HS-SPME/GC-MS analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds emitted from municipal sewage sludge

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

Volumn 184, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 2893-2907

  Kotowska, Urszula ^a   Żalikowski, Maciej ^a   Isidorov, Valery A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIALYSTOK   (Poland)

Author keywords

GC MS; HS SPME; Organic compounds; Sewage sludge

Indexed keywords

CARBONYL COMPOUNDS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HEXANE; HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES; MASS SPECTROMETRY; ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; PARAFFINS; SEWAGE SLUDGE; SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; WASTEWATER TREATMENT; XYLENE;

GC-MS; HEAD-SPACE SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; HS-SPME; INDEPENDENT PARAMETERS; MUNICIPAL SEWAGE SLUDGE; MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT; QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATIONS; SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS;

CHLORINE COMPOUNDS;

1,3,5 TRIMETHYLBENZENE; 2 BUTANONE; ACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER; ACETONE; ALCOHOL; ALCOHOL DERIVATIVE; ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON; AROMATIC HYDROCARBON; CARBONYL DERIVATIVE; CHLORINE; CHLOROFORM; DECANE; DICHLOROMETHANE; DIMETHYL SULFIDE; DODECANE; ESTER; ETHER; ETHYLBENZENE; HEXANE; INDOLE DERIVATIVE; LIMONENE; METHANOL; NITROGEN; ORTHO XYLENE; PARA XYLENE; PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE; SULFUR; TRIMETHYLAMINE; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND;

DETECTION METHOD; EXTRACTION METHOD; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; IDENTIFICATION METHOD; MASS SPECTROMETRY; ORGANIC POLLUTANT; SEWAGE; SEWAGE TREATMENT; SLUDGE; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; ORGANIC POLLUTION; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RELIABILITY; SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT; SLUDGE; SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT;

