Emotion and the unreal self: Depersonalization disorder and de-affectualization

Emotion Review

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 139-144

  Medford, Nick ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

depersonalization; emotion regulation; fMRI; subjective experience

Indexed keywords

EID: 84860596411     PISSN: 17540739     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1754073911430135     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Ackner B.. Depersonalization: I. Aetiology and phenomenology. Journal of Mental Science. 1954 ; 100: 838-853
2. Ambrosino S. V.. Depersonalization: A review and rethinking of a nuclear problem. American Journal of Psychoanalysis. 1976 ; 36: 105-118
3. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 1994 ). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association ; 1994:
4. Baker D., Hunter E., Lawrence E., Medford N., Patel M., Senior C.,... David A. S.. Depersonalisation disorder: Clinical features of 204 cases. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2003 ; 182: 428-433
5. Berrios G. E., Sierra M.. Depersonalization: A conceptual history. History of Psychiatry. 1997 ; 8: 213-229
6. Colombetti G., Ratcliffe M.. Bodily feeling in depersonalization: A phenomenological account. Emotion Review. 2012 ; 4: 145-150
7. Craig A. D.. How do you feel? Interoception: The sense of the physiological condition of the body. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 2002 ; 3: 655-666
8. Craig A. D.. How do you feel-now? The anterior insula and human awareness. Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 2009 ; 10: 59-70
9. Critchley H. D., Wiens S., Rotshtein P., Ohman A., Dolan R. J.. Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness. Nature Neuroscience. 2004 ; 7: 189-195
10. Damasio A.. Feelings of emotion and the self. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2003 ; 1001: 253-261
11. Davidson P. W.. Depersonalization phenomena in 214 adult psychiatric in-patients. Psychiatric Quarterly. 1966 ; 40: 702-722
12. Feldman Barrett L., Quigley K. S., Bliss-Moreau E., Aronson K. R.. Interoceptive sensitivity and self-reports of emotional experience. Journal of Personal and Social Psychology. 2004 ; 87: 684-697
13. Gross G.. The onset of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research. 1997 ; 28: 187-198
14. Hunter E. C. M., Phillips M. L., Chalder T., Sierra M., David A. S.. Depersonalisation disorder: A cognitive-behavioural conception. Behaviour Research and Therapy. 2003 ; 41: 1451-1467
15. Hunter E. C. M., Sierra M., David A. S.. The epidemiology of depersonalisation and derealisation: A systematic review. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. 2004 ; 39: 9-18
16. Jauregui-Renaud K., Sang F. Y., Gresty M. A., Green D. A., Bronstein A. M.. Depersonalisation/derealisation symptoms and updating orientation in patients with vestibular disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 2008 ; 79: 276-283
17. Kim S. H., Hamann S.. Neural correlates of positive and negative emotion regulation. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2007 ; 19: 776-798
18. Mayer-Gross W.. On depersonalization. British Journal of Medical Psychology. 1935 ; 15: 103-122
19. Medford N., Baker D., Hunter E., Sierra M., Lawrence E., Phillips M. L., David A. S.. Chronic depersonalization following illicit drug use: A controlled analysis of 40 cases. Addiction. 2003 ; 98: 1731-1736
20. Medford N., Brierley B., Brammer M., Bullmore E., David A. S., Phillips M. L.. Emotional memory in depersonalization disorder: A functional MRI study. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2006 ; 148: 93-102
21. Medford N., Critchley H. D.. Conjoint action of anterior insular and anterior cingulate cortex: Awareness and response. Brain Structure and Function. 2010 ; 214: 535-549
22. Medford N., Sierra M., Baker D., David A. S.. Understanding and treating depersonalisation disorder. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment. 2005 ; 11: 92-100
23. Medford N. Sierra M. Stringaris A. Giampietro V. Brammer M. David A.S. (2011, June). Functional MRI studies of aberrant self-experience: depersonalization disorder before and after treatment. Paper presented at 15th annual meeting of the Association for the Scientific Study of Consciousness, Kyoto, Japan. Abstract available at http://www.theassc.org/files/assc/Program- 201106010-update.pdf (page 62-63).
24. Noyes R., Kletti R.. Depersonalization in response to life-threatening danger. Comprehensive Psychiatry. 1977 ; 18: 375-384
25. Ochsner K. N., Gross J. J.. The cognitive control of emotion. Trends in Cognitive Science. 2005 ; 9: 242-249
26. Ohira H., Nomura M., Ichikawa N., Isowa T., Iidaka T., Sato A.,... Yamada J.. Association of neural and physiological responses during voluntary emotion suppression. Neuroimage. 2006 ; 29: 721-733
27. Phillips M. L., Medford N., Senior C., Bullmore E., Suckling J., Brammer M.,... David A. S.. Depersonalization disorder: Thinking without feeling. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging. 2001 ; 108: 145-160
28. Sang F. Y., Jauregui-Renaud K., Green D. A., Bronstein A. M., Gresty M. A.. Depersonalisation/derealisation symptoms in vestibular disease. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry. 2006 ; 77: 760-766
29. Shorvon H., Hill J., Burkitt E.. The depersonalization syndrome. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine. 1946 ; 39: 779-792
30. Sierra M. Depersonalization: A new look at a neglected syndrome. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press ; 2009:
31. Sierra M., Baker D., Medford N., David A. S.. Unpacking the depersonalization syndrome: An exploratory factor analysis on the Cambridge Depersonalization Scale. Psychological Medicine. 2005 ; 35: 1523-1532
32. Sierra M., Berrios G. E.. The Cambridge Depersonalization Scale: A new instrument for the measurement of depersonalization. Psychiatry Research. 2000 ; 93: 153-164
33. Sierra M., Senior C., Dalton J., McDonough M., Bond A., Phillips M. L.,... David A. S.. Autonomic response in depersonalization disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2002 ; 59: 833-838
34. Simeon D., Abugel J. Feeling unreal: Depersonalization disorder and the loss of the self. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press ; 2006:
35. Simeon D., Guralnik O., Hazlett E. A., Spiegel-Cohen J., Hollander E., Buchsbaum M. S.. Feeling unreal: A PET study of depersonalization disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2000 ; 157: 1782-1788
36. Simeon D., Hollander E.. Depersonalization disorder. Psychiatric Annals. 1993 ; 23: 382-388
37. Simeon D., Kozin D. S., Segal K., Lerch B., Dujour R., Giesbrecht T.. De-constructing depersonalization: Further evidence for symptom clusters. Psychiatry Research. 2008 ; 157: 303-306
38. Sims A. Symptoms in the mind. 1995 ). Symptoms in the mind (2nd ed.). London, UK: W.B. Saunders. London, UK: W.B. Saunders ; 1995:
39. Taylor F. K.. Depersonalization in the light of Brentano's phenomenology. British Journal of Medical Psychology. 1982 ; 55: 297-306
40. Torch E. M.. Review of the relationship between obsession and depersonalization. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1978 ; 58: 191-198
41. Wager T. D., Davidson M. L., Hughes B. L., Lindquist M. A., Ochsner K. N.. Prefrontal-subcortical pathways mediating successful emotion regulation. Neuron. 2008 ; 59: 1037-1050
42. The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization ; 1992: