Cytokine profiles in high risk injection drug users suggests innate as opposed to adaptive immunity in apparent resistance to hepatitis C virus infection

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

Volumn 19, Issue 7, 2012, Pages 501-508

  Warshow, Usama M ^a,b   Riva, A ^c   Hegazy, D ^a   Thurairajah, P H ^a,c   Kaminski, E R ^b   Chokshi, S ^c   Cramp, M E ^a,b  

^a PLYMOUTH UNIVERSITY PENINSULA SCHOOLS OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY   (United Kingdom)

^b DERRIFORD HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^c INSTITUTE OF HEPATOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Chemokines; Cytokines; Exposed uninfecteds; Hepatitis C virus; Injection drug users; Interleukins

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; CHEMOKINE; CYTOKINE; INTERLEUKIN 6; INTERLEUKIN 8; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DRUG ABUSE; FEMALE; HEPATITIS C; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HUMAN; INFECTION RESISTANCE; INJECTION DRUG USER; INNATE IMMUNITY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; UPREGULATION;

ADULT; COHORT STUDIES; CYTOKINES; DISEASE RESISTANCE; FEMALE; HEPATITIS C; HUMANS; MALE; NEEDLE SHARING; SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS;

EID: 84862199450     PISSN: 13520504     EISSN: 13652893     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01574.x     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Shepard CW, Finelli L, Alter MJ. Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. Lancet Infect Dis 2005; 5: 558-567. (Pubitemid 41196755)
2. Tseng FC, O'Brien TR, Zhang M et al. Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus among San Francisco injection drug users, 1998 to 2000. Hepatology 2007; 46(3): 666-671. (Pubitemid 47436111)
3. Lorvick J, Kral AH, Seal K, Gee L, Edlin BR. Prevalence and duration of hepatitis C among injection drug users in San Francisco, Calif. Am J Public Health 2001; 91(1): 46-47. (Pubitemid 32049266)
4. Mehta SH, Astemborski J, Kirk GD et al. Changes in blood-borne infection risk among injection drug users. J Infect Dis 2011; 203(5): 587-594.
5. Thurairajah PH, Hegazy D, Chokshi S et al. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) - specific T cell responses in injection drug users with apparent resistance to HCV infection. J Infect Dis 2008; 198(12): 1749-1755.
6. Mizukoshi E, Eisenbach C, Edlin BR et al. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific immune responses of long-term injection drug users frequently exposed to HCV. J Infect Dis 2008; 198(2): 203-212. (Pubitemid 352019285)
7. Freeman AJ, Ffrench RA, Post JJ et al. Prevalence of production of virus-specific interferon-gamma among seronegative hepatitis Cresistant subjects reporting injection drug use. J Infect Dis 2004; 190(6): 1093-1097. (Pubitemid 39186796)
8. Zeremski M, Shu MA, Brown Q et al. Hepatitis C virus-specific T-cell immune responses in seronegative injection drug users. J Viral Hepat 2009; 16(1): 10-20.
9. Meyer MF, Lehmann M, Cornberg M et al. Clearance of low levels of HCV viremia in the absence of a strong adaptive immune response. Virol J 2007; 4: 58.
10. Post JJ, Pan Y, Freeman AJ et al. Clearance of hepatitis C viremia associated with cellular immunity in the absence of seroconversion in the hepatitis C incidence and transmission in prisons study cohort. J Infect Dis 2004; 189(10): 1846-1855. (Pubitemid 38657221)
11. Knapp S, Warshow U, Hegazy D et al. Consistent beneficial effects of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL3 and group 1 human leukocyte antigen-C following exposure to hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 2010; 51(4): 1168-1175.
12. Thurairajah PH, Hegazy D, Demaine A, Kaminski ER, Cramp ME. Loss of virus-specific T-cell responses in HCV EU injection drug users with drug rehabilitation. J Infect Dis 2011; 203(6): 847-853.
