The athlete's body and the global condition: Tongan rugby players in Japan

American Ethnologist

Volumn 39, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 491-510

  Besnier, Niko ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Body; Japan; Mobility; Sport; Tonga

Indexed keywords

EID: 84863994292     PISSN: 00940496     EISSN: 15481425     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1548-1425.2012.01377.x     Document Type: Article

References (102)

1. Abe, Ikuo 2006 Muscular Christianity in Japan: The Growth of a Hybrid. International Journal of the History of Sport 23(5):714-738.
2. Alegi, Peter 2010 African Soccerscapes: How a Continent Changed the World's Game. Athens : Ohio University Press.
3. Allison, Anne 1994 Nightwork: Sexuality, Pleasure, and Corporate Masculinity in a Tokyo Hostess Bar. Chicago : University of Chicago Press.
4. Ashida, Tomio 2005 A Whole New Ball Game. Japan Journal 1(12)., accessed March 2012.
5. Bale, John 1991 The Brawn Drain: Foreign Student-Athletes in American Universities. Urbana : University of Illinois Press.
6. Bale, John, and Joseph Maguire, eds. 1994 The Global Sports Arena: Athletic Talent Migration in an Interdependent World. London : Frank Cass.
7. Bardsley, Jan 2011 The Oyaji Gets a Makeover: Guides for Japanese Salarymen in the New Millennium. In Manners and Mischief: Gender, Power, and Etiquette in Japan. Jan Bardsley and Laura Miller, eds. Pp. 114-135. Berkeley : University of California Press.
8. Bashkow, Ira 2006 The Meaning of Whitemen: Race and Modernity in the Orokaiva Cultural World. Chicago : University of Chicago Press.
9. Besnier, Niko 2007 Gender and Interaction in a Globalizing World: Negotiating the Gendered Self in Tonga. In Words, Worlds, Material Girls: Language, Gender, Global Economies. Bonnie McElhinny, ed. Pp. 423-446. Berlin : Mouton de Gruyter.
10. Besnier, Niko 2009 Modernity, Cosmopolitanism, and the Emergence of Middle Classes in Tonga. Contemporary Pacific 21(2):215-262.
11. Besnier, Niko 2011 On the Edge of the Global: Modern Anxieties in a Pacific Island Nation. Stanford : Stanford University Press.
12. Blackwood, Thomas 2008 Bushidō Baseball? Three "Fathers" and the Invention of a Tradition. Social Science Japan Journal 11(2):223-240.
13. Bourdieu, Pierre 1977 Outline of a Theory of Practice. Richard Nice, trans. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
14. Bourdieu, Pierre 1979 La distinction: Critique sociale du jugement. Paris : Éditions de Minuit.
15. Bourdieu, Pierre 1988 Program for a Sociology of Sport. Sociology of Sport Journal 5(2):153-161.
16. Bourdieu, Pierre 1999 How Can One Be a Sports Fan? In The Cultural Studies Reader. 2nd edition. Simon During, ed. Pp. 427-440. London : Routledge.
17. Brown, Everett 1999 Sararīman ni natta ragāman: Shinari Ratu (ragubī, Sanyō Denki). In Ore-tachi no Nihon. Pp. 147-180. Tokyo : Shōgakukan.
18. Carter, Thomas F. 2007 Family Networks, State Interventions and the Experience of Cuban Transnational Sport Migration. International Review for the Sociology of Sport 42(4):371-389.
19. Carter, Thomas F. 2011 In Other Fields: The Politics and Experiences of Transnational Sport Migration. London : Pluto.
20. Cave, Peter 2004 Bukatsudō: The Educational Role of Japanese School Clubs. Journal of Japanese Studies 30(2):383-415.
21. Chiavacci, David 2005 Transition from University to Work under Transformation: The Changing Role of Institutional and Alumni Networks in Contemporary Japan. Social Science Japan Journal 8(1):19-41.
22. Clennell, Jake, dir. 2006 The Great Happiness Space: Tale of an Osaka Love Thief. 75 min. Jake Clennell Productions. New York
23. Cole, Jennifer 2010 Sex and Salvation: Imagining the Future in Madagascar. Chicago : University of Chicago Press.
24. Collins, Tony 2006 Rugby's Great Split: Class, Culture and the Origins of Rugby League Football. 2nd edition. London : Routledge.
25. Comaroff, Jean, and John L. Comaroff 2000 Millennial Capitalism: First Thoughts on a Second Coming. Public Culture 12(2):291-343.
