The phenomenology and course of depression in parentally bereaved and non-bereaved youth

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Volumn 51, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 528-536

  Hamdan, Sami ^a   Melhem, Nadine M ^a   Porta, Giovanna ^b   Walker Payne, Monica ^b   Brent, David A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b Department of Psychiatry   (United States)

Author keywords

bereavement; depression; nosology

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; BEREAVEMENT; CHILD; COHORT ANALYSIS; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; DISEASE DURATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL DISEASE; HUMAN; LIFE EVENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PARENT; PARENTAL DEPRIVATION; PHENOMENOLOGY; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECURRENCE RISK; RISK FACTOR; SCHOOL CHILD; SYMPTOMATOLOGY;

ADJUSTMENT DISORDERS; ADOLESCENT; BEREAVEMENT; CAREGIVERS; CHILD; DEATH, SUDDEN; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; LIFE CHANGE EVENTS; MALE; MATERNAL DEPRIVATION; PATERNAL DEPRIVATION; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC;

EID: 84860214012     PISSN: 08908567     EISSN: 15275418     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2012.02.021     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. W.S. Gilmer, W.T. McKinney Early experience and depressive disorders: human and non-human primate studies J Affect Disord 75 2003 97 113
2. D.N. Jackson, R.N. MacLennan, S.W. Erdle, R.R. Holden, R.N. Lalonde, G.R. Thompson Clinical judgments of depression J Clin Psychol 42 1986 136 145
3. S. Freud Mourning and Melancholia 14th ed. 1917 Vintage London
4. American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-IV 4th ed. 1994 American Psychiatric Association Washington, DC
5. S. Zisook, K. Shear, K.S. Kendler Validity of the bereavement exclusion criterion for the diagnosis of major depressive episode World Psychiatry 6 2007 102 107
6. A.V. Horwitz, J.C. Wakefield, R.L. Spitzer The Loss of Sadness: How Psychiatry Transformed Normal Sorrow into Depressive Disorder 2007 Oxford University Press New York
7. J.C. Wakefield, J.C. Baer, M.F. Schmitz Differential diagnosis of depressive illness versus intense normal sadness: how significant is the 'clinical significance criterion' for major depression? Expert Rev Neurother 10 2010 1015 1018
8. E.G. Karam, C.C. Tabet, D. Alam Bereavement related and non-bereavement related depressions: a comparative field study J Affect Disord 112 2009 102 110
9. L.V. Kessing, J.D. Bukh, C. Bock, M. Vinberg, U. Gether Does bereavement-related first episode depression differ from other kinds of first depressions? Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 45 2010 801 808
10. M.L. Bruce, K. Kim, P.J. Leaf, S. Jacobs Depressive episodes and dysphoria resulting from conjugal bereavement in a prospective community sample Am J Psychiatry 147 1990 608 611
11. K.S. Kendler, J. Myers, S. Zisook Does bereavement-related major depression differ from major depression associated with other stressful life events? Am J Psychiatry 165 2008 1449 1455
12. K. Lamb, R. Pies, S. Zisook The bereavement exclusion for the diagnosis of major depression: to be, or not to be Psychiatry (Edgmont) 7 2010 19 25
13. E. Corruble, V.A. Chouinard, A. Letierce, P.A. Gorwood, G. Chouinard Is DSM-IV bereavement exclusion for major depressive episode relevant to severity and pattern of symptoms? A case-control, cross-sectional study J Clin Psychiatry 70 2009 1091 1097
14. D. Brent, N. Melhem, M.B. Donohoe, M. Walker The incidence and course of depression in bereaved youth 21 months after the loss of a parent to suicide, accident, or sudden natural death Am J Psychiatry 166 2009 786 794
15. J.B. Kaplow, J. Saunders, A. Angold, E.J. Costello Psychiatric symptoms in bereaved versus nonbereaved youth and young adults: a longitudinal epidemiological study J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 49 2010 1145 1154
16. D.A. Brent, J. Perper, G. Moritz Bereavement or depression? The impact of the loss of a friend to suicide J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 32 1993 1189 1197
17. D.A. Brent, J.A. Perper, G. Moritz, L. Liotus, J. Schweers, R. Canobbio Major depression or uncomplicated bereavement? A follow-up of youth exposed to suicide J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 33 1994 231 239 2
18. R.A. Weller, E.B. Weller, M.A. Fristad, J.M. Bowes Depression in recently bereaved prepubertal children Am J Psychiatry 148 1991 1536 1540
19. N.M. Melhem, M. Walker, G. Moritz, D.A. Brent Antecedents and sequelae of sudden parental death in offspring and surviving caregivers Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 162 2008 403 410
