Does accessibility to antiretroviral care improve after down-referral of patients from hospitals to health centres in rural South Africa?

African Journal of AIDS Research

Volumn 10, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 393-401

  Moshabela, Mosa ^a   Schneider, Helen ^b   Cleary, Susan M ^c   Pronyk, Paul M ^d,e   Eyles, John ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF THE WESTERN CAPE   (South Africa)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

^d Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^e 475 Riverside Drive   (United States)

^f MCMASTER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Adherence; Affordability; Antiretroviral therapy; HIV AIDS; Primary healthcare; Programme evaluation; Resourcepoor settings; Rural communities

Indexed keywords

ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT;

ADULT; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; ANTIVIRAL THERAPY; CONSULTATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; COST; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; DOWN REFERRAL; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE AVAILABILITY; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HEALTH CENTER; HEALTH PROGRAM; HOSPITAL; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEAL; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PATIENT REFERRAL; PATIENT TRANSPORT; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE; REVIEW; RURAL AREA; SOUTH AFRICA; STIGMA; TIME; TREATMENT DURATION;

EID: 84862997561     PISSN: 16085906     EISSN: 17279445     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2989/16085906.2011.646654     Document Type: Review

References (32)

1. Assefa, Y., Van Damme, W., Mariam, D.H. & Kloos, H. (2010) Toward universal access to HIV counseling and testing and antiretroviral treatment in Ethiopia: looking beyond HIV testing and ART initiation. AIDS Patient Care and STDs 24(8), pp. 521-525.
2. Bedelu, M., Ford, N., Hilderbrand, K. & Reuter, H. (2007) Implementing antiretroviral therapy in rural communities: the Lusikisiki model of decentralized HIV/AIDS care. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 196(supplement 3), pp. S464-S468.
3. Bemelmans, M., Van Den Akker, T., Ford, N., Philips, M., Zachariah, R., Harries, A., Schouten, E., Hermann, K., Mwagomba, B. & Massaquoi, M. (2010) Providing universal access to antiretroviral therapy in Thyolo, Malawi, through task-shifting and decentralization of HIV/AIDS care. Tropical Medicine and International Health 15(12), pp. 1413-1420.
4. Boyer, S., Eboko, F., Camara, M., Abé, C., Nguini, M.E.O., Koulla-Shiro, S. & Moatti, J.-P. (2010) Scaling up access to antiretroviral treatment for HIV infection: the impact of decentralization of healthcare delivery in Cameroon. AIDS 24(supplement 1), pp. S5-S15.
5. Chan, A.K., Mateyu, G., Jahn, A., Schouten, E., Arora, P., Mlotha, W., Kambanji, M. & Van Lettow, M. (2010) Outcome assessment of decentralization of antiretroviral therapy provision in a rural district of Malawi using an integrated primary care model. Tropical Medicine and International Health 15(supplement 1), pp. S90-S97.
6. Cleary, S. (2010) Equity and efficiency in scaling up access to HIV-related interventions in resource-limited settings. Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS 5(3), pp. 210-214.
7. Cleary, S., Silal, S., Birch, S., Carrara, H., Pillay-Van Wyk, V., Rehle, T. & Schneider, H. (2010) Equity in the use of antiretroviral treatment in the public healthcare system in urban South Africa. Health Policy 99(3), pp. 261-266.
8. Cooke, G.S., Tanser, F.C., Bärnighausen, T.W. & Newell, M.-L. (2010) Population uptake of antiretroviral treatment through primary care in rural South Africa. BMC Public Health 10; doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-585.
9. Cornell, M., Grimsrud, A., Fairall, L., Fox, M.P., Van Cutsem, G., Giddy, J., Wood, R., Prozesky, H., Mohapi, L., Graber, C., Egger, M., Boulle, A. & Myer, L.; International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS in Southern Africa (IeDEA-SA) Collaboration (2010) Temporal changes in programme outcomes among adult patients initiating antiretroviral therapy across South Africa, 2002-2007. AIDS 24(14), pp. 2263-2270.
10. Decroo, T., Panunzi, I., Das Dores, C., Maldonado, F., Biot, M., Ford, N. & Chu, K. (2009) Lessons learned during down referral of antiretroviral treatment in Tete, Mozambique. Journal of the International AIDS Society 12; doi: 10.1186/1758-2652-12-6.
11. Department of Health [South Africa] (2010) National Antenatal Sentinel HIV and Syphilis Prevalence Survey in South Africa, 2009. Pretoria, South Africa, National Department of Health.
12. Fatti, G., Grimwood, A. & Bock, P. (2010) Better antiretroviral therapy outcomes at primary healthcare facilities: an evaluation of three tiers of ART services in four South African provinces. PLoS ONE 5; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012888.