26. Condry, Ian 2006 Hip-Hop Japan: Rap and the Paths of Cultural Globalization. Durham, NC : Duke University Press.
27. Csordas, Thomas J. 1994 Embodiment and Experience: The Existential Ground of Culture and Self. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
28. Darbon, Sébastien 2007 Un brève histoire du rugby. Paris : L'Oeil Neuf.
29. Darby, Paul 2000 The New Scramble for Africa: African Football Labour Migration to Europe. European Sports History Review 3:217-244.
30. Dasgupta, Romit 2009 The "Lost Decade" of the 1990s and Shifting Masculinities in Japan. Culture, Society and Masculinities 1(1):79-95.
31. Dasgupta, Romit 2010 Globalisation and the Bodily Performance of "Cool" and "Un-Cool" Masculinities in Corporate Japan. Intersections: Gender and Sexuality in Asia and the Pacific 23., accessed August.
32. De Genova, Nicholas P. 2002 Migrant "Illegality" and Deportability in Everyday Life. Annual Review of Anthropology 31:419-447.
33. Dewey, Robert F., Jr. 2008 Pacific Islands Rugby: Navigating the Global Professional Era. In The Changing Faces of Rugby: The Union Game and Professionalism since 1995. Greg Ryan, ed. Pp. 82-108. Newcastle, UK : Cambridge Scholars.
34. Dine, Philip 2001 French Rugby Football: A Cultural History. Oxford : Berg.
35. 'Esau, Raelyn Lolohea 2007 Tongan Immigrants in Japan. Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 16(2):289-300.
36. Esser, Joseph W. 2011 From Hyperghettoization to the Hut: Dilemmas of Identity among Transmigrant Tipoti in the Kingdom of Tonga. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota.
37. Fassin, Didier 2011 Policing Borders, Producing Boundaries: The Governmentality of Immigration in Dark Times. Annual Review of Anthropology 40:213-226.
38. Fujiyama, Kenji 2005 Hold on Hope. Japan Journal 2(1)., accessed March 2012.
39. Goldman, Tom 2009 Young Polynesians Make a Life out of Football. NPR, September 18., accessed August.
40. Goldsmith, Michael 2009 Who Owns Native Nature? Discourses of Rights to Land, Culture, and Knowledge in New Zealand. Special issue, "Pacific Discourses about Cultural Heritage and Its Protection, " International Journal of Cultural Property 16(3):325-339.
41. Guttmann, Allen, and Lee Thompson 2001 Japanese Sports: A History. Honolulu : University of Hawai'i Press.
42. Hall, Donald E., ed. 1994 Muscular Christianity: Embodying the Victorian Age. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
43. Hokowhitu, Brendan 2004 Tackling Māori Masculinity: Genealogy of Savagery and Sport. Contemporary Pacific 16(2):259-284.
44. Ikeguchi, Yasuo 1981 Kindai no ragubī hyaku-nenkan. Tokyo : Bēsubōru magajin-sha.
45. Jackson, Steven J., and Brendan Hokowhitu 2002 Sport, Tribes, and Technology: The New Zealand All Blacks Haka and the Politics of Identity. Journal of Sport and Social Issues 26(2):125-139.
46. Kagami Yasuyuki and Kobayashi Masao 2009 Daitō Bunka Daigaku to Tonga no ragubī pureiyā kankei-shi. Daitō Bunka Daigaku dai-ichi-kai Taiheiyō shotō shinpojiumu "Jin no idō to kankyō no henka, soshite ta bunka kyōseie" puroguramu. Program of a conference held at Daitō Bunka University, Tokyo.
47. Kelly, William W. 2007 Introduction: Sports and Sports Studies in Japan. In This Sporting Life: Sports and Body Culture in Modern Japan. William W. Kelly, ed., with Sugimoto Atsuo. Pp. 1-24. New Haven, CT : Council on East Asian Studies, Yale University.
48. Kelly, William W. 2009 Samurai Baseball: The Vicissitudes of a National Sporting Style. International Journal of the History of Sport 26(3):429-441.
49. Kelsky, Karen 2001 Women on the Verge: Japanese Women, Western Dreams. Durham, NC : Duke University Press.
50. Klein, Alan M. 1991 Sugarball: The American Game, the Dominican Dream. New Haven, CT : Yale University Press.
51. Kubo Kōki 2009 Tonga-kara no ryūgakusei purēyā sōsō-ki. Ragubī Tamashī 5:112-117.
52. Laberge, Susan, and Joanne Kay 2002 Bourdieu's Sociocultural Theory and Sport Practice. In Theory, Sport and Society. Joseph Maguire and Kevin Young, eds. Pp. 239-266. London : Elsevier.
