Incentivising collaborative conservation: Lessons from existing environmental Stewardship Scheme options

Land Use Policy

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 847-862

  Franks, Jeremy R ^a   Emery, Steven B ^a  

^a NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Agri environment schemes; Collaborative management; Collective organisations; Entry Level Stewardship plus; Environmental Stewardship Scheme; Landscape scale

Indexed keywords

AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; CONSERVATION; INTEREST RATE; LANDSCAPE; LOWLAND ENVIRONMENT; STAKEHOLDER;

EID: 84864042572     PISSN: 02648377     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2012.06.005     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Aglionby J.C.W. Commons Councils - A New Era for the Governance of Common land? A Pilot Study from Cumbria England ROOTS 2009 2009, RICS, Clare College, Cambridge, England.
2. Arnaud, S., Bonnieuz, F., Desjeux, Y., Dupraz, P., 2007. Consolidated report on farm surveys. ITAES WP8 Final Report. Integrated tools to design and implement agro-environmental schemes. INRA-ESR, Rennes, France. [accessed 3 September 2011]. https://w3.rennes.inra.fr/internet/ITAES/website/Publicdeliverables/WP8%20final%20report.pdf.
3. Bengtsson J., Ahnstrom J., Weibull A.-C. The effects of organic agriculture on biodiversity and abundance: a meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Ecology 2005, 42(2):261-269.
4. Boatman N., Ramwell C., Parry H., Jones N., Bishop J., Gaskell P., Short C., Mills J., Dwyer J. A Review of Environmental Benefits Supplied By Agri-Environment Schemes No. FST20/79/041 2008, Land Use Policy Group, London.
5. C.R.E.R. and C.J.C. Consulting, 2002. Economic evaluation of agri-environment schemes. Centre for Rural Economics Research, Department of Land Management, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
6. Colman D. Ethics and externalities: agricultural stewardship and other behaviour. Journal of Agricultural Economics 1994, 45(3):299-311.
7. Concepción E.D., Díaz M., Baquero R.A. Effect of landscape complexity on the ecological effectiveness of agri-environment schemes. Landscape Ecology 2008, 23(2):135-148.
8. Council of the European Commission. Support for Rural Development by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD). Council Regulation (EC) No 1698/2005. 32005R1698:en: NOT [accessed 15 Jan, 2011]. http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX.
9. Curtis A., De Lacy T. Landcare, stewardship and sustainable agriculture in Australia. Environmental Values 1998, 7:59-78.
10. Davies B., Blackstock K., Brown K., Shannon P. Challenges in Creating Local Agri-Environmental Cooperation Action amongst Farmers and Other Stakeholders 2004, The Macaulay Institute, Aberdeen, Scotland.
11. DEFRA Which landscape features affect species movement?. A Systematic Review in the Context of Climate Change 2008.
12. DEFRA Entry Level Stewardship, London, UK 2010, [accessed 20th November 2011]. http://naturalengland.etraderstores.com/NaturalEnglandShop/NE226, third ed.
13. DEFRA The Natural Choice: Securing the Value of Nature. White Paper on the Environment, London 2011, CM 8082, [accessed June 2011]. http://www.official-documents.gov.uk/document/cm80/8082/8082.asp.
14. DEFRA and Natural England Securing biodiversity. A new framework for delivering priority habitats and species in England. Natural England, Catelogue code NE127 2008, [accessed 30 November 2010]. http://naturalengland.etraderstores.com/NaturalEnglandShop/NE127.
15. DEFRA/Natural England Environmental Stewardship Review of Progress 2008, DEFRA, London, [accessed 23 November 2010] [online]. http://collections.europarchive.org/tna/20081027092120/http://defra.gov.uk/erdp/schemes/es/es-report.pdf.
