Microstructure and deformation micromechanisms of concentrated fiber bundle suspensions: An analysis combining x-ray microtomography and pull-out tests

Journal of Rheology

Volumn 56, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 593-623

  Guiraud, O ^a   Orgeas L ^a   Dumont, P J J ^a   Rolland Du Roscoat, S ^a,b  

^a UNIV GRENOBLE ALPES   (France)

^b EUROPEAN SYNCHROTRON RADIATION FACILITY   (France)

Author keywords

Colloids; Dispersions; Pastes; Pull out experiments; Reinforced polymers and polymer based composites; Rheological aspects; Slurries; Suspensions; X ray microtomography

Indexed keywords

PASTES; PULL-OUT; REINFORCED POLYMERS AND POLYMER-BASED COMPOSITES; RHEOLOGICAL ASPECTS; X RAY MICROTOMOGRAPHY;

COLLOIDS; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); DEFORMATION; DISPERSION (WAVES); EXPERIMENTS; MICROSTRUCTURE; POLYMERS; RHEOLOGY; SLURRIES; SUSPENSIONS (FLUIDS); X RAYS;

FIBERS;

EID: 84860349368     PISSN: 01486055     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1122/1.3698185     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (66)

1. Advani, S. G., Flow and Rheology in Polymer Composites Manufacturing, Composite Materials Series (Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1994), Vol. 10.
2. Advani, S. G., and C. L. Tucker, The use of tensors to describe and predict fiber orientation in short fiber composites., J. Rheol. 3 (8), 751-784 (1987). 10.1122/1.549945
3. Alkhagen, M., and S. Toll, Micromechanics of a compressed fiber mass., J. Appl. Mech. 74, 723-731 (2007). 10.1115/1.2711223 (Pubitemid 47317697)
4. Auriault, J.-L., P. Royer, and C. Geindreau, Anisotropic filtration law for power-law fluids., Int. J. Eng. Sci. 40 (10), 1151-1163 (2002). 10.1016/S0020-7225(02)00007-1 (Pubitemid 34440693)
5. Ausias, G., X. Fan, and R. Tanner, Direct simulation for concentrated fibre suspensions in transient and steady state shear flows., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 135, 46-57 (2006). 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2005.12.009
6. Badel, P., E. Vidal-Salle, E. Maire, and P. Boisse, Simulation and tomography analysis of textile composite reinforcement deformation at the mesoscopic scale., Compos. Sci. Technol. 68, 2433-2440 (2008). 10.1016/j.compscitech.2008.04.038
7. Balberg, I., C. Anderson, S. Alexander, and N. Wagner, Excluded volume and its relation to the onset of percolation., Phys. Rev. B 30 (7), 3933-3943 (1984). 10.1103/PhysRevB.30.3933
8. Baruchel, J., J. Y. Buffire, P. Cloetens, M. Di Michiel, E. Ferrie, W. Ludwig, E. Maire, and L. Salvo, Advances in synchrotron radiation microtomography., Scr. Mater. 55, 41-46 (2006). 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.02.012
9. Batchelor, G. K., Slender-body theory for particles of arbitrary cross-section in Stokes flow., J. Fluid Mech. 44 (3), 419-440 (1970). 10.1017/S002211207000191X
10. Batchelor, G. K., The stress generated in a non-dilute suspension of elongated particles by pure straining motion., J. Fluid Mech. 46 (4), 813-829 (1971). 10.1017/S0022112071000879
11. Berglund, L. A., and M. L. Ericson, Glass mat reinforced polypropylene., in Polypropylene: Structure, Blends and Composites, edited by, J. Karger-Kocis, (Chapman and Hall, London, 1995), Chap.
12. Caba, A., A. Loos, and R. Batra, Fiber-fiber interaction in carbon mat thermoplastics., Composites, Part A 38, 469-483 (2007). 10.1016/j.compositesa. 2006.02.024 (Pubitemid 44848405)
13. Chalencon, F., L. Orgas, P. Dumont, G. Foray, J. Cavaill, E. Maire, and S. Rolland du Roscoat, Lubricated compression and x-ray microtomography to analyse the rheology of a fibre-reinforced mortar., Rheol. Acta 49, 765-777 (2010). 10.1007/s00397-009-0393-5