53. Lahire, Bernard 2001 L'homme pluriel: Les ressorts de l'action. Paris : Hachette.
54. Lanfranchi, Pierre, and Matthew Taylor 2001 Moving with the Ball: The Migration of Professional Footballers. Oxford : Berg.
55. Le Blanc, Robin M. 2009 The Art of the Gut: Manhood, Power, and Ethics in Japanese Politics. Berkeley : University of California Press.
56. Lee, Helen 2003 Tongans Overseas: Between Two Shores. Honolulu : University of Hawai'i Press.
57. Light, Richard 1999 High School Rugby and the Construction of Masculinity in Japan. In Making the Rugby World: Race, Gender, Commerce. Timothy J. L. Chandler and John Nauright, eds. Pp. 105-127. London : Frank Cass.
58. Light, Richard 2000 A Centenary of Rugby and Masculinity in Japanese Schools and Universities: Continuity and Change. Sporting Traditions 16(2):87-104.
59. Linger, Daniel Touro 2001 No One Home: Brazilian Selves Remade in Japan. Stanford : Stanford University Press.
60. Longinotto, Kim, and Jano Williams, dir. 1993 Dream Girls. Documentary. 50 min. Women Make Movies. New York
61. Longman, Jeré 2008 Polynesian Pipeline Feeds a Football Titan. New York Times, October 7: A1., accessed March 2012.
62. MacAloon, John J., ed. 2007 Muscular Christianity in Colonial and Post-Colonial Worlds. London : Routledge.
63. Maguire, Joseph A. 1999 Global Sport: Identities, Societies, Civilizations. Cambridge : Polity Press.
64. Maka, 'Isitolo 1999 This Century's Not Cricket: 'Isitolo Maka Says Tongan Rugby Needs a Long Time to Become More Professional. Matangi Tonga 14(1): 32.
65. Mangan, J. A., and Takeshi Komagome 2000 Militarism, Sacrifice and Emperor Worship: The Expendable Male Body in Fascist Japanese Martial Culture. In Superman Supreme: Fascist Body as Political Icon. J. A. Mangan, ed. Pp. 181-204. London : Frank Cass.
66. Mauss, Marcel 1973[1934] Techniques of the Body. Economy and Society 2(1):70-88.
67. Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 1962[1945] Phenomenology of Perception. Colin Smith, trans. New York : Humanities Press.
68. Meyer, Birgit, and Peter Geschiere 1999 Globalization and Identity: Dialectics of Flow and Closure. In Globalization and Identity: Dialectics of Flow and Closure. Birgit Meyer and Peter Geschiere, eds. Pp. 1-15. Oxford : Basil Blackwell.
69. Miller, Aaron L. 2011 From Bushidō to Science: A New Pedagogy of Sports Coaching in Japan. Japan Forum 23(3):385-406.
70. Miller, Laura 2006 Beauty Up: Exploring Contemporary Japanese Body Aesthetics. Berkeley : University of California Press.
71. Miller, Toby, Geoffrey Lawrence, Jim McKay, and David Rowe 1999 Modifying the Sign: Sport and Globalization. Social Text 17(3):15-33.
72. Ministry of Training, Employment, Youth, and Sports, Kingdom of Tonga 2007 Corporate Plan 2007-2012. Typescript. Nuku'alofa : Kingdom of Tonga.
73. Mosse, George 1998 The Image of Man: The Creation of Modern Masculinity. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
74. Mouer, Ross E., and Hirosuke Kawanishi 2005 A Sociology of Work in Japan. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.
75. Moulton, J. Egan 1921 Moulton of Tonga. London : Epworth Press.
76. Nakajima, Nakanobu, and Kazuhiro Harakawa 2004 Gaijin (Foreigner) Sumo Wrestlers Help Japanese Tradition to March On: A Case Study of Foreigners in a Japanese Labor Market. In Changing Japanese Business, Economy and Society: Globalization of Post-Bubble Japan. Masao Nakamura, ed. Pp. 144-157. Basingstoke, UK : Palgrave Macmillan.
77. Nakamura, Karen, and Hisako Matsuo 2003 Female Masculinity and Fantasy Spaces: Transcending Genders in the Takarazuka Theatre and Japanese Popular Culture. In Men and Masculinities in Contemporary Japan: Dislocating the Salaryman Doxa. James E. Robertson and Nobue Suzuki, eds. Pp. 59-76. London : Routledge.
78. Nihon Ragubī Futtobōru Kyōkai 1964 Nihon ragubī shi. Tokyo : Nihon Ragubī Futtobōru Kyōkai.