16. Defrancesco E., Gatto P., Runge F., Trestini S. Factors affecting farmers' participation in agri-environmental measures: a Northern Italian perspective. Journal of Agricultural Economics 2008, 59(1):114-131.
17. Dietz T., Ostrom E., Stern P. The struggle to govern the commons. Science 2003, 302(1907):1907-1912.
18. Dobbs T.L., Pretty J. Case study of agri-environmental payments: the United Kingdom. Ecological Economics 2008, 65(4):765-775.
19. Donald P.F., Evans A.D. Habitat connetivity and matrix restoration: the wider implications of agri-environment schemes. Journal of Applied Ecology 2006, 43(2):209-218.
20. Dupraz P., Latouche K., Turpin N. Threshold effect and co-ordination of agri-environmental efforts. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2009, 52(5):613-630.
21. Dutton A., Edwards-Jones G., Strachan R., Macdonald D.W. Ecological and social challenges to biodiversity conservation on farmland: reconnecting habitats on a landscape scale. Mammal Review 2008, 38(2-3):205-219.
22. Emery S.B., Franks J.R. The potential for collaborative agri-environment schemes in England: can a well-designed collaborative approach address farmers' concerns with current schemes?. Journal of Rural Studies 2012, 28(3):218-231.
23. English Nature National Character Areas 2012, Available by, [accessed March 2012] [online]. http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/ourwork/landscape/englands/character/areas.
24. English Nature, 1994. The role of corridors, stepping stones and islands for species conservation in a changing climate. English Nature Research Report ENRR075, [accessed 9th July 2012]. http://publications.natural.england.org.uk/publications.
25. Eycott A., Watts K., Brandt G., Buyung-Ali L., Bowler D., Stewart G., Pullin A. Which landscape features affect species movement? A systematic review in the context of climate change. Forest Research Centre and Evidence-Based Conservation. DEFRA Research Contract CR0389 2008, [accessed 29th November 2010]. http://www.environmentalevidence.org/Documents/Completed%20Reviews/SR43.pdf.
26. Folke C., Hahn T., Olsson P., Norberg J. Adaptive governance of social-ecological systems. Annual Review of Environmental Resources 2005, 30:441-473.
27. Foresight The Future of Food and Farming, 2011. Final Project Report. The Government Office for Science, London, UK.
28. Franks J.R. The collective provision of environmental goods: a discussion of contractual issues. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 2011, 54(5):637-660.
29. Franks J.R., Mc Gloin A. Environmental co-operatives as instruments for delivering across-farm environmental and rural policy objectives: lessons for the UK. Journal of Rural Studies 2007, 23(4):472-489.
30. Gabriel D., Sait S.M., Schmutx U., Kunin W.E., Benton T.G. Scale matters: the impact of organic farming on biodiversity at different spatial scales. Ecology Letters 2010, 13(7):858-869.
31. Goldman R.L., Thompson B.R., Daily G.C. Institutional incentives for managing the landscape: inducing cooperation for the production of ecosystem services. Ecological Economics 2007, 64(2):333-343.
32. Goldman R.L., Thompson R.R., Daily G.C. Institutional incentives for managing the landscape: inducing cooperation for the production of ecosystem services. Ecological Economics 2007, 64(2):333-343.
33. Gottfried R., Wear D., Lee R. Institutional solutions to market failure on the landscape level. Ecological Economics 1996, 18(2):133-140.
34. Harvey D. Agri-environmental relationships and multi-functionality: further considerations. The World Economy 2003, 26(5):705-725.
35. Hodge I., Reader M. The introduction of Entry Level Stewardship in England: extension or dilution in agri-environment policy?. Land Use Policy 2010, 27(2):270-282.
36. Hopkins J. Adaptation of biodiversity to climate change: an ecological perspective. What is Land For. The Food, Fuel and Climate Change Debate 2009, 189-212. Earthscan, UK, (Chapter 8). M. Winter, M. Lobley (Eds.).
