Management of Varicella Infection (Chickenpox) in Pregnancy

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada

Volumn 34, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 287-292

  Shrim, Alon ^a   Koren, Gideon ^a   Yudin, Mark H ^a   Farine, Dan ^a   Gagnon, Robert ^a   Hudon, Lynda ^a   Basso, Melanie ^a   Bos, Hayley ^a   Crane, Joan ^a   Davies, Gregory ^a   Delisle, Marie France ^a   Menticoglou, Savas ^a   Mundle, William ^a   Ouellet, Annie ^a   Pressey, Tracy ^a   Pylypjuk, Christy ^a   Roggensack, Anne ^a   Sanderson, Frank ^a   Senikas, Vyta ^a  

^a NONE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Chickenpox; Diagnosis; Pregnancy; Varicella

Indexed keywords

ACICLOVIR; CHICKENPOX VACCINE; HERPES ZOSTER IMMUNOGLOBULIN; PLACEBO;

ANAPHYLAXIS; ANGIONEUROTIC EDEMA; ARTICLE; CHICKENPOX; CONGENITAL MALFORMATION; DRUG EFFICACY; EMBRYOPATHY; FETUS OUTCOME; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HEADACHE; HUMAN; IMMUNIZATION; INJECTION SITE DISCOMFORT; INJECTION SITE PAIN; INJECTION SITE REACTION; INJECTION SITE REDNESS; INJECTION SITE SWELLING; INTRAUTERINE INFECTION; MALAISE; MATERNAL DEATH; NEWBORN INFECTION; POST EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; PREGNANT WOMAN; RASH; RESPIRATORY TRACT DISEASE; VARICELLA PNEUMONITIS; VIRUS PNEUMONIA; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; CANADA; FEMALE; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATION; REVIEW; VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS;

CANADA; CHICKENPOX; CHICKENPOX VACCINE; FEMALE; HERPESVIRUS 3, HUMAN; HUMANS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, INFECTIOUS;