79. Nyamnjoh, Francis 2011 Cameroonian Bushfalling: Negotiation of Identity and Belonging in Fiction and Ethnography. American Ethnologist 38(4):701-713.
80. Parreñas, Rhacel 2008 The Force of Domesticity: Filipina Migrants and Globalization. New York : NYU Press.
81. Piot, Charles 2010 Nostalgia for the Future: West Africa after the Cold War. Chicago : University of Chicago Press.
82. Putney, Clifford 2001 Muscular Christianity: Manhood and Sports in Protestant America 1880-1920. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press.
83. Robertson, Jennifer 1998 Takarazuka: Sexual Politics and Popular Culture in Modern Japan. Berkeley : University of California Press.
84. Russell, John G. 1996 Race and Reflexivity: The Black Other in Contemporary Japanese Mass Culture. In Contemporary Japan and Popular Culture. John Whittier Treat, ed. Pp. 17-40. Honolulu : University of Hawai'i Press.
85. Ryan, Greg, ed. 2005 Tackling Rugby Myths: Rugby and New Zealand Society, 1854-2004. Dunedin, New Zealand : University of Otago Press.
86. Sahlins, Marshall 1985 Islands of History. Chicago : University of Chicago Press.
87. Small, Cathy A. 1997 Voyages: From Tongan Villages to American Suburbs. Ithaca, NY : Cornell University Press.
88. Spear, Jeremy, dir. 2005 Polynesian Power: Islanders in Pro Football. 57 min. Shortstop Films. Honolulu
89. Spielvogel, Laura 2003 Working Out in Japan: Shaping the Female Body in Tokyo Fitness Clubs. Durham, NC : Duke University Press.
90. Stasch, Rupert 2009 Society of Others: Kinship and Mourning in a West Papuan Place. Berkeley : University of California Press.
91. Suzuki, Nobue 2006 Filipino Boxers and Hosts in Japan: The Feminization and Transnational Class Subjugation of Male Labour. In Perspectives on Work, Employment and Society in Japan. Peter Matanle and Wim Lunsing, eds. Pp. 206-226. New York : Palgrave.
92. Takeyama, Akiko 2010 Intimacy for Sale: Masculinity, Entrepreneurship, and Commodity Self in Japan's Neoliberal Situation. Japanese Studies 30(2):231-246.
93. Taylor, Matthew 2006 Global Players? Football, Migration and Globalization, c. 1930-2000. Historical Social Research 31(1):7-30.
94. Teaiwa, Teresia, and Sean Mallon 2005 Ambivalent Kinships? Pacific People in New Zealand. In New Zealand Identities: Departures and Destinations. James Liu, Tim McCreanor, Tracey McIntosh, and Teresia Teaiwa, eds. Pp. 207-229. Wellington, New Zealand : Victoria University Press.
95. Tierney, R. Kenji 2007 Outside the Sumo Ring? Foreigners and a Rethinking of the National Sport. In Multiculturalism in the New Japan. Nelson H. H. Graburn, John Ertl, and R. Kenji Tierney, eds. Pp. 208-217. Oxford : Berghahn.
96. Tsing, Anna Lowenhaupt 2004 Friction: An Ethnography of Global Connection. Princeton : Princeton University Press.
97. Uperesa, F. Lisaclaire 2010 Fabled Futures: Development, Gridiron Football, and Transnational Movement in American Samoa. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Columbia University.
98. Van Fossen, Anthony 2007 Citizenship for Sale: Passports of Convenience from Pacific Island Tax Havens. Commonwealth and Comparative Politics 45(2):138-163.
99. Welker, James 2008 Lilies of the Margin: Beautiful Boys and Queer Female Identities in Japan. In AsiaPacifiQueer: Rethinking Gender and Sexuality in the Asia/Pacific. Peter Jackson, Mark McLelland, Fran Martin, and Audrey Yue, eds. Pp. 46-66. Urbana : University of Illinois Press.
100. Whang Soon Hee 2007 The Body as Culture: The Case of the Sumo Wrestler. In This Sporting Life: Sports and Body Culture in Modern Japan. William W. Kelly, ed., with Sugimoto Atsuo. Pp. 193-209. New Haven, CT : Council on East Asian Studies, Yale University.
101. Willis, Katie, Brenda S. A. Yeoh, and S. M. Abdul Khader Fakhri 2004 Transnationalism as a Challenge to the Nation. In State/Nation/Transnation: Perspectives on Transnationalism in the Asia Pacific. Brenda Yeoh and Katie Willis, eds. Pp. 1-15. London : Routledge.
102. Wood, Joe 1999 The Yellow Negro. Transition 7(73):40-66.