37. Lawton, J., 2010. Making space for nature: a review of England's wildlife sites and ecological network. Report to DEFRA. London, UK. [accessed 16th November 2010]. http://ww2.defra.gov.uk/news/2010/09/24/nature-news/.
38. Lawton, J.H., Brotherton, P.N.M., Brown, V.K., Elphick, C., Fitter, A.H., Forshaw, J., Haddow, R.W., Hilborne, S., Leafe, R.N., Mace, G.M., Southgate, M.P., Sutherland, W.A., Tew, T.E., Varley, J., Wynne, G.R., 2010. Making Space for Nature: A Review of England's Wildlife Sites and Ecological Network. A Report to Defra. London, UK. [accessed 16th November 2010]. http://ww2.defra.gov.uk/news/2010/09/24/nature-news/.
39. MacFarlane F. Implementing agri-environmental policy: a landscape ecology perspective. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 1998, 41(5):575-596.
40. Manning A.D., Gibbons P., Lindenmayer D.B. Scattered trees: a complementary strategy for facilitating adaptive responses to climate change in modified landscapes?. Journal of Applied Ecology 2009, 46(4):915-919.
41. Maxwell, J., Buttle, E., Kay, B., Pepper, S., Walker, J., 2002. Custodians of Change Report. Report of the agricultural and environment working group. Scottish Executive. [accessed 28th September 2010]. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/46729/0017653.pdf.
42. McInnes, J., 2010. Provision of selected details of all ESS agreements containing HR8 and UX1 options. (personal communication).
43. Mills, J., Gibbon, D., Dwyer, J., Short, C., Ingram, J., 2006. Identification of Delivery Mechanisms for Welsh Top-Tier Agri-Environment Schemes. Countryside Council for Wales, Policy Research Report 06-15. Cheltenham, UK.
44. Mills J., Gibbon D., Ingram J., Reed M., Short C., Dwyer J. Organising collective action for effective environmental management and social learning in Wales. Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension 2011, 17(1):69-83.
45. Natural England Common Land or Shared Grazing and Upland ELS: Supplement to the Entry Level Stewardship (ELS) Handbook. Environmental Stewardship (ES) Announcement No. 2/10 12 February 2010 2010.
46. Natural England, 2010. Environmental Stewardship Update, November 2010, Issue 12, p. 2 Table 1. [Online] [accessed 5th November 2010]. http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/Images/Environmental%20Stewardship%20Update%2012%20Final_tcm6-23195.pdf.
47. Natural England Higher Level Stewardship Environmental Stewardship Handbook 2010, [accessed 5th November 2010]. http://naturalengland.etraderstores.com/NaturalEnglandShop/NE227, third ed.
48. Natural England Doing More for Nature - Integrated Biodiversity Delivery Areas 2011, Available by, [accessed 4 September 2011] [online]. http://www.naturalengland.org.uk/ourwork/conservation/biodiversity/protectandmanage/integratedbiodiversitydeliveryareas/default.aspx.
49. Öckinger E., Schweiger O., Crist T.O., Debinski D.M., Jochen Krauss J., Mikko Kuussaari M., Petersen J.D., Pöyry J., Settele J., Summerville K.S.R.B. Life-history traits predict species responses to habitat area and isolation a cross-continental synthesis. Ecology Letters 2010, 13(8):969-979.
50. Oerlemans N.J. The Role of Farmer Co-operatives in Agricultural Management 2004, Presentation for Deutscher Landschafsplegetag, Orcholz.
51. Parkhurst G.M., Shogren J.F. Spatial incentives to coordinate contiguous habitat. Ecological Economics 2007, 64(2):344-355.
52. Parkhurst G.M., Shogren J.F., Bastian C., Kivi P., Donner J., Smith R.B.W. Cooperation bonuses: an incentive mechanism to reunite fragmented habitat for biodiversity conservation. Ecological Economics 2002, 41:305-328.
53. Polman N.B.P., Slangen L.H.G. Self-organising and self-governing of environmental co-operatives: design principles. Environmental Co-operation and Institutional Change: Theories and Policies for European agriculture 2002, 91-111. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK, (Chapter 5). K. Hagedorn (Ed.).