EID: 84862606172     PISSN: 17012163     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)35190-8     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Tyring S.K. Natural history of varicella zoster virus. Semin Dermatol 1992, 11:211-217.
2. Nguyen H.Q., Jumaan A.O., Seward J.F. Decline in mortality due to varicella after implementation of varicella vaccination in the United States. N Engl J Med 2005, 352:450-458.
3. Glantz J.C., Mushlin A.I. Cost-effectiveness of routine antenatal varicella screening. Obstet Gynecol 1998, 91:519-528.
4. Enders G., Miller E., Cradock-Watson J., Bolley I., Ridehalgh M. Consequences of varicella and herpes zoster in pregnancy: prospective study of 1739 cases. Lancet 1994, 343(8912):1548-1551.
5. Statistics Canada. Births and birth rate, by province and territory 2011, Available at:, Accessed December 28. http://www40.statcan.gc.ca/101/cst01/dem004a-eng.htm.
6. Rouse D.J., Gardner M., Allen S.J., Goldenberg R.L. Management of the presumed susceptible varicella (chickenpox)-exposed gravida: a cost- effectiveness/cost-benefit analysis. Obstet Gynecol 1996, 87:932-936.
7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention of varicella: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep 1996, 45(11):1-36.
8. Paryani S.G., Arvin A.M. Intrauterine infection with varicella-zoster virus after maternal varicella. N Engl J Med 1986, 314(24):1542-1546.
9. Harger J.H., Ernest J.M., Thurnau G.R., Moawad A., Momirova V., Landon M.B., et al. Risk factors and outcome of varicella-zoster virus pneumonia in pregnant women. J Infect Dis 2002, 185:422-427.
10. Grose C. Varicella infection during pregnancy. Herpes 1999, 6:33-37.
11. Smego R.A., Asperilla M.O. Use of acyclovir for varicella pneumonia during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1991, 78:1112-1116.
12. Tan M.P., Koren G. Chickenpox in pregnancy: revisited. Reprod Toxicol 2006, 21:410-420.
13. Koren G. Congenital varicella syndrome in the third trimester. Lancet 2005, 366(9497):1591-1592.
14. Andrews J.I. Diagnosis of fetal infections. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2004, 16:163-166.
15. Pastuszak A.L., Levy M., Schick B., Zuber C., Feldkamp M., Gladstone J., et al. Outcome after maternal varicella infection in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. N Engl J Med 1994, 330(13):901-905.
16. Koren G. Risk of varicella infection during late pregnancy. Can Fam Physician 2003, 49:1445-1446.
17. Chiang C.P., Chiu C.H., Huang Y.C., Lin T.Y. Two cases of disseminated cutaneous herpes zoster in infants after intrauterine exposure to varicella- zoster virus. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995, 14:395-397.
18. Degani S. Sonographic findings in fetal viral infections: a systematic review. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2006, 61:329-336.
19. Skibsted L. Abnormal fetal ultrasound findings after maternal chickenpox infection [article in Danish]. Ugeskr Laeger 2000, 162(18):2546-2549.
20. Pretorius D.H., Hayward I., Jones K.L., Stamm E. Sonographic evaluation of pregnancies with maternal varicella infection. J Ultrasound Med 1992, 11:459-463.
21. Meyers J.D. Congenital varicella in term infants: risk reconsidered. J Infect Dis 1974, 129:215-217.
22. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Chickenpox in pregnancy. RCOG Green-top Guideline no. 13, September 2007. Available at: Accessed December 26, 2011. http://www.rcog.org.uk/womens-health/guidelines.
23. Maupin R.T. Obstetric infectious disease emergencies. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2002, 45(2):393-404.
24. Wallace M.R., Bowler W.A., Murray N.B., Brodine S.K., Oldfield E.C. Treatment of adult varicella with oral acyclovir. A randomized, placebo- controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 1992, 117:358-363.
25. Nyerges G., Meszner Z., Gyarmati E., Kerpel-Fronius S. Acyclovir prevents dissemination of varicella in immunocompromised children. J Infect Dis 1988, 157:309-313.
26. ACOG practice bulletin. Perinatal viral and parasitic infections. Number 20, September 2000. (Replaces educational bulletin number 177, February 1993). American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2002, 76:95-107.
27. ACOG Committee Opinion. Immunization during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2003, 101:207-212.
28. Shields K.E., Galil K., Seward J., Sharrar R.G., Cordero J.F., Slater E. Varicella vaccine exposure during pregnancy: data from the first 5 years of the pregnancy registry. Obstet Gynecol 2001, 98:14-19.
29. Gruslin A., Steben M., Halperin S., Money D.M., Yudin M.H. SOGC Infectious Diseases Committee. Immunization in pregnancy. SOGC Clinical Practice Guideline no. 236, November 2009. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2009, 31:1085-1101.
30. Mouly F., Mirlesse V., Meritet J.F., Rozenberg F., Poissonier M.H., Lebon P., et al. Prenatal diagnosis of fetal varicella-zoster virus infection with polymerase chain reaction of amniotic fluid in 107 cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997, 177:894-898.
31. Enders G., Miller E. Varicella and herpes zoster in pregnancy and the newborn. Varicella-zoster virus: virology and clinical management 2000, 317-347. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. A.M. Arvin, A.A. Gershon (Eds.).
32. Koren G., Money D., Boucher M., Aoki F., Petric M., Innocencion G., et al. Serum concentrations, efficacy, and safety of a new, intravenously administered varicella zoster immune globulin in pregnant women. J Clin Pharmacol 2002, 42:267-274.
33. Henderson G.I., Hu Z.Q., Johnson R.F., Perez A.B., Yang Y., Schenker S. Acyclovir transport by the human placenta. J Lab Clin Med 1992, 120:885-892.
34. Landsberger E.J., Hager W.D., Grossman J.H. Successful management of varicella pneumonia complicating pregnancy. A report of three cases. J Reprod Med 1986, 31:311-314.
35. Spangler J.G., Kirk J.K., Knudson M.P. Uses and safety of acyclovir in pregnancy. J Fam Pract 1994, 38:186-191.
36. Woolf S.H., Battista R.N., Angerson G.M., Logan A.G., Eel W. Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. New grades for recommendations from the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. CMAJ 2003, 169:207-208.