Children and health-care research: Best treatment, best interests and best practice

Clinical Ethics

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 15-19

  Biggs, Hazel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84859972858     PISSN: 14777509     EISSN: 1758101X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1258/ce.2011.011003     Document Type: Article

References (34)

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2. Edwards SD, McNamee MJ. Ethical concerns regarding guidelines for the conduct of research on children. J Med Ethics 2005;31:351-4 at 351.
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5. Federal Drug Administration. 2009. Drug Research and Children.
6. See http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/ucm143565.htm (last checked 20 July 2010).
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8. General Medical Council. Good Practice in Research and Consent to Research. London: GMC, 2010.
9. General Medical Council. 0 - 18 years: Guidance for All Doctors. London: GMC, 2007: Para 36.
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11. Nicholson RH. Medical Research with Children: Ethics, Law and Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986:138.
12. Kodish MD. Ethics and Research with Children: A Care Based Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005:12.
13. Gillick v West Norfolk & Wisbech AHA [1985] 1 All ER 533, CA.
14. Article 8.
15. Article 6.
16. Re E (a minor)(Wardship: Medical Treatment) [1992] 2 FCR 219 Family Division.
17. Giesen D. Civil liability of physicians for new methods of treatment and experimentation. Med Law Rev 1995;3:22.
18. For further detail see Spriggs M. Canaries in the mines: children, risk, non-therapeutic research, and justice. J Med Ethics 2004;30:176-81.
19. Grimes v Kennedy-Krieger Institute; Higgins v Kennedy-Krieger Institute 272 A2d 807 (2001) at 821.
20. Mason JK, Laurie GT. Mason and McCall-Smith's Law and Medical Ethics. 8th edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011:643.
21. S vS[1972]AC 24.
22. Mason JK, Laurie GT. per Lord Reid at 45, emphasis supplied.
23. Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services v JWB and SMB (1992) 175 CLR 218, per Brennan J at 295.
24. Re R (a minor)(Wardship: medical treatment) [1994] 4 All ER 177 CA.
25. Supra note 8 at 413.
26. Medicines for Human Use (Clinical Trials) Regulations 2004, SI 2004/1031.
27. Clinical Trials Directive (2001/20/EC).
28. Clinical Trials Directive (2001/20/EC), Article 4 and Medicines for Human Use (Clinical Trials) Regulations 2004, SI 2004/1031, Schedule 1 Part 4 para 13.
29. For some specific examples see Biggs H. Healthcare Research Ethics and Law: Regulation, Review and Responsibility. London: Routledge-Cavendish 2010:19-34.
30. Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health: Ethics Advisory Committee. Guidelines for the ethical conduct of medical research involving children. Arch Dis Child 2000;82:177-82.
31. Mukattash TL, Millership JS, Collier PS, McElnay JC. Public awareness and views on unlicensed use of medicines in children. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2008;66:838-45.
32. Lenk C, Koch P, Zappel H, Wiesemann C. Off-label, off-limits? Parental awareness and attitudes towards off-label use in paediatrics. Eur J Pediatr 2009;168:1473-8.
33. General Medical Council. Good Practice in Research and Consent to Research. London: GMC, 2010.
34. Elliston S. The Best Interests of the Child in Healthcare. London: Routledge-Cavendish, 2007:241.