13. Heydtmann M, Adams DH. Chemokines in the immunopathogenesis of hepatitis C infection. Hepatology 2009; 49(2): 676-688.
14. Diago M, Castellano G, Garcia-Samaniego J et al. Association of pretreatment serum interferon gamma IP-10 levels with sustained virological response to peginterferon plus ribavirin therapy in genotype 1 infected patients with chronic hepatitis C. Gut 2006; 55(3): 374-379. (Pubitemid 43268277)
15. Apolinario A, Diago M, Lo Iacono O et al. Increased circulating and intrahepatic T-cell-specific chemokines in chronic hepatitis C: relationship with the type of virological response to peginterferon plus ribavirin combination therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2004; 19(5): 551-562. (Pubitemid 38387182)
16. Klein C, Wustefeld T, Assmus U et al. The IL-6-gp130-STAT3 pathway in hepatocytes triggers liver protection in T cell-mediated liver injury. J Clin Invest 2005; 115(4): 860-869. (Pubitemid 40489390)
17. Hosel M, Quasdorff M, Wiegmann K et al. Not interferon, but interleukin-6 controls early gene expression in hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology 2009; 50(6): 1773-1782.
18. Kaplan DE, Sugimoto K, Newton K et al. Discordant role of CD4 T-cell response relative to neutralizing antibody and CD8 T-cell responses in acute hepatitis C. Gastroenterology 2007; 132(2): 654-666. (Pubitemid 46274664)
19. Thimme R, Oldach D, Chang KM, Steiger C, Ray SC, Chisari FV. Determinants of viral clearance and persistence during acute hepatitis C virus infection. J Exp Med 2001; 194(10): 1395-1406. (Pubitemid 33081515)
20. Lechner F, Wong DK, Dunbar PR et al. Analysis of successful immune responses in persons infected with hepatitis C virus. J Exp Med 2000; 191(9): 1499-1512. (Pubitemid 30257347)
21. Cramp ME, Carucci P, Rossol S et al. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) specific immune responses in anti-HCV positive patients without hepatitis C viraemia. Gut 1999; 44(3): 424-429. (Pubitemid 29119342)
22. Hegazy D, Thurairajah P, Metzner M et al. Interleukin 12B gene polymorphism and apparent resistance to hepatitis C virus infection. Clin Exp Immunol 2008; 152(3): 538-541. (Pubitemid 351661506)
23. Khakoo SI, Thio CL, Martin MP et al. HLA and NK cell inhibitory receptor genes in resolving hepatitis C virus infection. Science 2004; 305(5685): 872-874. (Pubitemid 39038423)
24. Romero V, Azocar J, Zuniga J et al. Interaction of NK inhibitory receptor genes with HLA-C and MHC class II alleles in hepatitis C virus infection outcome. Mol Immunol 2008; 45(9): 2429-2436.
25. Parham P. Immunology. NK cells lose their inhibition. Science 2004; 305(5685): 786-787. (Pubitemid 39038400)
26. Moesta AK, Norman PJ, Yawata M, Yawata N, Gleimer M, Parham P. Synergistic polymorphism at two positions distal to the ligand-binding site makes KIR2DL2 a stronger receptor for HLA-C than KIR2DL3. J Immunol 2008; 180(6): 3969-3979.
27. Luger TA, Krutmann J, Kirnbauer R et al. IFN-beta 2/IL-6 augments the activity of human natural killer cells. J Immunol 1989; 143(4): 1206-1209. (Pubitemid 19211348)
28. Campbell JJ, Qin S, Unutmaz D et al. Unique subpopulations of CD56+ NK and NK-T peripheral blood lymphocytes identified by chemokine receptor expression repertoire. J Immunol 2001; 166(11): 6477-6482. (Pubitemid 32467184)
29. Rauch A, Rohrbach J, Bochud PY. The recent breakthroughs in the understanding of host genomics in hepatitis C. Eur J Clin Invest 2010; 40(10): 950-959.
30. Knapp S, Warshow U, Ho KM et al. A polymorphism in IL28B distinguishes exposed, uninfected individuals from spontaneous resolvers of HCV infection. Gastroenterology 2011; 141(1): 320-325.
31. Sacerdote P, Franchi S, Gerra G, Leccese V, Panerai AE, Somaini L. Buprenorphine and methadone maintenance treatment of heroin addicts preserves immune function. Brain Behav Immun 2008; 22(4): 606-613.
32. Vallejo R, de Leon-Casasola O, Benyamin R. Opioid therapy and immunosuppression: a review. Am J Ther 2004; 11(5): 354-365.