Preoperative evaluation, premedication, and induction of anesthesia in infants and children

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology

Volumn 25, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 321-325

  Strom, Suzanne ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

clonidine; dexmedetomidine; perioperative anxiety

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR; CLONIDINE; DEXMEDETOMIDINE; FENTANYL; KETAMINE; MIDAZOLAM; PETHIDINE; PROPOFOL;

ANESTHESIA COMPLICATION; ANESTHESIA INDUCTION; ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA; ANXIETY; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; ASTHMA; BRADYCARDIA; BRONCHOSPASM; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MECHANISM; ECZEMA; FAMILY HISTORY; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; HYPOXEMIA; LARYNGEAL MASK; LARYNX SPASM; PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA; PERIOPERATIVE COMPLICATION; POSITIVE END EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA; POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING; POSTOPERATIVE PAIN; PREMEDICATION; PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPIRATION CONTROL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS; SMOKING; TONSILLECTOMY; UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION; VOMITING;

ANESTHESIA; ANXIETY; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; HUMANS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; PREMEDICATION; PREOPERATIVE CARE;

EID: 84861099050     PISSN: 09527907     EISSN: 14736500     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/ACO.0b013e3283530e0d     Document Type: Review

References (28)

1. Von Ungern-Sternberg BS, Boda K, Chambers NA, et al. Risk assessment for respiratory complications in paediatric anaesthesia: a prospective cohort study. Lancet 2010;376:773-783. This large study investigates both common and uncommon predictors of respiratory complications.
2. Yip P, Middleton P, Cyna AM, et al. Nonpharmacological interventions for assisting the induction of anaesthesia in children. Evid Based Child Health 2011;6:71-134. [Review]. This extensive review outlines the effectiveness of a wide array of nonpharmacologic interventions.
3. Bauchner H, Vinci R, Waring C. Pediatric procedures: do parents want to watch? Pediatrics 1989;84:907-909.
4. Kain ZN. Premedication and parental presence revisited. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2001;14:331-337.
5. Manimala MR, Blount RL, Cohen LL. The effects of parental reassurance versus distraction on child distress and coping during immunizations. Children's Health Care 2000;29:161-177.
6. Cohen LL, Blount RL, Panopoulos G. Nurse coaching and cartoon distraction: an effective and practical intervention to reduce child, parent, and nurse distress during immunizations. J Pediatr Psychol 1997;22:355-370.
7. Uman LS, Chambers CT, McGrath PJ, et al. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials examining psychological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents: an abbreviated Cochrane review. J Pediatr Psychol 2008;33:842-854.
8. Martin SR, Chorney JM, Tan EW, et al. Changing healthcare providers' behavior during pediatric inductions with an empirically based intervention. Anesthesiology 2011;115:18-27. This trial examines the effectiveness of an intervention to change the healthcare provider behavior to decrease patient anxiety.
9. Kain ZN, Strom SL. Commentaries on 'Nonpharmacological interventions for assisting the induction of anaesthesia in children' with a response by the review authors. Evid Based Child Health 2011;6:137-140.
10. Fortier MA, Martin SR, Chorney JM, et al. Preoperative anxiety in adolescents undergoing surgery: a pilot study. Pediatr Anesth 2011;21:969-973. This study evaluates a subpopulation of pediatrics that is often without obvious anxiety.
11. Kain ZN, Mayes LC, Bell C, et al. Premedication in the United States: a status report. Anesth Analg 1997;84:427-432.
12. Davidson A, McKenzie I. Distress at induction: prevention and consequences. Curr Opin Anesthesiol 2011;24:301-306.
13. Kain Z, Hofstadter M, Mayes L, et al. Midazolam: effects on amnesia and anxiety in children. Anesthesiology 2000;93:676-684.
14. Fung D, Cohen M. Measuring patient satisfaction with anesthesia care: a review of current methodology. Anesth Analg 1998;87:1089-1098.
15. Bhaskar P, Mailk A, Kapoor R, et al. Effect of midazolam premedication on the dose of propofol for laryngeal mask airway insertion in children. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2010;26:503-506.
16. Rosenbaum A, Kain ZN, Larsson P, et al. The place of premedication in pediatric practice. Paediatr Anaesth 2009;19:817-828.
17. Mikawa K, Nishina K, Maekawa N, et al. Oral clonidine premedication reduces postoperative pain in children. Anesth Analg 1996;82:225-230.
18. Nishina K, Mikawa K, Shiga M, Obara H. Clonidine in paediatric anaesthesia. Paediatr Anaesth 1999;9:187-202.
19. Reimer E, Dunn G, Montomery C, et al. The effectiveness of clonidine as an analgesic in paediatric adenotonsillectomy. Can J Anaesth 1998;45:1162-1167.
20. Dahmani S, Brasher C, Stany I, et al. Premedication with clonidine is superior to benzodiazepines. A meta analysis of published studies. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2010;54:397-402. This interesting but heterogeneous meta-analysis concludes that clonidine is superior to midazolam in many aspects.
21. Fazi L, Jantzen E, Rose J, et al. A comparison of oral clonidine and oral midazolam as preanesthetic medications in the pediatric tonsillectomy patient. Anesth Analg 2001;92:56-61.
22. Yuen VM, Hui TW, Irwin MG, Yuen MK. A comparison of intranasal dexmedetomidine and oral midazolam for premedication in pediatric anesthesia: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg 2008;106:1715-1721.
23. Yuen VM. Dexmedetomidine: perioperative applications in children. Paediatr Anaesth 2010;20:256-264.
24. Yuen VM, Hui TW, Irwin MG, et al. Optimal timing for the administration of intranasal dexmedetomidine for premedication in children. Anaesthesia 2010;65:922-929.
25. Gencorelli FJ, Fields RG, Litman RS. Complications during rapid sequence induction of general anesthesia in children: a benchmark study. Pediatr Anesth 2010;20:421-424. This large study outlines the infrequent complications of RSI in age range 3-12.
26. Mortensen A, Lenz K, Abildstrøm H, et al. Anesthetizing the obese child. Pediatr Anesth 2011;21:623-629.
27. Blount R, Bunke V, Zaff J. Bridging the gap between explicative and treatment research: a model and practical implications. J Clin Psychol Medic Settings 2000;7:79-90.
28. Varni J, Blount R, Waldron S, et al. Management of pain and distress. In: Anonymous, editor. Handbook of pediatric psychology. New York: Guilford Press; 1995. Vol. 2. pp. 105-123.