20. J. Kaufman, B. Birmaher, D. Brent Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36 1997 980 988
21. M.B. First, R.L. Spitzer, M. Gibbon, J.B.W. Williams Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) (Version 2.0) 1996 American Psychiatric Press Washington DC
22. M.B. Keller, P.W. Lavori, B. Friedman The Longitudinal Interval Follow-Up Evaluation: a comprehensive method for outcome in prospective longitudinal studies Arch Gen Psychiatry 44 1987 540 548
23. K. Hawton, L. Appleby, S. Platt The psychological autopsy approach to studying suicide: a review of methodological issues J Affect Disord 50 1998 269 276
24. D. Shaffer, M.S. Gould, J. Brasic, P. Ambrosini, P. Fisher, H. Bird A Children's Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS) Arch Gen Psychiatry 40 1983 1228 1231
25. J. Endicott, R.L. Spitzer, J.L. Fleiss, J. Cohen The Global Assessment Scale: a procedure for measuring overall severity of psychiatric disturbance Arch Gen Psychiatry 33 1976 766 771
26. A. Angold, E.J. Costello, S.C. Messer, A. Pickles, F. WInder, D. Silver Development of a short questionnaire for use in epidemiological studies of depression in children and adolescents Int J Methods Psychiatr Res 5 1995 237 249
27. B. Birmaher, S. Khetarpal, D. Brent The Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED): scale construction and psychometric characteristics J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36 1997 545 553
28. W.M. Reynolds Suicidal ideation and depression in adolescents: assessment and research P. Lovibond, P. Wilson, Clinical and Abnormal Psychology 1989 Elsevier Amsterdam 125 135
29. A.T. Beck, R.A. Steer, M.G. Garbin Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: twenty-five years of evaluation Clin Psychol Rev 8 1988 77 100
30. A.T. Beck, N. Epstein, G. Brown, R.A. Steer An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties J Consult Clin Psychol 56 1988 893 897
31. W.M. Reynolds Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire: Professional Manual 1988 Psychological Assessment Resources Odessa, FL
32. E.B. Foa, K.M. Johnson, N. Feeny, K.R. Treadwell The Child PTSD Symptom Scale: a preliminary examination of its psychometric properties J Clin Child Psychology 30 2001 376 384
33. E.B. Foa, D.S. Riggs, C.V. Dancu, B.O. Rothbaum Reliability and validity of a brief instrument for assessing post-traumatic stress disorder J Trauma Stress 6 1993 459 473
34. A.H. Brand, J.H. Johnson Note on reliability of the Life Events Checklist Psychol Rep 50 1982 1274
35. T.H. Holmes, R.H. Rahe The Social Readjustment Rating Scale J Psychosom Res 11 1967 213 218
36. E.F. Dubow, D.G. Ullman Assessing social support in elementary school children: the survey of children's social support J Clin Child Psychology 18 1989 52 64
37. A. Spirito, L.J. Stark, C. Williams Development of a brief coping checklist for use with pediatric populations J Pediatr Psychol 13 1988 555 574
38. G.D. Zimet, N.W. Dahlem, S.G. Zimet, G.K. Farley The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support J Pers Assess 52 1988 30 41
39. R.S. Lazarus Coping theory and research: past, present, and future Psychosom Med 55 1993 234 247
40. M. Chaffin, J.N. Wherry, C. Newlin, A. Crutchfield, R. Dykman The Abuse Dimensions Inventory: initial data on a research measure of abuse severity J Interpers Viol 1997 569 589
41. J. Cohen Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences 1st ed. 1977 Academic Press, Inc. New York
42. P. Royston Multiple imputation of missing values: further update of ice, with an emphasis on categorical variables Stata J 9 2009 466 477
43. S. Van Buuren, C.G.M. Oudshoorn Flexible multivariate imputation by MICE 1999 TNO Institute of Prevention and Health Leiden: Netherlands
44. ICE: Stata module for multiple imputation of missing values http://ideas repec org/c/boc/bocode/s446602 html 2011 Accesssed November 9, 2011
45. L. Collins, J.L. Schafer, C.M. Kam A comparison of inclusive and restrictive strategies in modern missing data procedures Psychol Methods 6 2001 330 351
46. H.A. Swartz, E. Frank, A. Zuckoff Brief interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed mothers whose children are receiving psychiatric treatment Am J Psychiatry 165 2008 1155 1162
47. D.J. Pilowsky, P. Wickramaratne, A. Talati Children of depressed mothers 1 year after the initiation of maternal treatment: findings from the STAR (*)D-Child study Am J Psychiatry 165 2008 1136 1147
48. R. Mojtabai Bereavement-related depressive episodes: characteristics, 3-year course, and implications for the DSM-5 Arch Gen Psychiatry 68 2011 920 928