14. Dinh, M. S., and R. C. Armstrong, A rheological equation of state for semiconcentrated fiber suspensions., J. Rheol. 28 (3), 207-227 (1984). 10.1122/1.549748 (Pubitemid 14586073)
15. Djalili-Moghaddam, M., and S. Toll, A model for short-range interactions in fibre suspensions., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 132, 73-83 (2005). 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2005.08.014 (Pubitemid 43012953)
16. Doi, M., and S. F. Edwards, Dynamics of rod-like macromolecules in concentrated solution., J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2 74 (1), 560-570 (1978). 10.1039/f29787400560
17. Ducloux, R., M. Vincent, J.-F. Agassant, and A. Poitou, Simulation of compression molding of long-glass-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic sheets., Polym. Compos. 13 (1), 30-37 (1992). 10.1002/pc.750130105
18. Dumont, P. J. J., S. Le Corre, L. Orgas, and D. Favier, A numerical analysis of the evolution of bundle orientation in concentrated fibre-bundle suspensions., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 160, 76-92 (2009). 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2009.03.001
19. Dumont, P., J.-P. Vassal, L. Orgas, V. Michaud, D. Favier, and J.-E. Mnson, Processing, characterization and rheology of transparent concentrated fibre bundle suspensions., Rheol. Acta 46, 639-651 (2007). 10.1007/s00397-006- 0153-8
20. Dumont, P., L. Orgas, S. Le Corre, and D. Favier, Anisotropic viscous behavior of sheet molding compounds (SMC) during compression molding., Int. J. Plast. 19 (4), 625-646 (2003). 10.1016/S0749-6419(01)00077-8
21. Ericsson, K. A., S. Toll, and J.-A. E. Mnson, Sliding plate rheometry of planar oriented concentrated fiber suspension., Rheol. Acta 36, 397-405 (1997). 10.1007/s003970050055
22. Fan, X., N. Phan-Thien, and R. Zheng, A direct simulation of fibre suspensions., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 74, 113-135 (1998). 10.1016/S0377-0257(97)00050-5 (Pubitemid 28276117)
23. Frec, J., G. Ausias, M. C. Heuzey, and P. J. Carreau, Modeling fiber interactions in semiconcentrated fiber suspension., J. Rheol. 53, 49-72 (2009a). 10.1122/1.3000732
24. Frec, J., M. C. Heuzey, J. Prez-Gonzlez, L. de Vargas, G. Ausias, and P. J. Carreau, Investigation of the rheological properties of short glass fiber-filled polypropylene in extensional flow., Rheol. Acta 48, 59-72 (2009b). 10.1007/s00397-008-0309-9
25. Folgar, F., and C. L. Tucker, Orientation behavior of fibers in concentrated suspensions., J. Reinf. Plast. Compos. 3, 98-118 (1984). 10.1177/073168448400300201
26. Gibson, A., and S. Toll, Mechanics of the squeeze flow of planar fibre suspensions., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 82, 1-24 (1999). 10.1016/S0377- 0257(98)00127-X
27. Goddard, J. D., Tensile stress contribution of flow-oriented slender particles in non-Newtonian fluids., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 1, 1-17 (1976). 10.1016/0377-0257(76)80002-X
28. Idris, Z., L. Orgas, C. Geindreau, J. F. Bloch, and J. L. Auriault, Microstructural effects on the flow of power-law fluid through fibrous media., Modell. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 12, 995-1016 (2004). 10.1088/0965-0393/12/5/016
29. Joung, C. G., N. Phan-Thien, and X. J. Fan, Direct simulation of flexible fibers., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 99, 1-36 (2001). 10.1016/S0377-0257(01) 00113-6 (Pubitemid 32602485)
30. Joung, C. G., N. Phan-Thien, and X. J. Fan, Viscosity of curved fibers in suspension., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 102, 1-17 (2002). 10.1016/S0377-0257(01)00163-X (Pubitemid 34102713)
31. Komori, T., and K. Makishima, Numbers of fiber-to-fiber contacts in general fiber assemblies., Text. Res. J. 47, 13-17 (1977).
