Are you biting off more than you can chew? A case study on causes and effects of overscoping in large-scale software engineering

Information and Software Technology

Volumn 54, Issue 10, 2012, Pages 1107-1124

  Bjarnason, Elizabeth ^a   Wnuk, Krzysztof ^a   Regnell, Björn ^a  

^a LUND UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Agile requirements engineering; Case study; Empirical study; Requirements scoping; Software release planning

Indexed keywords

CORE PART; CROSS-FUNCTIONAL TEAMS; CUSTOMER EXPECTATION; EMPIRICAL STUDIES; KEY FACTORS; MARKET-DRIVEN SOFTWARES; PRIORITIZATION; REALISTIC PROJECTS; RELEASE MANAGEMENT; RELEASE PLANNING; ROOT CAUSE; SCOPE MANAGEMENT; SCOPING; SEMI STRUCTURED INTERVIEWS; SOFTWARE PRODUCTS;

COMMERCE; INDUSTRY; REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING; RESEARCH;

SOFTWARE ENGINEERING;

EID: 84863435148     PISSN: 09505849     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.infsof.2012.04.006     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. M. Abramovici, and O.C. Sieg Status and Development Trends of Product Lifecycle Management Systems 2002 Ruhr-University Bochum Germany
2. B. Alenljung, and A. Persson Portraying the practice of decision-making in requirements engineering: a case of large scale bespoke development Req. Eng. 13 2008 257 279
3. A. Aurum, E. Martin, Managing both individual and collective participation in software requirements elicitation process, in: 14th International Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences (ISCIS'99), Kusadasi, Turkey, 1999, pp. 124-131.
4. A. Aurum, C. Wohlin, Aligning Requirements with Business Objectives: a Framework for Requirements Engineering Decisions, Workshop on Requirements Engineering Decision Support, REDECS'05, 29 August-September 2, 2005, Paris, France.
5. A. Aurum, and C. Wohlin The fundamental nature of requirements engineering activities as a decision-making process Inf. Softw. Technol. 45 2003 945 954
6. A. Aurum, and C. Wohlin Requirements engineering: setting the context A. Aurum, C. Wohlin, Managing and Engineering Software Requirements 2005 Springer-Verlag Germany 1 15
7. K. Beck Extreme Programming Explained 1999 Addison-Wesley
8. K. Beck et al., The Agile Manifesto. < http://agilemanifesto.org/ > (accessed June 2011).
9. D.M. Berry, K. Czarnecki, M. Antkiewicz, M. AbdElRazik, Requirements determination is unstoppable: an experience report, in: Proceedings of the 18th International IEEE Requirements Engineering Conference, IEEE Computer Society, 2010, p. 311.
10. E. Bjarnason, K. Wnuk, B. Regnell, A case study on benefits and side-effects of agile practices in large-scale requirements engineering, in: Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Agile Requirements Engineering (AREW '11), ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2011.
11. E. Bjarnason, K. Wnuk, B. Regnell. Overscoping: reasons and consequences - a case study in decision making in software product management, in: Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Software Product Management, IEEE Computer Society, September 2010, pp. 30-39.
12. E. Bjarnason, K. Wnuk, B. Regnell, Requirements are slipping through the gaps - a case study on causes & effects of communication gaps in large-scale software development, in: 19th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference, IEEE Computer Society, 2011, pp. 37-46.
13. B. Boehm Tutorial: Software Risk Management 1989 IEEE Computer Society Press
14. P. Carlshamre, K. Sandahl, M. Lindvall, B. Regnell, J. Nattoch Dag, An industrial survey of requirements interdependencies in software product release planning, in: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, IEEE Computer Society, August 2001, Toronto, Canada, pp. 84-91. (Pubitemid 32878082)
15. P. Carlshamre, A Usability Perspective on Requirements Engineering - From Methodology to Product Development, Ph.D. Thesis, Linköping University, Sweden, 2002.
16. R.A. Carter, A.I. Anton, A. Dagnino, L. Williams, Evolving Beyond requirements creep: a risk-based evolutionary prototyping model, in: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, Toronto, Canada, August 2001, IEEE Computer Society Press, pp. 84-101.
17. N. Crockford, An Introduction to Risk Management, second ed., Woodhead-Faulkner, Cambridge, UK, 1980, p. 18.
18. M.A. Cusumano, and R.W. Selby Microsoft Secrets 1995 Simon and Schuster New York
19. J.M. DeBaud, K. Schmid, A systematic approach to derive the scope of software product lines, in: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Software Engineering, ACM, Los Angeles, USA, 1999, pp. 34-43.
20. T. DeMarco, and T. Lister Risk Management during Requirements IEEE Software 20 2003 99 101
21. T. Dybå, and T. Dingsoyr Empirical studies of agile software development: a systematic review Inf. Softw. Technol. 50 2008 833 859