54. Prager K., Reed M., Scott A. Encouraging collaboration for the provision of ecosystem services at a landscape scale - rethinking agri-environmental payments. Land Use Policy 2012, 29(1):244-249.
55. Prager K., Vanclay F. Landcare in Australia and Germany: comparing structures and policies for community engagement in natural resource management. Social Research Perspective 2010, 11(3):187-193.
56. Renting H., van der Ploeg J.D. Reconnecting nature, farming and society: environmental co-operatives in the Netherlands as institutional arrangements for creating coherence. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning 2001, 3(2):85-101.
57. Rodgers C. Nature's place? Property rights, property rules and environmental stewardship. Cambridge Law Journal 2009, 68(3):550-574.
58. Rodgers C. Reversing the 'Tragedy' of the commons? Sustainable management and the Commons Act 2006. The Modern Law Review 2010, 73(3):461-486.
59. Scottish Executive, 2003. Scottish Executive Response to Custodians of Change report. [accessed March 2010]. http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2003/01/16178/16540.
60. Shreeve T.G., Dennis R.L.H. Landscape scale conservation: resources, behaviour, the matrix and opportunities. Journal of Insect Conservation 2011, 15(1-2):179-188.
61. Slangen L.H.G, Jongenell R.A., Polman N.B.P., Guldemond J.A., Hess E.M., van Well E.A.P. Economische en ecologische effectiviteit van gebiedscontracken (Economic and ecological effectiveness of collective nature and wildlife conservation contracts) 2008, Statutory Research Tasks Unit for Nature and the Environment, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
62. Slangen L.H.G., Polman N.B.P. The environmental co-operative: a new institutional arrangement. Environmental Co-operation and Institutional Change: Theories and Policies for European Agriculture 2002, 69-90. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK, (Chapter 4). K. Hagedorn (Ed.).
63. Sutherland L.-A., Gabriel D., Hathaway-Jenkins L., Pascual U., Schmutz U., Rigby D., Godwin R., Sait S.M., Sakrabani R., Kunin W.E., Benton T.G., Stagl S. The 'neighbourhood effect': a multidisciplinary assessment of the case for farmer co-ordination in agri-environmental programmes. Land Use Policy 2012, 29(3):502-512.
64. Swales V. Realising Agricultural Landscape-Scale Conservation 2009, [accessed 24th September 2012]. http://www.rspb.org.uk/Images/Landscapescale_tcm9-236040.pdf.
65. Swales V. Realising Agricultural Landscape-Scale Conservation 2012, [accessed 24th September 2012]. http://www.rspb.org.uk/Images/Landscapescale_tcm9-236040.pdf.
66. The Royal Society Reaping the Benefits. Science and the Sustainable Intensification of Global Agriculture 2009, The Royal Society, London, UK, [accessed February 2012]. http://royalsociety.org/policy/publications/2009/reaping-benefits/.
67. Tscharntke T., Klein A., Kruess A., Steffan-Dewenter I., Thies C. Landscape perspectives on agricultural intensification and biodiversity - ecosystem service management. Ecology Letters 2005, 8(7):857-874.
68. Webb, J.R., Drewitt, A.L., Measures, G.H., 2010. Managing for species: integrating the needs of England's priority species into habitat management. Part 1 report. Natural England Research Report No. 024. Sheffield, UK.
69. Whitby M. What future for ESAs?. Incentives for Countryside Management: The Case of Environmentally Sensitive Areas 1994, 1-24. CAB International, Wallingford. M. Whitby (Ed.).
70. Whitby M. Challenges and options for the UK agri-environment: presidential address. Journal of Agricultural Economics 2000, 51(3):317-332.
71. Wilson G.A. The Australian Landcare movement: towards 'post-productivist' rural governance?. Journal of Rural Studies 2004, 20(4):461-484.