32. Komori, T., and M. Itoh, A modified theory of the fiber contact in general fiber assemblies., Text. Res. J. 64, 519-528 (1994). 10.1177/004051759406400905 (Pubitemid 1198796)
33. Latil, P., L. Orgas, C. Geindreau, P. J. J. Dumont, and S. Rolland du Roscoat, Towards the 3D in situ characterisation of deformation micro-mechanisms within a compressed bundle of fibres., Compos. Sci. Technol. 71, 480-488 (2011). 10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.12.023
34. Le, T., P. Dumont, L. Orgas, D. Favier, L. Salvo, and E. Boller, X-ray phase contrast microtomography for the analysis of the fibrous microstructure of SMC composites., Composites, Part A 39, 91-103 (2008). 10.1016/j.compositesa. 2007.08.027 (Pubitemid 350253146)
35. Le Corre, S., D. Caillerie, L. Orgas, and D. Favier, Behavior of a net of fibers linked by viscous interactions: Theory and mechanical properties., J. Mech. Phys. Solids 52, 395-421 (2004). 10.1016/S0022-5096(03)00090-5
36. Le Corre, S., L. Orgas, D. Favier, A. Tourabi, A. Maazouz, and C. Venet, Shear and compression behavior of sheet molding compounds., Compos. Sci. Technol. 62 (4), 571-577 (2002). 10.1016/S0266-3538(01)00151-8 (Pubitemid 34213093)
37. Le Corre, S., P. Dumont, L. Orgas, and D. Favier, Rheology of highly concentrated planar fiber suspensions., J. Rheol. 49, 1029-1058 (2005). 10.1122/1.1993594 (Pubitemid 43066518)
38. Lipscomb, G. G., M. M. Denn, D. U. Hur, and D. V. Boger, The flow of fiber suspensions in complex geometries., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 26, 297-325 (1988). 10.1016/0377-0257(88)80023-5 (Pubitemid 18551380)
39. Mackaplow, M. B., and E. S. G. Shaqfeh, A numerical study of the rheological properties of suspensions of rigid, non-Brownian fibres., J. Fluid Mech. 329, 155-186 (1996). 10.1017/S0022112096008889
40. Odenberger, P., H. Andersson, and T. Lundstrm, Experimental flow-front visualisation in compression moulding of SMC., Composites, Part A 35, 1125-1134 (2004). 10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.03.019
41. Orgas, L., C. Geindreau, J.-L. Auriault, and J.-F. Bloch, Upscaling the flow of generalised Newtonian fluids through anisotropic porous media., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 145, 15-29 (2007). 10.1016/j.jnnfm.2007.04.018 (Pubitemid 47087151)
42. Orgas, L., P. J. J. Dumont, J. P. Vassal, O. Guiraud, V. Michaud, and D. Favier, In-plane conduction of polymer composites plates reinforced with architectured networks of Copper fibres., J. Mater. Sci. 45, 2932-2942 (2012). 10.1007/s10853-011-6126-z
43. Orgas, L., P. J. J. Dumont, T. H. Le, and D. Favier, Lubricated compression of BMC, a concentrated and fibre reinforced granular polymer suspension., Rheol Acta 47, 677-688 (2008). 10.1007/s00397-008-0276-1
44. Orgas, L., Z. Idris, C. Geindreau, J.-F. Bloch, and J.-L. Auriault, Modelling the flow of power-law fluids through anisotropic porous media at low pore Reynolds number., Chem. Eng. Sci. 61, 4490-4502 (2006). 10.1016/j.ces.2006.01.046 (Pubitemid 43767640)
45. Osswald, T., and S.-C. Tseng, Flow and Rheology in Polymer Composites Manufacturing, Composites Materials Series (Elsevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1994), Vol. 10, pp. 361-413.
46. Pan, N., A modified analysis of the microstructural characteristics of general fiber assemblies., Text. Res. J. 63, 336-345 (1993). 10.1177/004051759306300605 (Pubitemid 23687506)
47. Petrich, M. P., and D. L. Koch, Interactions between contacting fibers., Phys. Fluids 10 (8), 2111-2113 (1998). 10.1063/1.869728 (Pubitemid 128618831)
