메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 287, Issue 27, 2012, Pages 22910-22918

Structural insights into the substrate specificity of Streptococcus pneumoniae β(1,3)-galactosidase BgaC

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACTIVE SITE; ACTIVITY ASSAYS; AROMATIC RESIDUES; CATALYTIC DOMAINS; COMPLEX STRUCTURE; CONFORMATIONAL CHANGE; GALACTOSIDASES; HOMODIMERS; HOST MOLECULES; HYDROLYSIS ACTIVITY; KEY RESIDUES; N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE; SIDE WALLS; SITE DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; STRUCTURAL INSIGHTS; SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY; VIRULENCE FACTORS;

EID: 84863300900     PISSN: 00219258     EISSN: 1083351X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M112.367128     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (34)

References (46)
  • 1
    • 40949162838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factors in host respiratory colonization and disease
    • DOI 10.1038/nrmicro1871, PII NRMICRO1871
    • Kadioglu, A., Weiser, J. N., Paton, J. C., and Andrew, P. W. (2008) The role of Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factors in host respiratory colonization and disease. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6, 288-301 (Pubitemid 351404773)
    • (2008) Nature Reviews Microbiology , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 288-301
    • Kadioglu, A.1    Weiser, J.N.2    Paton, J.C.3    Andrew, P.W.4
  • 2
    • 0024222506 scopus 로고
    • Role of attachment for the virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Andersson, B., Gray, B., and Eden, C. S. (1988) Role of attachment for the virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Acta Otolaryngol. Suppl. 454, 163-166 (Pubitemid 19017721)
    • (1988) Acta Oto-Laryngologica, Supplement , vol.106 , Issue.454 , pp. 163-166
    • Andersson, B.1    Gray, B.2    Svanborg, E.C.3
  • 3
    • 0027999183 scopus 로고
    • A neuraminidase from Streptococcus pneumoniae has the features of a surface protein
    • Cámara, M., Boulnois, G. J., Andrew, P. W., and Mitchell, T. J. (1994) A neuraminidase from Streptococcus pneumoniae has the features of a surface protein. Infect. Immun. 62, 3688-3695 (Pubitemid 24264308)
    • (1994) Infection and Immunity , vol.62 , Issue.9 , pp. 3688-3695
    • Camara, M.1    Boulnois, G.J.2    Andrew, P.W.3    Mitchell, T.J.4
  • 4
    • 0033808837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Streptococcus pneumoniae β-galactosidase is a surface protein
    • Zähner, D., and Hakenbeck, R. (2000) The Streptococcus pneumoniae β-galactosidase is a surface protein. J. Bacteriol. 182, 5919-5921
    • (2000) J. Bacteriol. , vol.182 , pp. 5919-5921
    • Zähner, D.1    Hakenbeck, R.2
  • 5
    • 0036047758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale identification of serotype 4 Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factors
    • Hava, D. L., and Camilli, A. (2002) Large-scale identification of serotype 4 Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factors. Mol. Microbiol. 45, 1389-1406
    • (2002) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.45 , pp. 1389-1406
    • Hava, D.L.1    Camilli, A.2
  • 7
    • 33645087140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deglycosylation of human glycoconjugates by the sequential activities of exoglycosidases expressed by Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • King, S. J., Hippe, K. R., and Weiser, J. N. (2006) Deglycosylation of human glycoconjugates by the sequential activities of exoglycosidases expressed by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mol. Microbiol. 59, 961-974
    • (2006) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.59 , pp. 961-974
    • King, S.J.1    Hippe, K.R.2    Weiser, J.N.3
  • 8
    • 0033083062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of lacto-N-neotetraose, asialoganglioside-GM1 and neuraminidase on adherence of otitis media-associated serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae to chinchilla tracheal epithelium
    • DOI 10.1006/mpat.1998.0257
