorphic evolution of Paleoproterozoic Erdaowa Group in North Hohhot, Nei Mongol. Prog. Precamb. Res. 1999, 22:39-49. (in Chinese with English Abstract).
89. Wang J., Wu Y.-B., Gao S., Peng M., Liu X.C., Zhao L.-S., Zhou L., Hu Z.-C., Gong H.-J., Liu Y.-S. Zircon U-Pb and trace element data from rocks of the Huai'an Complex: new insights into the late Paleoproterozoic collision between the Eastern and Western Blocks of the North China Craton. Precamb. Res. 2010, 178:59-71.
90. Wang Z.-H., Wilde S.A., Wan J.-L. Tectonic setting and significance of 2.3-2.1Ga magmatic events in the Trans-North China Orogen: New constraints from the Yanmenguan mafic-ultramafic intrusion in the Hengshan-Wutai-Fuping area. Precamb. Res. 2010, 178:27-42.
91. White A.J.R., Chappell B.W. Some supracrustal S-type granites of the Lachlan Fold Belt. Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh: Earth Sci. 1988, 79:169-181.
92. Wilde S.A., Zhao G.-C., Sun M. Development of the North China Craton during the Late Archean and its final amalgamation at 1.8Ga: some speculation on its position within a global Paleoproterozoic Supercontinent. Gond. Res. 2002, 5:85-94.
93. Windley B.F., Alexeiev D.V., Xiao W.J., Kröner A., Badarch G. Tectonics models for accretion of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. J. Geol. Soc. Lond. 2007, 164:31-47.
94. Wu C.-H., Sun M., Li H.-M., Zhao G.-C., Xia X.-P. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon ages of the khondalites from the Wulashan and Jining high-grade terrain in northern margin of the North China Craton: constraints on sedimentary age of the khondalite. Acta Petrol. Sin. 2006, 22:2639-2654.
95. Xia X.-P., Sun M., Zhao G.-C., Luo Y. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology of detrital zircons from the Ji'ning Complex, North China Craton and its tectonic significance. Precamb. Res. 2006, 144:199-212.
96. Xia X.-P., Sun M., Zhao G.-C., Wu F.-Y., Xu P., Zhang J.-H., Luo Y. U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of detrital zircons from the Wulashan khondalites: Constraints on the evolution of the Ordos Terrane, Western Block of the North China Craton. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 241:581-593.
97. Xia X.-P., Sun M., Zhao G.-C., Wu F.-Y., Xu P., Zhang J., He Y.-H. Paleoproterozoic crustal growth in the western block of the North China craton: evidence from detrital zircon Hf and whole-rock Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the khondalites from the Ji'ning complex. Am. J. Sci. 2008, 308:304-327.
98. Yin C.-Q., Zhao G.-C., Guo J.-H., Sun M., Zhou X.-W., Zhang J., Xia X.-P., Liu C.-H. U-Pb and Hf isotopic study of zircons of the Helanshan Complex: constrains on the evolution of the Khondalite Belt in the Western Block of the North China Craton. Lithos 2011, 122:25-38.
99. Yin C.-Q., Zhao G.-C., Sun M., Xia X.-P., Wei C.-J., Zhou X.-W., Leung W.-H. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon ages of the Qianlishan Complex: constrains on the evolution of the Khondalite Belt in the Western Block of the North China Craton. Precamb. Res. 2009, 174:78-94.
100. Zhai M.-G., Liu W.-J. Paleoproterozoic tectonic history of the North China Craton: a review. Precamb. Res. 2003, 122:183-199.
101. Zhai M.-G., Peng P. Paleoproterozoic events in the North China Craton. Acta Petrol. Sin. 2007, 23:2665-2682. (in Chinese with English abstract).
102. Zhai M.-G., Guo J.-H., Yan Y.-H., Li Y.-G. The discovery of high-pressure basic granulite in the Archean north China Craton and preliminary study. Sci. China Ser. B 1992, 12:1300-1325. (in Chinese).
103. Zhai M.-G., Guo J.-H., Liu W.-J. Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic continental evolution and tectonic history of the North China Craton: a review. J. Asian Earth Sci. 2005, 24:547-562.
104. Zhai M.-G., Santosh M. The early Precambrian odyssey of North China Craton: a synoptic overview. Gond. Res. 2011, 20:6-25.
105. Zhang J., Zhao G.-C., Sun M., Wilde S.-A., Li S.-Z., Liu S.-W. High-pressure mafic granulites in the Trans-North China Orogen: tectonic significance and age. Gond. Res. 2006, 9:349-362.
106. Zhang J.-S., Dirks P.H.G.M., Passchier C.W. Extensional collapse and uplift in a polymetamorphic granulite terrain in the Archaean and Palaeoproterozoic of north China. Precamb. Res. 1994, 67:37-57.
107. Zhao G.C. Metamorphic evolution of major tectonic units in the basement of the North China Craton: key issues and discussion. Acta Petrol. Sin. 2009, 25:1772-1792. (in Chinese with English abstract).
108. Zhao G.-C., Sun M., Wilde S.A. Review of global 2.1-1.8Ga orogens: implications for a pre-Rodinia supercontinent. Earth Sci. Rev. 2002, 59:125-162.
109. Zhao G.-C., Sun M., Wilde S.A., Li S.-Z. Late Archean to Paleoproterozoic evolution of the North China Craton: key issues revisited. Precamb. Res. 2005, 136:177-202.
110. Zhao G.-C., Wilde S.A., Cawood P.A., Sun M. Archean blocks and their boundaries in the North China Craton: lithological, geochemical, structural and P-T path constraints and tectonic evolution. Precamb. Res. 2001, 107:45-73.
111. Zhao G.-C., Wilde S.A., Cawood P.A., Lu L.-Z. Thermal evolution of the Archean basement rocks from the eastern part of the North China Craton and its bearing on tectonic setting. Inter. Geol. Rev. 1998, 40:706-721.
112. Zhao G.-C., Wilde S.A., Sun M., Guo J.-H., Kroner A., Li S.-Z., Li X.-P., Zhang J. SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon geochronology of the Huai'an Complex: constraints on Late Archean to Paleoproterozoic magmatic and metamorphic events in the Trans-North China Orogen. Am. J. Sci. 2008, 308:270-303.
113. Zhong C.-T., Deng J.-F., Wan Y.-S., Mao D.-B., Li H.-M. Magma recording of Paleoproterozoic orogeny in central segment of northern margin of North China craton: geochemical characteristics and zircon SHRIMP dating of S-type granitoids. Geochimica 2007, 36:633-637. (in Chinese with English abstract).
114. Zhao G.-C., Wilde S.A., Guo J.-H., Cawood P.A., Sun M., Li X.-P. Single zircon grains record two Paleoproterozoic collisional events in the North China Craton. Precamb. Res. 2010, 177:266-276.