Test-Retest Reliability during Fear Acquisition and Fear Extinction in Humans

CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 313-317

  Zeidan, Mohamed A ^a   Lebron Milad, Kelimer ^a   Thompson Hollands, Johanna ^a   Im, Jamie J Y ^a   Dougherty, Darin D ^a   Holt, Daphne J ^a   Orr, Scott P ^a,b   Milad, Mohammed R ^a  

^a MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b Research Service   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Anxiety disorders; Fear conditioning; Fear extinction; Test retest

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; CONDITIONED REFLEX; CONDITIONING; ELECTRIC SHOCK; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; RECALL; REINFORCEMENT; SKIN CONDUCTANCE; TEST RETEST RELIABILITY;

ADULT; CONDITIONING (PSYCHOLOGY); ELECTRIC STIMULATION; EXTINCTION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMANS; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHOTIC STIMULATION; REACTION TIME; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84859487603     PISSN: 17555930     EISSN: 17555949     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2011.00238.x     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Hettema JM, Annas P, Neale MC, Kendler KS, Fredrikson M. A twin study of the genetics of fear conditioning. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60:702-708.
2. Vansteenwegen D, Hermans D, Vervliet B, et al. Return of fear in a human differential conditioning paradigm caused by a return to the original acquisition context. Behav Res Ther 2005;43:323-336.
3. Milad MR, Zeidan MA, Contero A, et al. The influence of gonadal hormones on conditioned fear extinction in healthy humans. Neuroscience 2010;168:652-658.
4. Milad MR, Orr SP, Pitman RK, Rauch SL. Context modulation of memory for fear extinction in humans. Psychophysiology 2005;42:456-464.
5. Herry C, Ferraguti F, Singewald N, Letzkus JJ, Ehrlich I, Luthi A. Neuronal circuits of fear extinction. Eur J Neurosci 2010;31:599-612.
6. Quirk GJ, Mueller D. Neural mechanisms of extinction learning and retrieval. Neuropsychopharmacology 2008;33:56-72.
7. Myers KM, Davis M. Mechanisms of fear extinction. Mol Psychiatry 2007;12:120-150.
8. Milad MR, Rauch SL, Pitman RK, Quirk GJ. Fear extinction in rats: Implications for human brain imaging and anxiety disorders. Biol Psychol 2006;73:61-71.
9. Jovanovic T, Norrholm SD, Blanding NQ, et al. Impaired fear inhibition is a biomarker of PTSD but not depression. Depress Anxiety 2010;27:244-251.
10. Jovanovic T, Norrholm SD, Fennell JE, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder may be associated with impaired fear inhibition: Relation to symptom severity. Psychiatry Res 2009;167:151-160.
11. Holt DJ, Lebron-Milad K, Milad MR, et al. Extinction memory is impaired in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2009;65:455-463.
12. Milad MR, Orr SP, Lasko NB, Chang Y, Rauch SL, Pitman RK. Presence and acquired origin of reduced recall for fear extinction in PTSD: Results of a twin study. J Psychiatr Res 2008;42:515-520.
13. Milad MR, Pitman RK, Ellis CB, et al. Neurobiological basis of failure to recall extinction memory in posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2009;66:1075-1082.
14. Bryant RA, Kemp AH, Felmingham KL, et al. Enhanced amygdala and medial prefrontal activation during nonconscious processing of fear in posttraumatic stress disorder: An fMRI study. Hum Brain Mapp 2008;29:517-523.
15. Bryant RA, Felmingham K, Kemp AH, et al. Amygdala and ventral anterior cingulate activation predicts treatment response to cognitive behaviour therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychol Med 2008;38:555-561.
16. Konarski JZ, Kennedy SH, Segal ZV, et al. Predictors of nonresponse to cognitive behavioural therapy or venlafaxine using glucose metabolism in major depressive disorder. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2009;34:175-180.
17. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW. Structured Clinical interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I disorders, research version, patient edition. New York: Biometrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 2002.
18. Milad MR, Goldstein JM, Orr SP, et al. Fear conditioning and extinction: Influence of sex and menstrual cycle in healthy humans. Behav Neurosci 2006;120:1196-1203.
19. Milad MR, Quinn BT, Pitman RK, Orr SP, Fischl B, Rauch SL. Thickness of ventromedial prefrontal cortex in humans is correlated with extinction memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005;102:10706-10711.
20. Orr SP, Metzger LJ, Lasko NB, Macklin ML, Peri T, Pitman RK. De novo conditioning in trauma-exposed individuals with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 2000;109:290-298.
21. Quirk GJ, Russo GK, Barron JL, Lebron K. The role of ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the recovery of extinguished fear. J Neurosci 2000;20:6225-6231.