    • Tong, H. H., McIver, M. A., Fisher, L. M., and DeMaria, T. F. (1999) Effect of lacto-N-neotetraose, asialoganglioside-GM1, and neuraminidase on adherence of otitis media-associated serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae to chinchilla tracheal epithelium. Microb. Pathog. 26, 111-119 (Pubitemid 29106283)
    • (1999) Microbial Pathogenesis , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 111-119
    • Tong, H.H.1    McIver, M.A.2    Fisher, L.M.3    DeMaria, T.F.4
  • 9
    • 37549072622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae on human glycoconjugates is dependent upon the sequential activity of bacterial exoglycosidases
    • Burnaugh, A. M., Frantz, L. J., and King, S. J. (2008) Growth of Streptococcus pneumoniae on human glycoconjugates is dependent upon the sequential activity of bacterial exoglycosidases. J. Bacteriol 190, 221-230
    • (2008) J. Bacteriol , vol.190 , pp. 221-230
    • Burnaugh, A.M.1    Frantz, L.J.2    King, S.J.3
  • 10
    • 73449094219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of novel β-galactosidase activity that contributes to glycoprotein degradation and virulence in Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Terra, V. S., Homer, K. A., Rao, S. G., Andrew, P. W., and Yesilkaya, H. (2010) Characterization of novel β-galactosidase activity that contributes to glycoprotein degradation and virulence in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infect. Immun. 78, 348-357
    • (2010) Infect. Immun. , vol.78 , pp. 348-357
    • Terra, V.S.1    Homer, K.A.2    Rao, S.G.3    Andrew, P.W.4    Yesilkaya, H.5
  • 11
    • 65549094677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of the Streptococcus pneumoniae BgaC protein as a novel surface β-galactosidase with specific hydrolysis activity for the Galß1-3GlcNAc moiety of oligosaccharides
    • Jeong, J. K., Kwon, O., Lee, Y. M., Oh, D. B., Lee, J. M., Kim, S., Kim, E. H., Le, T. N., Rhee, D. K., and Kang, H. A. (2009) Characterization of the Streptococcus pneumoniae BgaC protein as a novel surface β-galactosidase with specific hydrolysis activity for the Galß1-3GlcNAc moiety of oligosaccharides. J. Bacteriol. 191, 3011-3023
    • (2009) J. Bacteriol. , vol.191 , pp. 3011-3023
    • Jeong, J.K.1    Kwon, O.2    Lee, Y.M.3    Oh, D.B.4    Lee, J.M.5    Kim, S.6    Kim, E.H.7    Le, T.N.8    Rhee, D.K.9    Kang, H.A.10
  • 12
    • 0030733350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and sequence-based classification of glycoside hydrolases
    • DOI 10.1016/S0959-440X(97)80072-3
    • Henrissat, B., and Davies, G. (1997) Structural and sequence-based classification of glycoside hydrolases. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 7, 637-644 (Pubitemid 27472582)
    • (1997) Current Opinion in Structural Biology , vol.7 , Issue.5 , pp. 637-644
    • Henrissat, B.1    Davies, G.2
  • 13
    • 0018341922 scopus 로고
    • Purification and properties of an inducible β-galactosidase isolated from the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis
    • Dickson, R. C., Dickson, L. R., and Markin, J. S. (1979) Purification and properties of an inducible β-galactosidase isolated from the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. J. Bacteriol 137, 51-61 (Pubitemid 9093917)
    • (1979) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.137 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-61
    • Dickson, R.C.1    Dickson, L.R.2    Markin, J.S.3
  • 14
    • 34548544332 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Purification of β-galactosidase from Erythrina indica: Involvement of tryptophan in active site
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bbagen.2007.07.002, PII S0304416507001547
    • Kestwal, R. M., and Bhide, S. V. (2007) Purification of β-galactosidase from Erythrina indica. Involvement of tryptophan in active site. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1770, 1506-1512 (Pubitemid 47384995)
    • (2007) Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects , vol.1770 , Issue.10 , pp. 1506-1512
    • Kestwal, R.M.1    Bhide, S.V.2
  • 15
    • 0032845616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a thermostable extracellular beta-galactosidase from a thermophilic fungus Rhizomucor sp.