48. Petrich, M. P., D. L. Koch, and C. Cohen, An experimental determination of the stress-microstructure relationship in semi-concentrated fiber suspensions., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 95, 101-133 (2000). 10.1016/S0377-0257(00)00172-5
49. Ranganathan, S., and S. G. Advani, Fiber-fiber interactions in homogeneous flows of non-dilute suspensions., J. Rheol. 35, 1499-1522 (1991). 10.1122/1.550244
50. Rolland du Roscoat, S., M. Decain, X. Thibault, C. Geindreau, and J.-F. Bloch, Estimation of microstructural properties from synchrotron x-ray microtomography and determination of the REV in paper materials., Acta Mater. 55, 2841-2850 (2007). 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.11.050 (Pubitemid 46553733)
51. Sandstrom, C., and C. Tucker, A theory for concentrated fiber suspensions with strong fiber-fiber interaction., Makromol. Chem., Macromol. Symp. 68, 291-300 (1993). 10.1002/masy.19930680122
52. Servais, C., A. Luciani, and J. A. E. Mnson, Fiber-fiber interaction in concentrated suspensions: Dispersed fiber bundles., J. Rheol. 43 (4), 1005-1018 (1999a). 10.1122/1.551015
53. Servais, C., J. Manson, and S. Toll, Fiber-fiber interaction in concentrated suspensions: Disperse fibers., J. Rheol. 43 (4), 991-1004 (1999b). 10.1122/1.551014
54. Shaqfeh, E. S. G., and G. Fredrickson, The hydrodynamic stress in a suspension of rods., Phys. Fluids 2 (1), 7-24 (1990). 10.1063/1.857683
55. Silva-Nieto, R., and B. Fisher, Rheological characterization of unsaturated polyester resin sheet molding compound., Polym. Eng. Sci. 21 (8), 499-506 (1981). 10.1002/pen.760210810 (Pubitemid 11419791)
56. Souloumiac, B., and M. Vincent, Steady shear viscosity of short fibre suspensions in thermoplastics., Rheol. Acta 37, 289-298 (1998). 10.1007/s003970050116 (Pubitemid 28519493)
57. Sundararajakumar, R. R., and D. L. Koch, Structure and properties of sheared fiber suspensions with mechanical contacts., J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 73, 205-239 (1997). 10.1016/S0377-0257(97)00043-8 (Pubitemid 28192131)
58. Switzer, L. H., and D. J. Klingenberg, Rheology of sheared flexible fiber suspensions via fiber-level simulations., J. Rheol. 47 (3), 759-778 (2003). 10.1122/1.1566034
59. Thomasson, J. L., and M. A. Vlug, Influence of fibre length and concentration on the properties of glass fibre-reinforced polypropylene: 1. Tensile and flexural modulus., Composites, Part A 27A, 477-484 (1996). 10.1016/1359-835X(95)00065-A (Pubitemid 126384968)
60. Toll, S., Note: On the tube model for fiber suspensions., J. Rheol. 37 (1), 123-125 (1993). 10.1122/1.550460
61. Toll, S., Packing mechanics of fiber reinforcements., Polym. Eng. Sci. 38, 1337-1350 (1998). 10.1002/pen.10304 (Pubitemid 128597863)
62. Toll, S., and J.-A. E. Mnson, Dynamics of a planar concentrated suspension with non-hydrodynamic interaction., J. Rheol. 38 (4), 985-997 (1994). 10.1122/1.550539
63. van Wyk, C., Note on the compressibility of wool., J. Text. Inst. 37, 285-292 (1946). 10.1080/19447024608659279
64. Vassal, J.-P., L. Orgas, D. Favier, J.-L. Auriault, and S. Le Corre, Upscaling the diffusion equations in particulate media made of highly conductive particles. II. Application to fibrous materials., Phys. Rev. E 77, 011303 (2008). 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.011303 (Pubitemid 351388546)
65. Yamane, Y., Y. Kaneda, and M. Doi, The effect of interaction of rodlike particles in semi-dilute suspensions under shear flow., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 64 (9), 3265-3274 (1995). 10.1143/JPSJ.64.3265 (Pubitemid 126008692)
66. Yasuda, K., N. Mori, and K. Nakamura, A new visualization technique for short fibers in a slit flow of fiber suspensions., Int. J. Eng. Sci. 40, 1037-1052 (2002). 10.1016/S0020-7225(01)00107-0 (Pubitemid 34292064)