22. C. Ebert, and J. De Man E-R&D - effectively managing process diversity Ann. Softw. Eng. 14 2002 73 91 (Pubitemid 37114374)
23. K. El Emam, N.H. Madhavji, A field study of requirements engineering practices in information systems development, in: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA, 1995, pp. 68-80.
24. S.R. Faulk, Product-line requirements specification (PRS): an approach and case study, in: Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA, 2001, pp. 48-55. (Pubitemid 32878078)
25. S. Fricker, T. Gorschek, and P. Myllyperkiö Handshaking between software projects and stakeholders using implementation proposals Proceedings of the International Working Conference on Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality, Trondheim, Norway, 2007, vol. 4542 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2007 Springer Berlin/Heidelberg 144 159
26. A. Gemmer Risk management moving beyond process Computer 30 1997 33 43 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.589908 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/2.589908 (Pubitemid 127546510)
27. M. Glinz, S. Berner, and S. Joos Object-oriented modeling with ADORA Inform. Syst. 27 2002 425 444 (Pubitemid 34777274)
28. T. Gorschek, and C. Wohlin Requirements abstraction model Req. Eng. 11 2005 79 101 (Pubitemid 43118936)
29. T. Hall, S. Beecham, and A. Rainer Requirements problems in twelve software companies: an empirical analysis IEEE Software 149 2002 153 160 (Pubitemid 35313950)
30. S.D.P. Harker, K.D. Eason, The change and evolution of requirements as challenge to the practice of software engineering, in: Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, San Diego, CA, USA, 1993, pp. 266-292.
31. C.L. Iacovou, and A.S. Dexter Turning around runaway information technology projects IEEE Eng. Manage. Rev. 3 2004 97 112 (Pubitemid 40060237)
32. C. Hood, S. Wiedemann, S. Fichtinger, and U. Pautz Change management interface Requirements Management - The Interface between Requirements Development and All Other Systems Engineering Processes 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg 175 191
33. M. Jorgensen, and M. Shepperd A systematic review of software development cost estimation studies IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 33 2007 33 53 (Pubitemid 46002167)
34. P. Jönsson, and M. Lindvall Impact analysis A. Aurum, C. Wohlin, Managing and Engineering Software Requirements 2005 Springer-Verlag Germany 117 142
35. J. Kabbedijk, S. Brinkkemper, S. Jansen, S.B. van der Veldt, Customer involvement in requirements management: lessons from mass market software development, in: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference, Atlanta, GA, USA, September 2009, pp. 281-286.
36. D. Karlström, and P. Runeson Combining agile methods with stage-gate project management IEEE Soft. 22 2005 43 49 (Pubitemid 40889805)
37. J. Karlsson, and K. Ryan A cost-value approach for prioritizing requirements IEEE Software 14 1997 67 74 (Pubitemid 127554991)
38. L. Karlsson, Å.G. Dahlstedt, J. Natt Och Dag, B. Regnell, and A. Persson Requirements engineering challenges in market-driven software development - an interview study with practitioners Inf. Softw. Technol. 49 2007 588 604 (Pubitemid 46602972)
39. L. Karlsson, T. Thelin, B. Regnell, P. Berander, and C. Wohlin Pair-wise comparisons versus planning game partitioning-experiments on requirements prioritisation techniques Empirical Softw. Eng. 12 2007 3 33 (Pubitemid 46190939)
40. M. Khurum, K. Aslam, T. Gorschek, A method for early requirements triage and selection utilizing product strategies, in: Proceedings of the 14th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference, IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA, 2007, pp. 97-104.
41. S. Konrad, M. Gall, Requirements engineering in the development of large-scale systems, in: Proceedings of the 16th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference, IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA, 2008, pp. 217-222.
42. A. Van Lamsweerde From system goals to software architecture M. Bernardo, P. Inverardi, Formal Methods for Software Architectures 2003 Springer
43. I. Legodi, M.L. Barry, The current challenges and status of risk management in enterprise data warehouse projects in South Africa, in: Proceedings of PICMET '10, 18-22 July 2010, pp. 1-5.
44. T.C. Lethbridge, J. Singer, and A. Forward How software engineers use documentation: the state of the practice IEEE Software 20 2003 35 39
45. Z. Lixin, A Project human resource allocation method based on software architecture and social network, in: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing, October 2008, pp. 1-6.
46. L. Macaulay, Requirements capture as a cooperative activity, in: Proceedings of the First IEEE Symposium on Requirements Engineering, USA, 1993, pp. 174-181.
47. N. Medvidovic, P. Grünbacher, A. Egyed, and B. Boehm Bridging models across the software lifecycle J. Syst. Softw. 68 2003 199 215