    • DOI 10.1016/S0304-4165(99)00138-5, PII S0304416599001385
    • Shaikh, S. A., Khire, J. M., and Khan, M. I. (1999) Characterization of a thermostable extracellular beta-galactosidase from a thermophilic fungus Rhizomucor sp. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1472, 314-322 (Pubitemid 29486542)
    • (1999) Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects , vol.1472 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 314-322
    • Shaikh, S.A.1    Khire, J.M.2    Khan, M.I.3
  • 16
    • 0033806791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of the normal canine β-galactosidase gene and its mutation in a dog model of GM1-gangliosidosis
    • Wang, Z. H., Zeng, B., Shibuya, H., Johnson, G. S., Alroy, J., Pastores, G. M., Raghavan, S., and Kolodny, E. H. (2000) Isolation and characterization of the normal canine β-galactosidase gene and its mutation in a dog model of GM1-gangliosidosis. J. inherit. Metab. Dis. 23, 593-606
    • (2000) J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. , vol.23 , pp. 593-606
    • Wang, Z.H.1    Zeng, B.2    Shibuya, H.3    Johnson, G.S.4    Alroy, J.5    Pastores, G.M.6    Raghavan, S.7    Kolodny, E.H.8
  • 17
    • 0029645404 scopus 로고
    • Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases
    • Davies, G., and Henrissat, B. (1995) Structures and mechanisms of glycosyl hydrolases. Structure 3, 853-859
    • (1995) Structure , vol.3 , pp. 853-859
    • Davies, G.1    Henrissat, B.2
  • 18
    • 0026055308 scopus 로고
    • A classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities
    • Henrissat, B. (1991) A classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities. Biochem. J. 280, 309-316
    • (1991) Biochem. J. , vol.280 , pp. 309-316
    • Henrissat, B.1
  • 19
    • 0027225980 scopus 로고
    • New families in the classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities
    • Henrissat, B., and Bairoch, A. (1993) New families in the classification of glycosyl hydrolases based on amino acid sequence similarities. Biochem. J. 293, 781-788 (Pubitemid 23244564)
    • (1993) Biochemical Journal , vol.293 , Issue.3 , pp. 781-788
    • Henrissat, B.1    Bairoch, A.2
  • 20
    • 0029929874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updating the sequence-based classification of glycosyl hydrolases [1]
    • Henrissat, B., and Bairoch, A. (1996) Updating the sequence-based classification of glycosyl hydrolases. Biochem. J. 316, 695-696 (Pubitemid 26182174)
    • (1996) Biochemical Journal , vol.316 , Issue.2 , pp. 695-696
    • Henrissat, B.1    Bairoch, A.2
  • 21
    • 0028956984 scopus 로고
    • β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase, family A cellulases, family F xylanases, and two barley glycanases form a superfamily of enzymes with 8-fold β/α architecture and with two conserved glutamates near the carboxyl-terminal ends of β-strands four and seven
    • Jenkins, J., Lo Leggio, L., Harris, G., and Pickersgill, R. (1995) β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase, family A cellulases, family F xylanases, and two barley glycanases form a superfamily of enzymes with 8-fold β/α architecture and with two conserved glutamates near the carboxyl-terminal ends of β-strands four and seven. FEBS Lett. 362, 281-285
    • (1995) FEBS Lett. , vol.362 , pp. 281-285
    • Jenkins, J.1    Lo Leggio, L.2    Harris, G.3    Pickersgill, R.4
  • 22
    • 0028178377 scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional structure of β-galactosidase from E. coli
    • Jacobson, R. H., Zhang, X. J., DuBose, R. F., and Matthews, B. W. (1994 Three-dimensional structure of β-galactosidase from E. coli. Nature 369, 761-766
    • (1994) Nature , vol.369 , pp. 761-766
    • Jacobson, R.H.1    Zhang, X.J.2    DuBose, R.F.3    Matthews, B.W.4
  • 25
    • 0036968554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trimeric crystal structure of the glycoside hydrolase family 42 β-galactosidase from Thermus thermophilus A4 and the structure of its complex with galactose
    • DOI 10.1016/S0022-2836(02)00746-5
    • Hidaka, M., Fushinobu, S., Ohtsu, N., Motoshima, H., Matsuzawa, H., Shoun, H., and Wakagi, T. (2002) Trimeric crystal structure of the glycoside hydrolase family 42 β-galactosidase from Thermus thermophilus A4 and the structure of its complex with galactose. J. Mol. Biol. 322, 79-91 (Pubitemid 36132672)
    • (2002) Journal of Molecular Biology , vol.322 , Issue.1 , pp. 79-91
    • Hidaka, M.1    Fushinobu, S.2    Ohtsu, N.3    Motoshima, H.4    Matsuzawa, H.5    Shoun, H.6    Wakagi, T.7