EID: 84862901058     PISSN: 01676369     EISSN: 15732959     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-011-2158-8     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Adams, R. P. (1995). Identification of essential oil components by GC/MS. Carol Stream (IL): Allured.
2. Arcadi, R., Costa, C., & Imperatore, C. (1998). Oral toxicity of DEHP during pregnancy and sucking in the long-evans rat. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 36, 963-974.
3. Arthur, C. L., & Pawliszyn, J. (1990). Solid phase microextraction with thermal desorption using fused silica optical fibers. Analytical Chemistry, 62, 2145-2148.
4. ASTM (1998). ASTMD6169: Standard practice for selection of sorbents, sampling and thermal desorption analysis procedures for volatile organic chemicals in air. West Conshohocken: ASTM.
5. Basheer, C., & Lee, H. K. (2004). Hollow fiber membrane-protected solid-phase microextraction of triazine herbicides in bovine milk and sewage sludge samples. Journal of Chromatography A, 1047, 189-194. (Pubitemid 39164690)
6. Blount, B. C., Kobelski, R. J., McElprang, D. O., Ashley, D. L., Morrow, J. C., Chambers, D. M., et al. (2006). Quantification of 31 volatile organic compounds in whole blood using solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B, 832, 292-301. (Pubitemid 43339961)
7. Bravo-Linares, C. M., Mudge, S. M., & Loyola-Sepulveda, R. H. (2007). Occurrence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Liverpool Bay, Irish Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 54(11), 1742-1753. (Pubitemid 350086620)
8. Cai, Q.-Y., Mo, C.-H., Wu, Q.-T., Zeng, Q.-Y., & Katsoyiannis A. (2007) Occurrence of organic contaminants in sewage sludges from eleven wastewater treatment plants, China. Chemosphere, 68, 1751-1762. (Pubitemid 46900842)
9. de Zeeuw, R. A., Franke, J. P., Maurer, H. H., & Pfleger, K. (1992). Gas chromatographic retention indices of toxi-cologically relevant substances on packed or capillary columns with dimethylsillicone stationary phases (2nd ed.). Weinheim: VCH Verlag.
10. Domeño, C., Martínez-García, F., Campo, L., & Nerín, C. (2004). Sampling and analysis of volatile organic pollutants emitted by an industrial stack. Analytica Chimica Acta, 524, 51-62. (Pubitemid 39244027)
11. Eitzer, B. D. (1995). Emissions of volatile organic chemicals from municipal solid waste composting facilities. Environmental Science and Technology, 29, 896-902.
12. Escalasa, L., Guadayola, J. M., Cortinab, M., Riverab, L., & Caixach, J. (2003). Time and space patterns of volatile organic compounds in a sewage treatment plant. Water Research, 37, 3913-3920. (Pubitemid 36952428)
13. Fang, J., Lovanh, N., & Alvarez, P. J. (2004). The use of isotopic and lipid analysis techniques linking toluene degradation to specific microorganisms: Applications and limitations. Water Research, 38, 2529-2536. (Pubitemid 38680735)
14. Gu, Y.-Q., Mo, M.-H., Zhou, J. P., Zou, C. S., & Zhang, K. Q. (2007). Evaluation and identification of potential organic nematicidal volatiles from soil bacteria. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 39(10), 2567-2575. (Pubitemid 47077459)
15. Harrison, E. Z., Oakes, S. R., Hysell, M., & Hay, A. (2006). Organic chemicals in sewage sludges. Science of the Total Environment, 367, 481-497. (Pubitemid 44093710)
16. Hippelein, M. (2006). Analysing selected VVOCs in indoor air with solid phase microextraction (SPME): A case study. Chemosphere, 65, 271-277. (Pubitemid 44163356)
17. Isidorov, V. A., Kotowska, U., & Vinogorova, V. T. (2005a). GC identification of organic compounds based on partition coefficients of their TMS derivatives in a hexane-acetonitrile system and retention indices. Analytical Sciences, 21, 483-489.
18. Isidorov, V., Vinogorova, V., & Rafałowski, K. (2005b). Gas chromatographic determination of extractable compounds composition and emission rate of volatile terpenes from larch needle litter. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry, 50(3), 263-273.
19. ISO (2000). ISO EN 16017-1: Air quality - sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds in ambient air, indoor air and workplace air by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography. Part 1: Pumped sampling.
20. ISO (2003). ISO EN 16017-2: Air quality - sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds in ambient air, indoor air and workplace air by sorbent tube/thermal desorption/capillary gas chromatography. Part 2: Dif fusive sampling.
21. Janssen, A., Ma, S., Lens, P., & Lettinga, G. (1997). Performance of a sulfide-oxidizing expanded-bed reactor supplied with dissolved oxygen. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 53, 32-40. (Pubitemid 27014870)
22. Jönsson, S., Gustavsson, L., & van Bavel, B. (2007). Analysis of nitroaromatic compounds in complex samples using solid-phase microextraction and isotope dilution quantification gas chromatography-electron-capture negative ionisation mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1164, 65-73. (Pubitemid 47284120)
23. Kim, K.-H., Choi, Y. J., Jeon, E. C., & Sunwoo, Y. (2005). Characterization of malodorous sulfur compounds in landfill gas. Atmospheric Environment, 39, 1103-1112. (Pubitemid 40193326)
24. Koe, L. C. C., & Shen, W. (1997). High resolution GC-MS analysis of VOCs in wastewater and sludge. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 44, 549-561. (Pubitemid 27226527)
25. Llompart, M., García-Jares, C., Salgado, C., Polo, M., & Cela R. (2003). Determination of musk compounds in sewage treatment plant sludge samples by solid-phase microextraction. Journal of Chromatography A, 999, 185-193. (Pubitemid 36638512)