48. M.D. Myers, and D. Avison Qualitative Research in Information Systems 2002 Sage Publications USA
49. L. Neumann-Alkier, Think globally, act locally - does it follow the rule in multinational corporations? in: Proceedings of the Fifth European Conference on Information Systems, 1997, pp. 541-552.
50. A. Ngo-The, and G. Ruhe Decision support in requirements engineering A. Aurum, C. Wohlin, Managing and Engineering Software Requirements 2005 Springer-Verlag Germany 267 286
51. B. Nuseibeh Weaving together requirements and architectures Computer 34 2001 115 117
52. J.J. Phillips, T.W. Bothell, and G.L. Snead The Project Management Scorecard: Measuring the Success of Project Management Solutions 2002 Elsevier USA
53. M. Pikkarainen, J. Haikara, O. Salo, P. Abrahamsson, and J. Still The impact of agile practices on communication in software development Empirical Softw. Eng. 13 2008 303 337
54. C. Pohl, G. Böckle, and F.J. van der Linden Software Product Line Engineering: Foundations, Principles and Techniques 2005 Springer-Verlag New York, USA
55. C. Potts, Invented requirements and imagined customers: requirements engineering for off-the-shelf software, in: Proceedings of the Second IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, IEEE Computer Society Press, March 1995, pp. 128-131, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ISRE.1995.512553.
56. Project Management Institute, A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), 2000 Ed., Project Scope Management. Project Management Institute, Four Campus Boulevard, Newtown Square, PA 19073-3299, USA, 2000 (Chapter 5).
57. B. Ramesh, L. Cao, and R. Baskerville Agile requirements engineering practices and challenges: an empirical study Inform. Syst. J. 20 2007 449 480
58. B. Regnell, R. Berntsson-Svensson, and K. Wnuk Can we beat the complexity of very large-scale requirements engineering? B. Paech, C. Rolland, Proceedings of the 14th International conference on Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ '08), vol. 5025 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg 123 128
59. B. Regnell, and S. Brinkkemper Market-driven requirements engineering for software products A. Aurum, C. Wohlin, Managing and Engineering Software Requirements 2005 Springer-Verlag Germany 287 308
60. C. Robson Real World Research 2002 Blackwell Publishing
61. D. Rosca, S. GreenSpan, M. Feblowitz, C. Wild, A decision making methodology in support of the business rules lifecycle, in: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering, Annapolis, MD, USA, January 1997, pp. 236-246.
62. P. Runeson, A. Rainer, M. Höst, and B. Regnell Case Study Research in Software Engineering: Guidelines and Examples 2012 Wiley
63. R. Sangwan, M. Bass, N. Mullick, D.J. Paulish, and J. Kazmeier Global Software Development Handbook 2006 Auerbacj Publications Boston, MA, USA
64. P. Sawyer, Packaged software: challenges for RE, in: Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ'2000), Stockholm, June 2000.
65. P. Sawyer, I. Sommerville, G. Kotonya, Improving market-driven re processes, in: Proceedings of the International Conference on Product-Focused Software Process Improvement, Oulu, Finland, June 1999, pp. 222-236.
66. K. Schmid, A comprehensive product line scoping approach and its validation, in: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Software Engineering, IEEE Computer Society, Orlando, USA, May 19-25 2002, pp. 593-603. (Pubitemid 35009146)
67. K. Schwaber, and M. Beedle Agile Software Development with SCRUM 2002 Prentice Hall
68. M. Svahnberg, T. Gorschek, R. Feldt, R. Torkar, S. Bin Saleem, and M.U. Shafique A systematic review on strategic release planning models Inf. Softw. Technol. 52 2010 237 248
69. Case Study Material (interview instrument, questionnaire, etc) for the Before aNd After (BNA) study. < http://serg.cs.lth.se/research/experiment- packages/bna/ >.
70. K.E. Wiegers Software Requirements second ed. 2003 Microsoft Press Redmond
71. K. Wnuk, B. Regnell, L. Karlsson, What happened to our features? visualization and understanding of scope change dynamics in a large-scale industrial setting, in: Proceedings of the 17th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference, IEEE Computer Society Press, September 2009, Atlanta, GA, USA, pp. 89-98, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/RE.2009.32.
72. I. van de Weerd, S. Brinkkemper, R. Nieuwenhuis, J. Versendaal, L. Bijlsma, Towards a reference framework for software product management, requirements engineering, in: 14th IEEE Internal Conference, September 2006, pp. 319-322.
73. C. Wohlin, A. Aurum. What is important when deciding to include a software requirement in a project or release?, in: 4th Symposium on Empirical, Software Engineering, 17-18 November 2005, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ISESE. 2005.1541833. (Pubitemid 44462610)