  • 26
    • 84860341392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural analysis, enzymatic characterization, and catalytic mechanisms of β-galactosidase from Bacillus circulans sp. alkalophilus
    • Maksimainen, M., Paavilainen, S., Hakulinen, N., and Rouvinen, J. (2012) Structural analysis, enzymatic characterization, and catalytic mechanisms of β-galactosidase from Bacillus circulans sp. alkalophilus. FEBS J. 279, 1788-1798
    • (2012) FEBS J. , vol.279 , pp. 1788-1798
    • Maksimainen, M.1    Paavilainen, S.2    Hakulinen, N.3    Rouvinen, J.4
  • 27
    • 0031554925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of the β-glycosidase from the hyperthermophilic archeon sulfolobus solfataricus: Resilience as a key factor in thermostability
    • DOI 10.1006/jmbi.1997.1215
    • Aguilar, C. F., Sanderson, I., Moracci, M., Ciaramella, M., Nucci, R., Rossi, M., and Pearl, L. H. (1997) Crystal structure of the β-glycosidase from the hyperthermophilic archeon Sulfolobus solfataricus. Resilience as a key factor in thermostability. J. Mol. Biol. 271, 789-802 (Pubitemid 27376054)
    • (1997) Journal of Molecular Biology , vol.271 , Issue.5 , pp. 789-802
    • Aguilar, C.F.1    Sanderson, I.2    Moracci, M.3    Ciaramella, M.4    Nucci, R.5    Rossi, M.6    Pearl, L.H.7
  • 29
    • 79952445041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structures of Trichoderma reesei β-galactosidase reveal conformational changes in the active site
    • Maksimainen, M., Hakulinen, N., Kallio, J. M., Timoharju, T., Turunen, O., and Rouvinen, J. (2011) Crystal structures of Trichoderma reesei β-galactosidase reveal conformational changes in the active site. J. Struct. Biol. 174, 156-163
    • (2011) J. Struct. Biol. , vol.174 , pp. 156-163
    • Maksimainen, M.1    Hakulinen, N.2    Kallio, J.M.3    Timoharju, T.4    Turunen, O.5    Rouvinen, J.6
  • 30
    • 84863393252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of human β-galactosidase. The structural basis of GM1 gangliosidosis and Morquio B diseases
    • Ohto, U., Usui, K., Ochi, T., Yuki, K., Satow, Y., and Shimizu, T. (2012) Crystal structure of human β-galactosidase. The structural basis of GM1 gangliosidosis and Morquio B diseases. J. Biol. Chem. 287, 1801-1812
    • (2012) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.287 , pp. 1801-1812
    • Ohto, U.1    Usui, K.2    Ochi, T.3    Yuki, K.4    Satow, Y.5    Shimizu, T.6
  • 31
    • 0015358804 scopus 로고
    • Human small intestine β-galactosidases. specific assay of three different enzymes
    • Asp, N. G., and Dahlqvist, A. (1972) Human small intestine β-galactosidases. specific assay of three different enzymes. Anal. Biochem. 47, 527-538
    • (1972) Anal. Biochem. , vol.47 , pp. 527-538
    • Asp, N.G.1    Dahlqvist, A.2
  • 32
    • 0014669606 scopus 로고
    • Separation and isolation of rat and human intestinal β- galactosidases
    • Alpers, D. H. (1969) Separation and isolation of rat and human intestinal β-galactosidases. J. Biol. Chem. 244, 1238-1246
    • (1969) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.244 , pp. 1238-1246
    • Alpers, D.H.1
  • 33
    • 0015909646 scopus 로고
    • The purification and properties of β-galactosidase from bovine testes
    • Distler, J. J., and Jourdian, G. W. (1973) The purification and properties of β-galactosidase from bovine testes. J. Biol. Chem. 248, 6772-6780
    • (1973) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.248 , pp. 6772-6780
    • Distler, J.J.1    Jourdian, G.W.2
  • 34
    • 0032923813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural comparisons of TIM barrel proteins suggest functional and evolutionary relationships between β-galactosidase and other glycohydrolases
    • Juers, D. H., Huber, R. E., and Matthews, B. W. (1999) Structural comparisons of TIM barrel proteins suggest functional and evolutionary relationships between β-galactosidase and other glycohydrolases. Protein Sci. 8, 122-136 (Pubitemid 29035526)
    • (1999) Protein Science , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 122-136
    • Juers, D.H.1    Huber, R.E.2    Matthews, B.W.3
  • 35
    • 0033820067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High resolution refinement of β-galactosidase in a new crystal form reveals multiple metal-binding sites and provides a structural basis for α-complementation