26. Llop, A., Borrull, F., & Pocurull, E. (2010). Pressurised hot water extraction followed by simultaneous derivatization and headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of aliphatic primary amines in sewage sludge. Analytica Chimica Acta, 665, 231-236.
27. Lu, R., Wu, J., Turco, R. P., Winer, A. M., Atkinson, R., Arey, J., et al. (2005). Naphthalene distributions and human exposure in Southern California. Atmospheric Environment, 39, 489-507.
28. Mangani, G., Berloni, A., & Maione, M. (2003). "Cold" solid-phase microextraction method for the determination of volatile halocarbons present in the atmosphere at ultra-trace levels. Journal of Chromatography A, 988, 167-175. (Pubitemid 36175537)
29. Matysik, S., Herbarth, O., & Mueller, A. (2009) Determination of microbial volatile organic compounds (MVOCs) by passive sampling onto charcoal sorbents. Chemosphere, 76, 114-119.
30. NSAI (2011). prEN 13649: Stationary source emissions - determination of the mass concentration of individual gaseous organic compounds - test methods. Dublin: NSAI.
31. Pagans, E., Front, X., & Sanchez A. (2006). Emission of volatile organic compounds from composting of different solid wastes: Abatement by biofiltration. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 131, 179-186.
32. Parke, D. V., & Lewis, D. F. (1992). Safety aspects of food preservatives. Food Additives and Contaminants, 9(5), 561-577. (Pubitemid 23102898)
33. Pawliszyn, J. (1997). Solid-phase microextraction, theory and practice. New York: Wiley.
34. Pawliszyn, J., & Liu, S. (1987). Sample introduction for capillary gas chromatography with laser desorption and optical fibers. Analytical Chemistry, 59, 1475-1478.
35. Sadtler Research Laboratory (1986). Standard GC retention index library. Philadelphia: Sadtler Research Laboratory.
36. Safer, A. M., & al-Nughamish, A. J. (1999). Hepatotoxicity induced by the anti-oxidant food additive, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), in rats: An electron microscopical study. Histology and Histopathology, 14, 391-406. (Pubitemid 29159007)
37. Simonich, S. L., Begley, W. M., Debaere, G., & Eckhoff, W. S. (2000). Trace analysis of fragrance materials in wastewater and treated wastewater. Environmental Science and Technology, 34, 959-965. (Pubitemid 30155196)
38. Spinhirne, J. P., Koziel, J. A., & Chirase, N. K. (2004). Sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds in bovine breath by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1025, 63-69. (Pubitemid 37548449)
39. Tryphonas, H., Lacroix, F., Lok, E., Jee, P. D., Clayson, B., Hayward, S., et al. (1999). The effect of butylated hydroxytoluene on selected immune surveillance parameters in rats bearing enzyme-altered hepatic pre-neoplastic lesions. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 37(7), 671-681. (Pubitemid 29397355)
40. US EPA (1996). US EPA Method 5041a: Desorption and analysis of sorbent cartridges from volatile organic sampling train (VOST). Washington, DC: US EPA.
41. Van den Dool, H., & Kratz, P. (1963). A generalization of retention index system including linear temperature programmed gas-liquid partition chromatography. Journal of Chromatography, 11, 463-471.
42. Van Durme, G. P., McNamara, B. F., & McGinley, C. M. (1992). Bench-scale removal of odor and volatile organic compounds at a composting facility. Water Environment Research, 64, 19-27.
43. Villaverde, M. L., Juárez, M. P., & Mijailovsky, S. (2007). Detection of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) volatile defensive secretions by solid phase microextraction- capillary gas chromatography (SPME-CGC). Journal of Stored Products Research, 43(4), 540-545. (Pubitemid 47247771)
44. Webber, M. D., Rogers, H. R., Watts, C. D., Boxall, A. B. A., Davis, R. D., & Scoffin, R. (1996). Monitoring and prioritisation of organic contaminants in sewage sludges using specific chemical analysis and predictive, non-analytical methods. Science of the Total Environment, 185, 27-44. (Pubitemid 26175258)
45. Wilson, S. C., Duarte-Davidson, R., & Jones, K. C. (1996a). Screening the environmental fate of organic contaminants in sewage sludges applied to agricultural soils: 1. The potential for downward movement to groundwaters. Science of the Total Environment, 185, 45-57.
46. Wilson, S. C., Duckham, C., & Jones, K. C. (1996b). Quantification of volatile organic compound losses from sludge amended soil: A pilot scale study. Chemosphere, 33, 1261-1272. (Pubitemid 26293593)
47. Woolfenden, E. (2010a). Sorbent-based sampling methods for volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in air. Part 1: Sorbent-based air monitoring options. Journal of Chromatography A, 1217, 2674-2684.
48. Woolfenden, E. (2010b). Sorbent-based sampling methods for volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in air. Part 2: Sorbent-based air monitoring options. Journal of Chromatography A, 1217, 2685-2694.
49. Wu, S.-F., & Ding, W.-H. (2010) Fast determination of synthetic polycyclic musks in sewage sludge and sediments by microwave-assisted headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1217, 2776-2781.
50. Wu, B.-Z., Feng, T.-Z., Sree, U., Chiu, K.-H., & Lo, J.-G. (2006). Sampling and analysis of volatile organics emitted from wastewater treatment plant and drain system of an industrial science park. Analytica Chimica Acta, 576, 100-111. (Pubitemid 44189294)
51. Zeng, J., Chen, J., Chen, L., Wang, Y., Chen, W., Huang, X., et al. (2009). The extraction performance of methacrylic acid- trimethylolpropanetrimethacrylate solid-phase microextraction fibers in aqueous solutions. Analytica Chimica Acta, 648, 194-199.