13. Fox, M.P. & Rosen, S. (2010) Patient retention in antiretroviral therapy programs up to three years on treatment in sub-Saharan Africa, 2007-2009: systematic review. Tropical Medicine and International Health 15(supplement 1), pp. 1-15.
14. Giordano, T.P., Gifford, A.l., White Jr, A.C., Suarez-Almazor, M.E., Rabeneck, L., Hartman, C., Backus, L.I., Mole, L.A. & Morgan, R.O. (2007) Retention in care: a challenge to survival with HIV infection. Clinical Infectious Diseases 44(11), pp. 1493-1499.
15. Goudge, J., Gilson, L., Russell, S., Gumede, T. & Mills, A. (2009a) Affordability, availability and acceptability barriers to health care for the chronically ill: longitudinal case studies from South Africa. BMC Health Services Research 9; doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-9-75.
16. Goudge, J., Gilson, L., Russell, S., Gumede, T. & Mills, A. (2009b) The household costs of healthcare in rural South Africa with free public primary care and hospital exemptions for the poor. Tropical Medicine and International Health 14(4), pp. 458-467.
17. Habicht, J.P., Victoria, C.G. & Vaughan, J.P. (1999) Evaluation designs for adequacy, plausibility and probability of public health programme performance and impact. International Journal of Epidemiology 28(1), pp. 10-18.
18. Harries, A.D., Zachariah, R., Lawn, S.D. & Rosen, S. (2010) Strategies to improve patient retention on antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa. Tropical Medicine and International Health 15(supplement 1), pp. 70-75.
19. Kunihira, N.R., Nuwaha, F., Mayanja, R. & Peterson, S. (2010) Barriers to use of antiretroviral drugs in Rakai district of Uganda. African Health Sciences 10(2), pp. 120-129.
20. Lawn, S.D., Harries, A.D., Anglaret, X., Myer, L. & Wood, R. (2008) Early mortality among adults accessing antiretroviral treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS 22(15), pp. 1897-1908.
21. McGuire, M., Munyenyembe, T., Szumilin, E., Heinzelmann, A., Le Paih, M., Bouithy, N. & Pujades-Rodriguez, M. (2010) Vital status of pre-ART and ART patients defaulting from care in rural Malawi. Tropical Medicine and International Health 15(supplement 1), pp. 55-62.
22. McIntyre, D., Thiede, M. & Birch, S. (2009) Access as a policyrelevant concept in low- and middle-income countries. Health Economics, Policy and Law 4(2), pp. 179-193.
23. Miller, C.M., Ketlhapile, M., Rybasack-Smith, H. & Rosen, S. (2010) Why are antiretroviral treatment patients lost to follow-up? A qualitative study from South Africa. Tropical Medicine and International Health 15(supplement 1), pp. 48-54.
24. Moodley, K. (2007) Mpumalanga Province. In: Barron, P., Day, C. & Monticelli, F. (eds.) The District Health Barometer 2007/08. Durban, South africa, Health Systems Trust.
25. Pfeiffer, J., Montoya, P., Baptista, A.J., Karagianis, M., De Morais Pugas, M., Micek, M., Johnson, W., Sherr, K., Gimbel, S., Baird, S., Lambdin, B. & Gloyd, S. (2010) Integration of HIV/AIDS services into African primary health care: lessons learned for health system strengthening in Mozambique - a case study. Journal of the International AIDS Society 13; doi: 10.1186/1758-2652-13-3.
26. Posse, M. & Baltussen, R. (2009) Barriers to access to antiretroviral treatment in Mozambique, as perceived by patients and health workers in urban and rural settings. AIDS Patient Care and STDs 23(10), pp. 867-875.
27. Sanne, I., Orrell, C., Fox, M.P., Conradie, F., Ive, P., Zeinecker, J., Cornell, M., Heiberg, C., Ingram, C., Panchia, R., Rassool, M., Gonin, R., Stevens, W., Truter, H., Dehlinger, M., Van Der Horst, C., McIntyre, J. & Wood, R. (2010) Nurse versus doctor management of HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (CIPRA-SA): a randomised non-inferiority trial. The Lancet 376(9734), pp. 33-40.
28. Thiede, M., Akweongo, P. & McIntyre, D. (2007) Exploring the dimensions of access. In: McIntyre, D. & Mooney, G. (eds.) The Economics of Health Equity. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press.
29. Topp, S.M., Chipukuma, J.M., Giganti, M., Mwango, L.K., Chiko, L.M., Tambatamba-Chapula, B., Wamulume, C.S. & Reid, S. (2010) Strengthening health systems at facility-level: feasibility of integrating antiretroviral therapy into primary healthcare services in Lusaka, Zambia. PLoS ONE 5; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011522.
30. UNAIDS (2010) UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic 2010. Geneva, UNAIDS.
31. Wouters, E., Heunis, C., Van Rensburg, D. & Meulemans, H. (2008) Patient satisfaction with antiretroviral services at primary healthcare facilities in the Free State, South Africa - a two-year study using four waves of cross-sectional data. BMC Health Services Research 8; doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-8-210.
32. Xu, K., Evans, D.B., Carrin, G., Aguilar-Rivera, A.M., Musgrove, P. & Evans, T. (2007) Protecting households from catastrophic health spending. Health Affairs 26(4), pp. 972-983.