    • Juers, D. H., Jacobson, R. H., Wigley, D., Zhang, X. J., Huber, R. E., Tronrud, D. E., and Matthews, B. W. (2000) High resolution refinement of β-galactosidase in a new crystal form reveals multiple metal-binding sites and provides a structural basis for α-complementation. Protein Sci. 9, 1685-1699
    • (2000) Protein Sci. , vol.9 , pp. 1685-1699
    • Juers, D.H.1    Jacobson, R.H.2    Wigley, D.3    Zhang, X.J.4    Huber, R.E.5    Tronrud, D.E.6    Matthews, B.W.7
  • 36
    • 0003785155 scopus 로고
    • Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
    • Miller, J. H. (1972) Experiments in Molecular Genetics, pp. 398-404, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
    • (1972) Experiments in Molecular Genetics , pp. 398-404
    • Miller, J.H.1
  • 37
    • 27644576506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the monosaccharide components in Angelica polysaccharides by high performance liquid chromatography
    • DOI 10.2116/analsci.21.1177
    • Yang, X., Zhao, Y., Wang, Q., Wang, H., and Mei, Q. (2005) Analysis of the monosaccharide components in Angelica polysaccharides by high performance liquid chromatography. Anal. Sci. 21, 1177-1180 (Pubitemid 41563428)
    • (2005) Analytical Sciences , vol.21 , Issue.10 , pp. 1177-1180
    • Yang, X.1    Zhao, Y.2    Wang, Q.3    Wang, H.4    Mei, Q.5
  • 38
    • 0024355993 scopus 로고
    • High-performance liquid chromatography of reducing carbohydrates as strongly ultraviolet-absorbing and electrochemically sensitive 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone derivatives
    • Honda, S., Akao, E., Suzuki, S., Okuda, M., Kakehi, K., and Nakamura, J. (1989) High-performance liquid chromatography of reducing carbohydrates as strongly ultraviolet-absorbing and electrochemically sensitive 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone derivatives. Anal. Biochem. 180, 351-357 (Pubitemid 19198072)
    • (1989) Analytical Biochemistry , vol.180 , Issue.2 , pp. 351-357
    • Honda, S.1    Akao, E.2    Suzuki, S.3    Okuda, M.4    Kakehi, K.5    Nakamura, J.6
  • 41
    • 84982036435 scopus 로고
    • Exoglucosidase activity and substrate specificity of the β-glycosidase isolated from the extreme thermophile Sulfolobus solfataricus
    • Nucci, R., Moracci, M., Vaccaro, C., Vespa, N., and Rossi, M. (1993) Exoglucosidase activity and substrate specificity of the β-glycosidase isolated from the extreme thermophile Sulfolobus solfataricus. Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 17, 239-250
    • (1993) Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. , vol.17 , pp. 239-250
    • Nucci, R.1    Moracci, M.2    Vaccaro, C.3    Vespa, N.4    Rossi, M.5
  • 42
    • 0031015902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nomenclature for sugar-binding subsites in glycosyl hydrolases [1]
    • Davies, G. J., Wilson, K. S., and Henrissat, B. (1997) Nomenclature for sugar-binding subsites in glycosyl hydrolases. Biochem. J. 321, 557-559 (Pubitemid 27056509)
    • (1997) Biochemical Journal , vol.321 , Issue.2 , pp. 557-559
    • Davies, G.J.1    Wilson, K.S.2    Henrissat, B.3
  • 43
    • 0037452499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trp-999 of β-galactosidase (Escherichia coli) is a key residue for binding, catalysis, and synthesis of allolactose, the natural Lac operon inducer
    • DOI 10.1021/bi0270642
    • Huber, R. E., Hakda, S., Cheng, C., Cupples, C. G., and Edwards, R. A. (2003) Trp-999 of β-galactosidase (Escherichia coli) is a key residue for binding, catalysis, and synthesis of allolactose, the natural lac operon inducer. Biochemistry 42, 1796-1803 (Pubitemid 36205989)
    • (2003) Biochemistry , vol.42 , Issue.6 , pp. 1796-1803
    • Huber, R.E.1    Hakda, S.2    Cheng, C.3    Cupples, C.G.4    Edwards, R.A.5
  • 45
    • 0024297354 scopus 로고
    • Multiple sequence alignment with hierarchical clustering
    • Corpet, F. (1988) Multiple sequence alignment with hierarchical clustering. Nucleic Acids Res. 16, 10881-10890
    • (1988) Nucleic Acids Res. , vol.16 , pp. 10881-10890
    • Corpet, F.1
  • 46
    • 0043123208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ESPript/ENDscript: Extracting and rendering sequence and 3D information from atomic structures of proteins
    • DOI 10.1093/nar/gkg556
    • Gouet, P., Robert, X., and Courcelle, E. (2003) ESPript/ENDscript. Extracting and rendering sequence and 3D information from atomic structures of proteins. Nucleic Acids Res. 31, 3320-3323 (Pubitemid 37442149)
    • (2003) Nucleic Acids Research , vol.31 , Issue.13 , pp. 3320-3323
    • Gouet, P.1    Robert, X.2    Courcelle, E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.